UTRIENT TMDL TMDL S L OWER OWER S ALINAS ALINAS R IVER IVER & R - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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UTRIENT TMDL TMDL S L OWER OWER S ALINAS ALINAS R IVER IVER & R - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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P ROPOSED ROPOSED N UTRIENT UTRIENT TMDL TMDL S L OWER OWER S ALINAS ALINAS R IVER IVER & R & R ECLAMATION ECLAMATION C C ANAL ANAL B B ASIN ASIN , , & & THE THE M ORO ORO C C OJO OJO S LOUGH LOUGH S UBWATERSHED UBWATERSHED M

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SLIDE 1

PROPOSED

ROPOSED NUTRIENT UTRIENT TMDL

TMDLS

LOWER

OWER SALINAS ALINAS RIVER IVER & R

& RECLAMATION

ECLAMATION C

CANAL

ANAL B

BASIN

ASIN,

, & & THE

THE MORO ORO C

COJO

OJO SLOUGH LOUGH SUBWATERSHED UBWATERSHED

MONTEREY

ONTEREY COUNTY OUNTY

Pete Pete Osmolovsky Osmolovsky & Chris & Chris Rose Rose

Water Board Water Board TMDL Program TMDL Program

Photo Credits: Photo Credits: Mary Hamilton Mary Hamilton CCRWQCB CCRWQCB Salinas River @ Salinas River @ Chualar Chualar

Agenda Item Agenda Item 9

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2

Staff Staff Recommendation… Recommendation…

Adopt Resolution Adopt Resolution R3 R3-2013 2013-0008* 0008*

* * Including

Including Supplemental Supplemental Sheet w/proposed Sheet w/proposed changes changes

Proposed Proposed Additions Additions to Basin Plan: to Basin Plan:

1.

  • 1. TMDLs

TMDLs and Implementation Plan for and Implementation Plan for Nitrogen Compounds & Nitrogen Compounds & Orthophosphate for lower Salinas Valley Orthophosphate for lower Salinas Valley**

**

** ** Includes Lower Salinas River and Reclamation Canal Basin and

Includes Lower Salinas River and Reclamation Canal Basin and Moro Moro Cojo Cojo Slough Slough Subwatershed Subwatershed

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3

Highlights... Highlights...

  • TMDLs are planning tools to assist

TMDLs are planning tools to assist the State in creating its the State in creating its strategy strategy to to implement its water quality implement its water quality standards standards

  • TMDLs use existing or planned regulatory measures to implement

TMDLs use existing or planned regulatory measures to implement TMDL goals TMDL goals

  • TMDL consistent with Water Board’s highest priorities

TMDL consistent with Water Board’s highest priorities

  • TMDL implementation = Compliance with Ag Order

TMDL implementation = Compliance with Ag Order & NPDES permits & NPDES permits

  • Relevant water quality objectives will take many years to achieve

Relevant water quality objectives will take many years to achieve

  • TMDL has been independently peer reviewed by scientists

TMDL has been independently peer reviewed by scientists

  • USEPA reports: TMDL meets federal requirements under CWA

USEPA reports: TMDL meets federal requirements under CWA

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SLIDE 4

4

TMDL project area TMDL project area

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SLIDE 5

5

Backdrop: Backdrop: Nutrient Pollution (nitrogen & phosphorus) Backdrop: Backdrop: Nutrient Pollution (nitrogen & phosphorus)

Excessive Nutrients may cause…

  • Toxic Effects

Toxic Effects (degradation of drinking (degradation of drinking water sources) water sources)

  • Degradation

Degradation of Aquatic Habitat

  • f Aquatic Habitat (biostimulation

biostimulation)

  • Public

Public health risks health risks and and nuisance nuisance (algal toxins algal toxins)

  • Degradation

Degradation of irrigation supply

  • f irrigation supply (for sensitive crops

(for sensitive crops)

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SLIDE 6

Example of Example of biostimulation biostimulation

Moro Moro Cojo Cojo Slough (Sept. 2011) Slough (Sept. 2011)

6

Excess algal Excess algal biomass biomass Dissolved Dissolved

  • xygen
  • xygen

imbalances imbalances DO crashes DO crashes

(hypoxia) (hypoxia) ; fish

; fish kills; disruption kills; disruption

  • f aquatic food
  • f aquatic food

web web Decreased Decreased biological biological diversity diversity

Public nuisance Public nuisance – public health risks public health risks

(harmful algal blooms) (harmful algal blooms)

