L IFE ’ S T RANSITIONS : A DDRESSING T REATMENT AND R ECOVERY WITH A TEAM APPROACH ... F ROM A DOLESCENCE TO Y OUNG A DULTHOOD Presenters: Kellie Gage, MS , CAADC IDHS/DASA Aireal Weber, MA, LCPC Centerstone of Illinois
O UR G OALS FOR T ODAY Identify ways adolescent development impacts substance use and recovery. Discuss transitions in life that can cause stress in the life of developing youth and young adults. Identify holistic support systems for young adults Discuss tools for working with adolescents, young adults, their families and other support systems
W HO ’ S I N T HE R OOM T ODAY ? Please share your Name…. How are you connected to the Behavioral Health Field? Do you currently work with Adolescents and/or Young Adults? What positive comment/thought would you share with a Young Adult in Recovery?
D ON ’ T B E L IKE TIMMY!!!! L IFE IS FILLED WITH SWIFT TRANSITIONS https://youtu.be/5wBnBC-b540
W HAT W ORDS C OME TO M IND When you hear the word Adolescent, what words come to mind?
A DOLESCENT W ORD C LOUD
A DOLESCENCE I S …. Adolescence is a period of life with specific health and developmental needs and rights. All societies recognize that there is a difference between being a child and becoming an adult. How this transition from childhood to adulthood is defined and recognized differs between cultures and over time. Age is a convenient way to define adolescence. But it is only one characteristic that delineates this period of development.
A DOLESCENT D EVELOPMENT “Adolescence is like having only enough light to see the step directly in front of you.” ― Sarah Addison Allen, The Girl Who Chased the Moon
E ARLY A DOLESCENCE (12 & 13) Physical Development • Puberty • Physical growth Cognitive Development • Growing capacity for abstract thought • More interest in present versus future Social-Emotional Development • Struggle with sense of identity • Desire for independence Adapted from the American Academy of Child and Adolescent’s Facts for Families. 2008.
M IDDLE A DOLESCENCE (14-17) Physical Development • Puberty is completed • Physical slow for girls, continues for boys Cognitive Development • Greater capacity for setting goals • Interest in moral reasoning Social-Emotional Development • Intense self-improvement • Driven to make friends and tendency to distance selves from parents Adapted from the American Academy of Child and Adolescent’s Facts for Families. 2008.
L ATE A DOLESCENCE (18-25) Physical Development Young women, typically, are fully developed • Young men continue to gain height, weight, • muscle mass, and body hair Cognitive Development Ability to think ideas through • Examination of inner experiences • Social-Emotional Development • Firmer sense of identity • Increased concern for others • Social and cultural traditions regain some of their importance Adapted from the American Academy of Child and Adolescent’s Facts for Families. 2008.
S TAGES OF A DOLESCENT TO E ARLY A DULTHOOD D EVELOPMENT Erik Erikson’s Stages of Development
• Adolescence is a period of profound brain maturation. • It was believed that brain development was complete during childhood. • The maturation process is not complete until about age 25 (mid -twenties)
A HEAD Maturation starts at the back of the brain..and moves to the front Amygdala Judgment Emotion Motivation Physical coordination Prefrontal Cortex Sensory processing Nucleus Accumbens Cerebellum Notice: Judgment is last to develop !
A DOLESCENT B RAIN D EVELOPMENT Research indicates that the human brain is still maturing during the adolescent years, with significant changes continuing into the early 20s. Brain maturation tends to occur from the back of the brain to the front, so the front region of the brain known as the prefrontal cortex is responsible for high-level reasoning and decision-making, does not become fully mature until around the early to mid 20s. Ken C. Winters, Ph.D. Adolescent Brain Development and Drug Abuse
A DOLESCENT B RAIN D EVELOPMENT The developing brain of the teenage years may help explain why adolescents sometimes make decisions that seem to be quite risky and may lead to safety or health concerns. Psychologist Laurence Steinberg sees it this way, “a teenager’s brain has a well-developed accelerator but only a partly developed brake .”
A DOLESCENT B RAIN D EVELOPMENT “As the prefrontal cortex matures, teenagers can reason better, develop more control over impulses and make judgments better. In fact, this part of the brain has been dubbed ‘the area of sober second thought.’” – Frontline/Dr. Jay Giedd at NIMH https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/teenbrain/work/adolescent.html
R ISKY B EHAVIORS It is useful to consider substance use during adolescence within the context of the more general spectrum of risk behaviors that mark this developmental period. Problem behavior theory defines risk behavior as behavior that can interfere with successful psychosocial development (i.e. having deviant peers) whereas problem behaviors are risk behaviors that lead to either formal or informal social responses designed to control them (i.e. substance use).
