SLIDE 1
Ron Abileah May 5 , 2 0 0 6 Shoaling waves display four depth- related physical changes 1. Steepening breaking
- 2. Wavenumber transformation
3. Refraction
- 4. Change in phase velocity
Title Ron Abileah abileah@j O m egaK.com ASPRS 2 0 0 6 Annual - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Title Ron Abileah abileah@j O m egaK.com ASPRS 2 0 0 6 Annual - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
MAPPI NG SHALLOW W ATER DEPTH FROM SATELLI TE Title Ron Abileah abileah@j O m egaK.com ASPRS 2 0 0 6 Annual Conference Ron Abileah Reno, Nevada May 5 , 2 0 0 6 May 1 -5 , 2 0 0 6 Ron Abileah May 5 , 2 0 0 6 Shoaling waves display four
SLIDE 2
SLIDE 3
3
W ave spectrum phase
Fourier Transform (FT)
“Tile”
( ))
( , ) ( , )
j k x y x t t y
S k k S k k e
Ω −
=
Ocean surface current Depth
'
( ) ( tanh( ) , ,
x y x y
j k j g k k d U U k k ⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤ = +
- ⎢
⎥ ⎢ ⎥ ⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦ Ω
SLIDE 4
4
W K ( Phase Velocity) Depth Estim ation
( ))
( , ) ( , )
j k x y x t t y
S k k S k k e
Ω −
=
Ocean surface current Depth Wavenumber spectrum at time t
'
( ) ( tanh( ) , ,
x y x y
j k j g k k d U U k k ⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤ = +
- ⎢
⎥ ⎢ ⎥ ⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦ Ω
FT FT FT Solve for U and d (minimum 2 images)
1 t
S
tn
S
2 t
S
Tile from image 1 at t1 Image 2 at t2 Image n at tn …
SLIDE 5
5
2 0 Year History
8 5 9 0 9 5 0 0 0 5
Van Halsema et al. TNO, Netherlands Marine radar Caruthers et al., NORDA Aerial photos Faber, Arete IR video Dugan, Arete AROSS video Abileah Satellite imagery Senet et al. GKSS, Germany Marine radar
Gotwols and Irani, “Optical determination of the phase velocity of short gravity waves,” JHU/ APL, 1980
Large array CCD cameras
Young, Rosenthal, Ziemer, “A three dimensional analysis of marine radar… ,” 1985
SLIDE 6
6
Caruthers et al.
200 400 600 800 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 50 100 150 200 250 50 100 150 200 200 400 600 800 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
SLIDE 7
7
2 0 Year History
8 5 9 0 9 5 0 0 0 5
Van Halsema et al. TNO, Netherlands Marine radar Caruthers et al., NORDA Aerial photos Faber, Arete IR video Dugan, Arete AROSS video Abileah Satellite imagery Senet et al. GKSS, Germany Marine radar
Gotwols and Irani, “Optical determination of the phase velocity of short gravity waves,” JHU/ APL, 1980
Large array CCD cameras
Young, Rosenthal, Ziemer, “A three dimensional analysis of marine radar… ,” 1985
SLIDE 8
8
Dugan
SLIDE 9
9
2 0 Year History
8 5 9 0 9 5 0 0 0 5
Van Halsema et al. TNO, Netherlands Marine radar Caruthers et al., NORDA Aerial photos Faber, Arete IR video Dugan, Arete AROSS video Satellite imagery Senet et al. GKSS, Germany Marine radar
Gotwols and Irani, “Optical determination of the phase velocity of short gravity waves,” JHU/ APL, 1980
Large array CCD cameras
Theory & simulation Test
Young, Rosenthal, Ziemer, “A three dimensional analysis of marine radar… ,” 1985
SLIDE 10
10
Satellite im age collection
AOI
etc P3 Sun 5 - 15 s 5 - 15 s 5 - 15 s P2 P1
SLIDE 11
11
I KONOS San Diego Set
Footprints Image IDs
SLIDE 12
12
I KONOS San Diego I m ages
1
SpaceImaging CARTERRA
3 4 7 8 11
SLIDE 13
13
San Diego I nlet
SLIDE 14
14
San Diego I nlet
Multi-beam ship survey
SLIDE 15
15
W K w ith 2 im ages
W K depths 1 2 8 m tiles, 2 im ages Fugro m ultibeam ship survey
SLIDE 16
16
2 vs 4 im ages
SLIDE 17
17
Com parison to USGS Chart
SLIDE 18
18
Com parison of Satellite-Based Methods
Method Type of satellite Depth accuracy Horizontal resolution
- Est. cost
$ / km -2 Turbid w aters W K Hi Res Pan or Multispectral 5 - 1 0 % 5 0 - 2 0 0 m 5 0 Yes W ave refraction SAR 3 0 % 1 km < 1 0 Yes Photo- bathym etry Hi Resolution Multispectral 5 % but biased 1 0 -3 0 m 5 0 No Currents interaction SAR 5 % 5 m 1 0 Yes
SLIDE 19
19
Gaps in W K Solutions
No waves Too deep For 128 m tiles Waves blocked by jetty Wind waves damped by kelp forest (outside figure)
SLIDE 20
20
Sum m ary
- W K bathym etry resolution – depth accuracy
Resolution Depth @ 1 0 m accuracy 250 m 4 % 125 m 6 % 50 m 10 %
- resolution proportional to depth
- accuracy also depends on num ber of im ages
- Special considerations
- requires w ind w aves
- no solution w here w aves are blocked or dam ped out
- currents, turbidity are not issues
SLIDE 21
21
Extra Slides and Backups
SLIDE 22
22
Current
SLIDE 23
23
W K com pared w ith m ultibeam
SLIDE 24
24
Reconnaissance Aircraft Photos - Movie
SLIDE 25
25
Phase Velocity
2 2 0 1 0 5
∞
Depth ( m ) Phase velocity vs w avelength and depth
SLIDE 26
26
W avelength-Depth-Speed Relationship
2 m 2 0 m 1 0 m 5 m
∞
SLIDE 27
27
San Diego Area
Depth Contours in m, 10 m increments to 200m
SLIDE 28
28