Plant growth Plant growth

(biostimulation biostimulation)

Physical factors: Physical factors:

substrate, temperature, substrate, temperature, hydraulics ydraulics

Nutrients Nutrients

Sunlight availability Sunlight availability

(canopy, turbidity) (canopy, turbidity)

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SLIDE 7

7

Backdrop: Backdrop:

Scope of nitrate pollution in surface waters

Backdrop: Backdrop:

Scope of nitrate pollution in surface waters

7

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SLIDE 8

8

Backdrop: Backdrop:

Nitrate pollution TMDL project area

Backdrop: Backdrop:

Nitrate pollution TMDL project area

8

WQ DATA 1999-2010

  • No. of samples: 2,127

% > 10 mg/L: 47.3% (drinking H2O standard) % > 100 mg/L: 1.9% (livestock poisoning)

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SLIDE 9

9

Nutrient TMDL Development… Nutrient TMDL Development…

SPRING

PRING 2010

2010 THROUGH

THROUGH JAN

  • AN. 2013

. 2013

4 Public 4 Public Workshops: Workshops: June 2010, April 2011, Oct.

June 2010, April 2011, Oct. 2011, Nov. 2012 2011, Nov. 2012

Data analysis, & input from stakeholders & interested parties Data analysis, & input from stakeholders & interested parties Independent Scientific Peer Review: Spring 2012 Independent Scientific Peer Review: Spring 2012 Review by SWRCB Office of Chief Counsel Review by SWRCB Office of Chief Counsel Review by USEPA Review by USEPA Public Review & Written Comments: Fall 2012 Public Review & Written Comments: Fall 2012

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SLIDE 10

10 10

Nutrient Impaired Waters TMDL project area TMDL project area Nutrient Impaired Waters TMDL project area TMDL project area

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TMDL Source Analysis… TMDL Source Analysis…

Phosphorus Sources Phosphorus Sources Nitrogen Sources Nitrogen Sources

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Basin Plan Nutrient Water Quality Basin Plan Nutrient Water Quality Standard Standard:

: Biostimulatory Biostimulatory Substances Substances (Narrative

Narrative Regulatory Standard)

Regulatory Standard)

“Waters shall not contain bio “Waters shall not contain bio-stimulatory substances stimulatory substances in concentrations in concentrations that promote aquatic growths to the extent that that promote aquatic growths to the extent that such such growths… affect growths… affect beneficial uses beneficial uses.” .”

Nutrient Numeric Target Development… Nutrient Numeric Target Development…

Staff’s Numeric Target Development Approach… Staff’s Numeric Target Development Approach…

Approaches used in previous approved TMDLs;  USEPA recommended methodologies;  California NNE approach

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Old Salinas River Old Salinas River - biostimulation biostimulation

  • Sept. 2006
  • Sept. 2006

Constituent Constituent

Impairment Addressed Impairment Addressed

Characterization of Numeric Characterization of Numeric Threshold Threshold

Stream Stream Numeric Numeric Targets Targets

(TMDLs) (TMDLs)

(mg/L) (mg/L)

Nitrate Nitrate

Drinking water, Drinking water, groundwater recharge groundwater recharge

Concentration Concentration-based based Basin Plan Objective Basin Plan Objective

(Regulatory Standard) (Regulatory Standard)

10 10

Unionized ammonia Unionized ammonia Toxicity Toxicity

Concentration Concentration-based based Basin Plan Objective Basin Plan Objective

(Regulatory Standard) (Regulatory Standard)

0.025 0.025

Nitrate Nitrate Biostimulation Biostimulation

(aquatic habitat) (aquatic habitat)

Concentration Concentration-based targets derived based targets derived from from USEPA & SWRCB USEPA & SWRCB-recognized recognized methods methods (non

(non-regulatory TMDL Target) regulatory TMDL Target)

1.4 1.4 – 8.0 8.0

(sci. (sci. peer reviewed) peer reviewed)

Orthophosphate Orthophosphate Biostimulation Biostimulation

(aquatic habitat) (aquatic habitat)

Concentration Concentration-based targets derived based targets derived from from USEPA & SWRCB USEPA & SWRCB-recognized recognized methods methods

