Welc lcome Conversations with Academia Big Data for Big - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Welc lcome Conversations with Academia Big Data for Big Challenges: The Swiss Data Cube for Environmental Monitoring 1. Understand how Earth Observations (EO) acquired by satellites can be used for environmental monitoring Session 2.
Conversations with Academia Big Data for Big Challenges: The Swiss Data Cube for Environmental Monitoring
acquired by satellites can be used for environmental monitoring
data to drive progress against key national and international development agendas like the Sustainable Development Goals
Senior Lecturer, University of Geneva, Head of the Digital Earth Unit, GRID-Geneva
Director, GRID-Geneva
Senior Lecturer, University of Zurich, Group Leader, Remote Sensing Laboratories
…is achieving a balance between the exploitation of natural resources for socio- economic development, and conserving ecosystem services that are critical to everyone’ s wellbeing and livelihoods.
Natural Capital Socio-Economic needs
The Challenge: Evidence-based policy-making
Knowledge: inform us about the limits of the planet Action: Societies decide how to use resources of our planet
Decisions Understanding Knowledge Information Data
Meaning Value
To better understand these changes… Our plant is under continuous
from satellites
Copernicus – Europe’s Eye on Earth Largest EO data provider in the World: 250TB/day data Archive: 250PB of data stored, daily growth rate: 220TB
Sentinel-2: 22’000 images to cover the Earth Every 5 days! > 1’600’000 images per year!
https://apps.sentinel-hub.com/eo-browser/
Freely available Commercial satellites
Not just photos…
‘p ’
Courtesy of Geoscience Australia
VIS NIR SWIR 1 SWIR 2 TIR
VIS Visible Light RGB NIR Near Infra-Red (IR) SWIR Shortwave IR TIR Thermal IR
13 bands 11 bands 8 bands 14 bands 36 bands
Page 16 (See also Cicalaet al., 2018)
Page 17
(See also Cicalaet al., 2018)
Landsat 8 Landsat 8 + Sentinel-2A&B
Li & Roy (2017)
Images per year
Sentinel-2: 22’000 images to cover the Earth Every 5 days! > 1’600’000 images per year!
Everything is in place… Why doesn’t the world use satellite data?
resolution?), radar (which type?)
filtering
A New Solution… DATA CUBES
Sampling a Data Cube
Adapted from CEOS
Longitude Latitude Time A single time slice, similar to a standard “scene” can be used to assess a single point in time Pixels in the Data Cube are processed, aligned, and compressed and ready for data analysis
Sampling a Data Cube
Longitude Latitude Time Several time slices can be combined into one to form a “Mosaic”. This is
reduce clouds or create seasonal or annual images. Typical Mosaics ... Most/Least Recent Pixel, Mean/Median, Geomedian, Min/Max NDVI
Adapted from CEOS
Sampling a Data Cube
Longitude Latitude Time Examples of Time Series analyses include: Land Change (PyCCD), Water Change (WOFS), Parameter variation along a transect (Hovmoller plot) Time Series analyses consider the variation of data
Adapted from CEOS
have national and international reporting commitments and obligations as well as national environmental programs.
all need information that is synoptic, consistent, spatially explicit, sufficiently detailed to capture anthropogenic impacts, and national in scope.
to determine trends, define present, and inform
and communities.
Session X: Session Title Slide 28
FROM 1984 to 2020
PIXEL RESOLUTION
LANDSAT 5/7/8; SENTINEL-1/2 A-B
PIXELS
OBSERVATIONS
INGESTED
ANALYSIS READY DATA
COST OF DATA WITHOUT OPEN DATA ACCESS POLICY
SWISS DATA CUBE in Numbers
A unique Analysis Ready Data Archive
Updated every week!
Giuliani G., Chatenoux B., De Bono A., Rodila D., Richard J.-P., Allenbach K., Dao H., Peduzzi P. (2017) Building an Earth Observations Data Cube: lessons learned from the Swiss Data Cube (SDC) on generating Analysis Ready Data (ARD). Big Earth Data 1(1):1-18
Bondo Landslide – 23 august 2017
Earth Observations is useful for monitoring SDG’s
http://earthobservations.org/geo_sdgs.php
Water detection – Drought impact (2018)
Urbanization – Bulle 1985/2018
Rhône glacier – 1985/2018/2020
13 .September 2020
~410m
ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use Gregory Giuliani | ESRIN | 12/09/2019 | Slide 32
… is undermining the well-being of 3.2 billion people (IPBES)
Collaboration: University of Geneva; GEO; ESA, CNR, JRC; UN Environment http://www.geoessential.eu Giuliani et al., submitted
ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use Gregory Giuliani | ESRIN | 12/09/2019 | Slide 34
… are not enough for public policy!
ESA UNCLASSIFIED - For Official Use Gregory Giuliani | ESRIN | 12/09/2019 | Slide 35
… to capture spatial (maps) and temporal dynamics (graphs)
How much? Where? When? Who?
SDG15.3.1 – Results from Switzerland
Official value: 4.7% SDC value: 9.7% Official definition in Switzerland is based
land productivity! Do not comply with the official UN definition!
Giuliani G., Chatenoux B., Benvenuti A., Lacroix P., Santoro M., Mazzetti P., Monitoring Land Degradation at national level using satellite EO time-series data to support SDG15 – Exploring the potentiation
Data Cube, Big Earth Data, https://doi.org/10.1080/20964471.2020.1711633
0.0002 (mol/m2)
Sentinel 5P - Air Pollution Monitoring (NO2)
0.0002 (mol/m2)
Sentinel 5P - Air Pollution Monitoring (NO2)
0.0002 (mol/m2)
Sentinel 5P - Air Pollution Monitoring (NO2)
Drone orthomosaic: Hossein Torabzadeh
The SDC supports the « Digital Switzerland » strategy
▪ Support innovation and growth in the digital economy ▪ Improve efficiency and effectiveness of government investments ▪ Improve management of natural resources ▪ Stimulate research ▪ Effective monitoring mechanism ▪ Generate information products ▪ Improve data access and use & enable new products/services that can transform everyday life
Session X: Session Title Slide 49
Data: Landsat 5,7, 8 ARD; Sentinel 1-2 ARD + All scientific/decision- ready products are freely,
available & FAIR compliant
documented and openly available
ODC into practice
http://www ww.ga.gov.au/dea
https ps:// //www.di digitaleartha hafrica.or
https://www ww.opendatacube.org
Session X: Session Title Slide 55
Aims at facilitating the generation and use of an ODC instance virtually anywhere in the World. Users are only required to specify:
application;
Sentinel-2;
Then automatically an empty ODC instance is instantiated and desired data are ingested.
Giuliani G., Chatenoux B., Piller T., Moser F., Lacroix P. (2020) Data Cube on Demand (DCoD): Generating Earth Observation Data Cube anywhere, International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation 87:102035 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2019.102035
EO Data Cubes have the potential… … to enhance scientific accountability and credibility
Without trust and shared knowledge:
problematic
development can be complicated
http://www.swissdatacube.ch
@SwissDataCube GRIDgva/SwissDataCube gregory.giuliani@unepgrid.ch
gregory.giuliani@unige.ch gregory.giuliani@unepgrid.ch http://www.unige.ch/envirospace/people/giuliani/
Conversations with Academia Big Data for Big Challenges: The Swiss Data Cube for Environmental Monitoring
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