R ISKY BEHAVIORS Risk behaviors increase the adolescent’s vulnerability to a problem. What are some common risky behaviors seen by adolescents in that you serve?
S UBSTANCE U SE AND C O -O CCURRING C ONCERNS ACE’s Study: Health Findings (CDC)
N UMBER OF A DOLESCENTS A GED 12 TO 17 W HO U SED C IGARETTES , A LCOHOL , OR I LLICIT D RUGS FOR THE F IRST T IME ON AN A VERAGE D AY (NSDUH, 2013)
A GE OF F IRST U SE OF P RIMARY S UBSTANCE (T REATMENT A DMISSIONS D ATA : 2009)
P AST M ONTH I LLICIT D RUG U SE AMONG P ERSONS A GED 12 OR O LDER , BY A GE (SAMHSA, 2012)
P AST Y EAR S UBSTANCE U SE (2012) (G RADES 9 – 12) CEASAR. April 29, 2013, 22 (17).
P RIMARY S UBSTANCE OF A BUSE R URAL AND U RBAN A DMISSIONS ( AGES 12+) (SAMHSA, 2009)
A S NAPSHOT OF I LLINOIS Y OUTH Every two years, the Illinois Youth Survey provides current data on substance usage rates of youth in grades 6, 8, 10, and 12. “Gateway” drug findings from the most recent survey were: Alcohol is the number one drug for Illinois youth, with usage rates higher than the national average. Marijuana use is higher than the national average. Cigarette use is similar to the national average. Students using drugs or alcohol are up to five times more likely to drop out of school. Nearly 10,000 Illinois residents die annually from accidental injuries, and 40% of those are related to use of alcohol!
W HAT W ORDS C OME TO M IND When you hear the word Emerging Adult/Transitional Aged Youth, what words come to mind?
W HAT W ORDS C OME T O M IND W HEN Y OU T HINK A BOUT Y OUNG A DULTS
C ROSSING O VER
A L ONGER R OAD TO A DULTHOOD For the young Americans of the 21 st Century, the road to adult-hood is a long one. From their late teens to their late twenties, they explore the many possibilities available to them (love, work, etc.) Exciting to explore the different options they have Also a time of Anxiety, because of unsettledness
D OES I T G ET B ETTER ? https://youtu.be/1-g9hpU_RtM
“There are an estimated 10.5 millions emerging adults ages 18-25 in the US with an SUD, but research on treatments for emerging adults lags behind that for adolescents and older adults.” Douglas C. Smith, PhD, LCSW Emerging Adults and Substance Use Disorder Treatment
B UILDING H EALTHY S UPPORT S YSTEMS Best Practices Evidence Based Models (ACRA/ACC) 12-14 weeks outpatient treatment Skills building focus (i.e.: communication, problem solving, job seeking, drink and drug refusal, etc.) Transition to meeting in the community at discharge from ACRA – whether or not the discharge is “successful” Emphasizes community interaction, family support, and linkage Formal Support : Alcoholics Anonymous, Narcotics Anonymous, • Celebrate Recovery, Refuge Recovery, SMART Recovery, etc. Goal Aligned/Holistic Supports : Gym Membership, Religious • Involvement, Exercise Groups, College Classes, Work Colleagues, etc.
VISION: YPR envisions a world where all young people in or seeking recovery will be provided with the tools and support that allows them to successfully take charge of their futures. MISSION: Leadership team creates and cultivates local community-led chapters through grassroots organizing and training. Chapters support young people in or seeking recovery by empowering them to obtain stable employment, secure suitable housing, and continue and complete their educations. Chapters also advocate on the local and state levels for better accessibility of these services and other effective recovery resources.
W E N EED T HEIR V OICES A T T HE T ABLE ! Involving Young Adults in SYT-I Preparing the Interagency Council Adultism Preparing the Young Adults Finally….We Meet!
M AINE T OWNSHIP : R ECOVERY C ONNECTION www.mainetownship.com/services/recovery/
http://illinoisfamilyresourcecenter.org/
C OMING S OON www.serenityacademychicago.org/about/
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