(non (non-regulatory TMDL Target) regulatory TMDL Target)

0.07 0.07 – 0.3 0.3

(sci. (sci. peer reviewed) peer reviewed)

TMDLs Summary… TMDLs Summary…

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Nutrient-Response Indicator Targets (desired conditions) Nutrient-Response Indicator Targets (desired conditions)

Constituent Constituent

Impairment Impairment

Characterization of Characterization of Numeric Numeric Threshold Threshold

Stream Numeric Stream Numeric Targets Targets

Dissolved Oxygen Dissolved Oxygen

Biostimulation Biostimulation (aquatic habitat) (aquatic habitat)

Basin Plan Objective Basin Plan Objective

(Regulatory Standard) (Regulatory Standard)

Not Not to be depressed below to be depressed below

5 mg/L 5 mg/L (WARM)

(WARM)

7 mg/L 7 mg/L (COLD)

(COLD)

Oxygen Oxygen saturation saturation

Biostimulation Biostimulation (aquatic habitat) (aquatic habitat)

Basin Plan Objective Basin Plan Objective

(Regulatory Standard) (Regulatory Standard)

Not Not to be depressed below to be depressed below

85% 85% median

median

Oxygen Oxygen supersaturation supersaturation

Biostimulation Biostimulation (aquatic habitat) (aquatic habitat)

  • Sci. Literature Threshold
  • Sci. Literature Threshold

(non

(non-regulatory TMDL Target) regulatory TMDL Target)

Not Not to exceed to exceed

13 13 mg/L

mg/L

Chlorophyll Chlorophyll a

Biostimulation Biostimulation (aquatic habitat) (aquatic habitat)

  • Sci. Literature Threshold
  • Sci. Literature Threshold

(non (non-regulatory TMDL Target) regulatory TMDL Target)

< 15 15 mg/L

g/L

Microcystins Microcystins (algal toxins)

(algal toxins)

Biostimulation Biostimulation (Toxicity (Toxicity- REC1) REC1) Basin Plan Basin Plan Narrative Obj. Narrative Obj.

(Calif. (Calif. OEHHA health guideline) OEHHA health guideline)

(non (non-regulatory TMDL Target) regulatory TMDL Target)

< < 0.8 0.8 mg/L

g/L

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SLIDE 15

15 Reclamation Canal @ Reclamation Canal @ Boronda Boronda July 2006 July 2006

Priority Pollutant... Priority Pollutant...

  • Nitrogen control = primary focus

Nitrogen control = primary focus*

  • Phosphorus control = less important

Phosphorus control = less important * * Research & data suggest N control is more important in

Research & data suggest N control is more important in limiting limiting biostimulation biostimulation in this watershed in this watershed

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Proposed TMDL Implementation Plan… Proposed TMDL Implementation Plan…

Irrigated Ag… Irrigated Ag…

  • Comply with Agricultural Order = TMDL Implementation

Comply with Agricultural Order = TMDL Implementation

MS4 MS4 Stormwater Stormwater Entities… Entities…

  • NPDES permits = TMDL Implementation

NPDES permits = TMDL Implementation

 City of Salinas & Co. of Monterey City of Salinas & Co. of Monterey

r TMDLs do not self TMDLs do not self-implement… implement…

TMDL Implementing parties & regulatory TMDL Implementing parties & regulatory m mechanisms… echanisms…

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Proposed TMDL Non Proposed TMDL Non-regulatory Milestones… regulatory Milestones…

12 year Interim Goal 12 year Interim Goal

Attain nitrate drinking Attain nitrate drinking water standard & toxicity water standard & toxicity

  • bjective in surface waters
  • bjective in surface waters

20 year Interim Goal 20 year Interim Goal

Attain wet Attain wet-season season biostimulatory biostimulatory targets in targets in surface waters surface waters

30 year Final Goal 30 year Final Goal

Attain more Attain more-stringent dry stringent dry season biostimulatory season biostimulatory targets in surface waters targets in surface waters

TMDL Re-consideration:

Propose Water Board re-visits, re-considers, revises TMDL in 10 years, as appropriate based on new research and data

Old Salinas River Old Salinas River - biostimulation biostimulation

  • Oct. 2011
  • Oct. 2011
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SLIDE 18
  • Receiving water nutrient

Receiving water nutrient concentrations concentrations

  • Nutrient mass loading

Nutrient mass loading (i.e., pounds / tons)

(i.e., pounds / tons) reductions

reductions

  • Implementation

Implementation of management practices

  • f management practices
  • Improvements

Improvements in biological indicators in biological indicators (DO and chlorophyll) (DO and chlorophyll)

  • Encourage

Encourage holistic holistic approach (

approach (riparian improvements, water management, riparian improvements, water management, nutrient management, vegetated treatment systems, etc.) nutrient management, vegetated treatment systems, etc.)

