Word Formation: Prefixes & Suffixes ENGLISH FOR COMPUTER - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Word Formation: Prefixes & Suffixes ENGLISH FOR COMPUTER SCIENCE EXTRA NOTES #3 EHSAN AKHGARI OCTOBER 2007 Introduction 2 Word formation in English: prefix stem suffix Examples: programmer: program + er (someone who
ENGLISH FOR COMPUTER SCIENCE EXTRA NOTES #3 EHSAN AKHGARI OCTOBER 2007
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Sharif University of Technology
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programmer: program + er (someone who programs) underestimate: under + estimate (estimate
unrecognizable: un + recognize + able (cannot be recognized)
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unpleasant interactive
pleasantly active
September, October, November, December
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Negative and positive Size Location Time and order Number
This prefix type is used to change the meaning
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Sharif University of Technology
This prefix type is used to aggregate the meaning of a stem with a size concept.
Prefix Meaning Examples
semi- half, partly semiconductor equi- equal equidistant mini- small minicomputer micro- very small microcomputer macro- mega- large, great macroeconomics megabyte 6
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This prefix type is used to aggregate the meaning of a stem with a location concept.
Prefix Meaning Examples
inter- between, among interface, interactive intra- within, inside of intranet super-
supersonic trans- across transmit, transfer ex-
exclude, extrinsic in- inside include, intrinsic extra- beyond extraordinary sub- under subschema infra- below infra-red, infrastructure peri- around peripheral 7
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This prefix type is used to aggregate the meaning of a stem with a time or an order concept.
Prefix Meaning Examples
ante- pre- before antecedent prefix prime- first primary, primitive post- after postdated retro- backward retroactive 8
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This prefix type is used to aggregate the meaning of a stem with a number or count concept.
Prefix Meaning Examples
semi- half semicircle mono-
monochromatic bi- two binary tri- three triangle quad- four quadruple penta- five pentagon hex six hexadecimal
sept(em)-
seven September
eight
dec- ten decimal multi- many multiplexor, multidimensional 9
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Sharif University of Technology
This prefix type includes the prefixes which cannot be categorized into any of the aforementioned categories.
Prefix Meaning Examples
pro- before, in advance forward program progress auto- self automatic autobiography autograph co- con- together, with coordinate connect 10
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Noun-forming Verb-forming Adverb-forming Adjective-forming
This suffix type creates nouns from the stems (usually verbs).
Prefix Meaning Examples
state performance
quality of independence
a person who a thing which programmer, operator compiler, accumulator
a person who analyst, typist
pertaining to electrician
the act of compilation
condition of readiness
action/state conversion
activity multiplexing
state, action measurement
state, quality electricity
condition/state magnetism
domain/condition kingdom, freedom
condition/state relationship, partnership 12
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This suffix type creates verbs from the stems.
Prefix Meaning Examples
to make computerize automate, activate, calculate simplify harden, widen 13
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This suffix type creates adverbs from the stems.
Prefix Meaning Examples
in the manner of electronically, logically, comparably, helpfully 14
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This suffix type creates adjectives from the stems.
Prefix Meaning Examples
having the quality of
computational, logical circular magnetic, automatic electrical
capable of being comparable divisible
like, full of dangerous
characterized by helpful
without careless
like yellowish
having the quality of
computed interactive 15
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