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problem solving
Using Visuals in Science
Ben Rogers - Director of Curriculum and Pedagogy: Paradigm Trust
memory teaching gesture
Using Visuals in Science Ben Rogers - Director of Curriculum and - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Using Visuals in Science Ben Rogers - Director of Curriculum and - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Using Visuals in Science Ben Rogers - Director of Curriculum and Pedagogy: Paradigm Trust problem teaching gesture memory solving Using Visuals in Science Ben Rogers - Director of Curriculum and Pedagogy: Paradigm Trust problem teaching
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problem solving
Using Visuals in Science
Ben Rogers - Director of Curriculum and Pedagogy: Paradigm Trust
memory teaching gesture
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Memory
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time recall
The Ebbinghaus Forgetting Curve - 1885
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Stigma Stigma Stigma Stamen Stamen Stamen Ova Ova Ova
The Surprisingly Powerful Influence of Drawing on Learning
The Picture Superiority Effect
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Source: Fernandez et al 2018
The Surprisingly Powerful Influence of Drawing on Learning
The Picture Superiority Effect
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Teaching
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Should I explain a visual?
5N F
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Should I explain a visual?
Source: Kalyuga, Chandler and Sweller (2000)
5N F
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... ... ...
This chart shows the temperature level rise over the past 170 years. Scientists say this is at least in part attributable to human activity - the artificial increase in CO2 levels globally....
How should I explain my visual?
verbal labeled separate text
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... ... ...
This chart shows the temperature level rise over the past 170 years. Scientists say this is at least in part attributable to human activity - the artificial increase in CO2 levels globally....
How should I explain my visual?
verbal labeled separate text
Source: Moreno and Mayer 1990
retrieval
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Dual Coding
A leaf has palisade cells which are efficient at absorbing sunlight Cells in the root (root hair cells) have a large surface area. Cell wall lignification strengthens the plant vascular body.
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Dual Coding Split Attention
A leaf has palisade cells which are efficient at absorbing sunlight Cells in the root (root hair cells) have a large surface area. 1. A leaf has palisade cells which are efficient at absorbing sunlight. 2. Cells in the root (root hair cells) have a large surface area. 3. Cell wall lignification strengthens the plant vascular body.
1 2 3
Cell wall lignification strengthens the plant vascular body.
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Long Term Memory Working Memory External Memory
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Long Term Memory Working Memory External Memory
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Teaching
Organising Knowledge
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Compare Group Sequence Cause and Effect
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Different Different Similar
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The Earth orbits the Sun. The Earth has liquid oceans. The Earth has an atmosphere. Both are approximately spherical. Both rotate. Both have gravity. The Moon orbits the Earth. The Moon has no atmosphere. The Moon’s orbital period is the same as its rotation period. Different Different Similar
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Ishikawa Diagram - Cause and Effect
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Ishikawa Diagram - Cause and Effect
Deforestation Loss of carbon sink Fossil fuels Melting ice-caps Increased absorption CO2 emissions
Global Warming
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Teaching
Tidy Layouts Reduce Cognitive Load
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Using the Grid
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... ... ...
This chart shows the temperature level rise over the past 170 years. Scientists say this is at least in part attributable to human activity - the artificial increase in CO2 levels globally....
How should I explain my visual?
verbal labeled separate text
Source: Moreno and Mayer 1990
retrieval
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Layout Matters
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Summary
Explaining Images
- Explain images to
novices (not to experts)
- Verbal beats
labeled (at first) Labelling Images
- Dual coding
increases retention
- Avoid the Split
Attention Effect Tidiness Matters
- Use ‘the grid’ to
design slides
- Insist on tidy
working
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Problem Solving
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Computational Efficiency: Search and Inference
One end of a rope is secured to the floor while the other end is passed through a pulley directly above. The free end of the rope is attached to a 5N weight. The weight is suspended by the rope. What is the size of the force required to suspend the pulley?
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Computational Efficiency: Search and Inference
5N F One end of a rope is secured to the floor while the other end is passed through a pulley directly above. The free end of the rope is attached to a 5N weight. The weight is suspended by the rope. What is the size of the force required to suspend the pulley? T T
Why a Diagmm is (Sometimes) Worth Ten Thousand Words: Larkin and Simon (1987)
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mg T x Retort stand masses spring
How much detail?
A demonstration, photo or video shows too much detail for a novice. This is a representational visual: it shows where the parts go. This is an explanatory visual: it shows the relationship between parts.
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concrete pictorial abstract
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concrete pictorial abstract
concrete pictorial abstract pictorial
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v t
Concrete and Abstract
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v t
Concrete and Abstract
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1 2 3 4
Concrete
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GPE
1 2 3 4
GPE KE
1 2 3 4
thermal
KE
thermal
KE
thermal
Concrete Abstract
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Concrete
GPE KE GPE KE
thermal thermal
KE
thermal
Abstract
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Concrete Abstract
GPE KE thermal
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Concrete Abstract
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Drawing with the Body
“When thought overflows the mind, the mind puts it back into the world.” Tversky 2018
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Long Term Memory Working Memory External Memory
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Long Term Memory Working Memory External Memory
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6 cup demonstration
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1 3 2
Iconic - representing an action through gesture. Deitic - pointing at imaginary objects. Metaphoric - hand signals which represent abstract ideas. Beats - gestures to punctuate a list. Emblem - classroom gestures with agreed meaning.
Gestures for Thinking
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Metaphoric - hand signals which represent abstract ideas.
Gestures for Thinking
Flow
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problem solving
Using Visuals in Science
Ben Rogers - Director of Curriculum and Pedagogy: Paradigm Trust
memory teaching gesture
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Theoretical Influences in this Presentation
Oliver Caviglioli Clark and Lyons Barbara Tversky
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Graphical Influences in this Presentation
Byrne’s Euclid Grid System xkcd
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