Your Greatest Risk Operating a motor vehicle Exposure Frequency - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Your Greatest Risk Operating a motor vehicle Exposure – Frequency – Severity “Standard of Care”

TRAFFIC VIDEO

Jason Seeley  AFSI Associate since 2004  Professional Driver-15 Years  Trainer/ Safety Assistant-3 years  B.A. University of Alberta  Long Combination Vehicle Instructor/ E xaminer  Commercial Vehicle Collision Reconstruction Certificate  Level 2 On-Scene Collision Investigation Certificate  Certified PDIC Instructor

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Why is driving or operating equipment your greatest risk?  Exposure – The amount we use our vehicles.  Severity – The potential to be injured or killed is high in a motor vehicle collision  Frequency – This is tied to exposure but has factors that we as drivers control  “The Startled Driver”

EXPOSURE  The amount of time spent driving  Does it involve work Crash picture  Various conditions  Off roadway  Commercial Vehicles  Different surfaces

SEVERITY  Type of collision  Potential Involvement Crash Picture with Commercial Vehicles  Kinetic Energy  Grades  Friction values

FREQUENCY Crash Picture

VIDEO

Crash Scene related to video

STANDARD OF CARE Do you operate a vehicle as part of your Job?

Skill Requirements for a Professional Driver  Legal  General  Company  Knowledge  ATTITUDE

Legal  Age  Licensing  Rules of the road  Endorsements  Physical  Safe operation – driving record  Perform tasks relative to job requirements

General  Knowledge of the vehicle to be Picture used  Ability to drive safely  Paper work

Company  Hours of work  Basic work rules (JSB – SOP)  Safety rules  Inspection and maintenance  Public and customer relations  Benefits

Know ledge  Driving abilities Picture  Experience  Equipment  Company

ATTITUDE  Attitude is really what makes a professional driver  Cooperative  Loyalty  Concern for safety  Honesty  Dependability

Video

POSITIVE ATTITUDE

How do Motor Vehicle Incidents happen? The Startled Driver

 Most serious control problems occur due to sudden inputs of steering and/or brakes resulting from the driver being surprised  Surprise occurs due to a failure of the driver to anticipate changes  Failure to anticipate is normally caused by incorrect eye placement. The sooner a driver sees and decides the less control input is required

Drivers Triangle DRIVER VEHICLE ENVIRONMENT

What is driving? 10% 90% Mechanical Visual

Observational Skills

Video

GET THE BIG PICTURE  Ninety percent (90%) of the information required to drive a vehicle passes over the visual pathway

 Knowing WHERE to look  WHEN to look  WHAT to look for

SPEED What is SPEED? Picture

Time & Distance Kilometers per hour (Speed) Meters per second (Velocity)

Formula for KINETIC ENERGY 1 MxV Ke = 2 2

KINETIC ENERGY

Video

Uses fuel to run the engine and converts heat energy to mechanical energy The more Horse Power the engine produces the faster the vehicle can travel considering its weight In order to stop the vehicle the mechanical energy has to be converted back to heat.

Skid Mark Picture

What happens w hen there is no opportunity for the energy to be dissipated through the brakes or tires?

Fixed Barrier Collision Picture

Concentration of Energy Picture

Crash Scene Picture

Crash Scene Picture

Crash Scene Picture

Crash Scene Picture

Speed Crash Scene

Speed Crash Scene

Speed Crash Scene

Speed Crash Scene

Stopping Distance 120 109.4 100 Perception 80.06 80 Reaction 59.92 60 Braking Distance 34 40 Total Stopping Distance 20 0 50Kph 70Kph 90Kph 110Kph

Braking  Coefficient of friction  Road and weather conditions Picture  Weight and speed factors  Grades  ABS systems

Steering  Turning radius in relation to speed  Traction – side slip Picture  Centre of mass  Stability base  Out and In track  Shuffle steering  Vehicle position