18

Evaluating TMDL Implementation Progress… Evaluating TMDL Implementation Progress…

Flexibility and “Tool Box” of Metrics Proposed…. Flexibility and “Tool Box” of Metrics Proposed….

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SLIDE 19

19 Salinas River @ Davis Road Salinas River @ Davis Road Photo: CSUMB Photo: CSUMB - CCoWS CCoWS

Acknowledgements of Progress… Acknowledgements of Progress…

Reclamation Canal Trends (2005 Reclamation Canal Trends (2005-2011) 2011) Flows Flows Nitrate Loading Nitrate Loading (mass)

(mass)

Nitrate Concentrations Nitrate Concentrations

− 25% 25% + 15%

Natividad Natividad Creek Trends (2005 Creek Trends (2005-2011) 2011) Flows Flows Nitrate Loading Nitrate Loading (mass)

(mass)

Nitrate Concentrations Nitrate Concentrations

− 50% 50% − 40% 40%

Tembladero Tembladero Slough Trends (2005 Slough Trends (2005-2011) 2011) Flows Flows Nitrate Loading Nitrate Loading (mass)

(mass)

Nitrate Concentrations Nitrate Concentrations

+ 15% + 20%

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Public Comments… Public Comments…

  • Monterey County Farm Bureau

Monterey County Farm Bureau

  • Cent. Coast Water Quality Preservation, Inc.
  • Cent. Coast Water Quality Preservation, Inc.
  • Monterey Coast Keeper/Otter Project

Monterey Coast Keeper/Otter Project

  • Grower Shipper Associations of Central Calf.

Grower Shipper Associations of Central Calf.

  • Darlene Din,

Darlene Din, ag ag consultant consultant

  • Dr. Los Huertos, professor CSU
  • Dr. Los Huertos, professor CSU-MB

MB

  • Nature Conservancy

Nature Conservancy

Salinas River @ Davis Rd July 2009

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SLIDE 21
  • TMDL and BPA create new enforceable WQS

TMDL and BPA create new enforceable WQS

  • TMDL WQ

TMDL WQ biostim biostim targets: targets: too stringent too stringent – not stringent enough not stringent enough

  • Will TMDL

Will TMDL biostim biostim targets will be incorporated in Ag Order? targets will be incorporated in Ag Order?

  • Water quality targets unachievable

Water quality targets unachievable – milestones too aggressive milestones too aggressive

  • Ag Order insufficient to implement TMDL

Ag Order insufficient to implement TMDL

  • Defer

Defer TMDL TMDL adoption adoption

  • USEPA supports adoption

USEPA supports adoption

21

Public Comments

(Staff responses in attachment 6 of Staff Report) (Staff responses in attachment 6 of Staff Report)

Public Comments

(Staff responses in attachment 6 of Staff Report) (Staff responses in attachment 6 of Staff Report)

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Supplemental Sheet… Supplemental Sheet…

Purpose of changes to proposed BPA language:

 To provide increased clarity;  To achieve consistency and eliminate redundancy with the existing

implementing regulatory mechanisms.

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SLIDE 23

Photo Credit: Photo Credit: City of Watsonville City of Watsonville

Public nuisances Public nuisances Risks to public health Risks to public health 23

Wrap-up: We Recommend TMDL Adoption… Wrap-up: We Recommend TMDL Adoption…

Viable aquatic habitat for Viable aquatic habitat for fish, wildlife, invertebrates ish, wildlife, invertebrates

Photo Credit: Photo Credit: USEPA USEPA

Drinking Water Supply Drinking Water Supply Groundwater Recharge Groundwater Recharge Irrigation supply Irrigation supply

(sensitive crops) (sensitive crops)

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Questions & Discussion… Questions & Discussion…

Tembladero Slough July 2009