 To control a vehicle, rolling contact between tires and the road surface must be maintained  A driver can influence the movement of a vehicle only three ways  Steering  Accelerating  Braking  How a driver inputs steering, acceleration or braking will determine whether driving is an ACT or an ART

Stable Platform Concept Braking Right Turn Left Turn STABLE PLATFORM Acceleration Weight Transfer

Tires 200 Kph 100 Kph Friction Traction 0 Kph

ACT vs. ART  The ACT of driving is relatively simple and most people can perform the task unconsciously  The ART of driving is also relatively simple, but is accomplished through the drivers ability to concentrate on the task at hand and make conscious decisions

Video

Visual Search Procedures  Get a clear, complete and accurate picture of the environment and other traffic.  You must pay attention.  Sense is your primary source of information.  You must see , interpret , understand and apply .

Looking Ahead (12 second rule)  Identify problems or anticipate trouble  Decide how to avoid the difficulty  Check for traffic that may prevent you from making the proper adjustment  Take the appropriate action

Scanning & Searching  Use a reference point (12 seconds ahead)  Your scan & search will involve checking  Well ahead  Just ahead  Both sides  Start at your reference point then quickly scan & search then back to your reference point.  This will eliminate tunnel vision and eye fatigue

Picture

27.8 m/sec Perception ¾ second 100km/h Reaction ¾ second 30 meters 41.7 Meters

Picture

Picture

 Look f Look for post or posted si signs gns  Reduce educe your speed your speed  Search earch for m or movem ovemen ent and unusua and unusual spot spots of of light ght  Be e caref careful at at daw dawn, n, dusk dusk and and on on cl clou oudy or or rai rainy ny days days  If you you see one ani see one animal al, scan scan for ot or other hers

 Search roadside aggressively for animals  SLOW DOWN when you see an animal  Aim for where the animal has been, not where it is going  Look at the path you want to take, not at the animal  Brake quickly, look, then steer

CONDITIONS DRIVER VEHICLE ENVIRONMENT

Crash Scene Picture

Crash Scene Picture

Crash Scene Picture

Crash Scene Picture

Crash Scene Picture

Crash Scene Picture

ENVIRONMENT  Weather  Roadway  Geography  Sight lines  Animals  Road Surface

I s Your Vehicle Prepared ?  Coolant and Levels  In-cab Heater's and Defrost  Wiper Blades and Washer  Tires  Tire Chains

Changing Road Surface  Consider the time of year (-5 to 5 C)  Is there slush – black ice/snow  Water on roadway  Be aware of shadowed areas  Changes in elevation  Be aware of outside temperature  Is there lots of sand on the roadway

Crash Video

Stopping Distance Relative to Coefficient of Friction 300 250 200 50Kph 150 70Kph 100 90Kph 50 0 Cement Asphalt Gravel Snow Ice Packed

Crash Scene Pictures

Crash Scene Picture

Crash Scene Photo

Video

SEAT BELTS

Seat Belt Video

 6 passengers  Pressurized space suits  Oxygen enriched environment  4 point harness  14 g’s  2½ minute ride

 One passenger  New baby boy  Impaired Picture  No seat belt  200 g’s  millisecond

Seat Belt Crash Video

Seat Belt Crash Picture

Seat Belt Crash Picture

Seat Belt Crash Picture

Seat Belt Crash Picture

Seat Belt Crash Picture

Seat Belt Crash Picture

Seat Belt Crash Picture

Seat Belt Crash Picture

Helpful Hints  Drive as an Art not an Act  Practice knowing where to look, when to look and what to look for  The most important item on your vehicle are your tires  Look where you want to go  Speed kills  Stable platform concept  Seatbelts save lives and reduce injuries

Jason Seeley Advantage Fleet Services Inc. Suite 140, #8-6014 Vedder Rd Chilliwack, British Columbia V2R 5P5 1-866-433-2374 www.advantagefleet.com