The Redevelopment of Luanda, Angola Alleviating Poverty Through Sustainable Development, Economic Growth, and Education By Tanner Kenney (Fall, 2014) TK22
Slide 1 TK22 http://www.mapsofworld.com/flags/angola-flag.html Tanner Kenney, 12/01/14
The Role of Sustainable Development in Alleviating Poverty in Major Port-Cities • “For a long time it was not a question of building the city with the port but more of building the city in the place of the port . The delocalisation of port functions several decades ago, already caused by the requirements for larger spaces, meant that wide areas of docks and quaysides no longer suitable for the requirements of port TK4 activities became available.” • “Driven by the considerable expansion of international transport, the city and the port are obliged to talk more with each other so as to live together . However much still needs to be invented in order to TK5 facilitate the integration of port functions with urban functions.”
Slide 2 TK4 Plan the City with the Port - Olivier Lemaire Tanner Kenney, 11/30/14 TK5 Plan the City with the Port - Olivier Lemaire Tanner Kenney, 11/30/14
Welcome to luanda! https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SfmB7ZCo1Y8 TK8
Slide 3 TK8 http://www.facingthestreet.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/01/Angola-map-canstockphoto3085530.jpg Tanner Kenney, 12/01/14
Statistics & Economics • Luanda is home to some of the most 1. Angola has a long history of cooperation with international impoverished people on Earth, especially institutions, both public and when considering the city’s current level of private, including: relatively advanced development. About 30% • The World Bank & The IMF of the nation lives in Luanda and of those, • Halliburton, BP, & Chevron roughly 54% live in poverty. • McKinsey & Bechtel • The city s home to roughly 2.9 million people • Deloitte & Bloomberg • Coca-Cola & Maersk • Luanda is one of the most expensive cities in 2. Originally ruled by the the world, especially for non-citizens, as Portuguese, Angola gained recent duties, tariffs, taxes have made the independence in 1975, by importation and sale of goods extremely which time most of the major expensive, as well as certain services. TK24 cities in the nation had been developed, to an extent. TK32
Slide 4 TK24 Expensive - http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2183616/Luanda-The-capital-Angola-expensive-city-world.html Exchange-rate - Tanner Kenney, 12/01/14 TK32 http://www.africanexecutive.com/modules/magazine/articles.php?article=836 Tanner Kenney, 12/01/14
Luanda’s Current Energy Picture TK30
Slide 5 TK30 http://cache2.asset-cache.net/gc/85203300-storage-depot-sonils-lda-luanda-angola-gettyimages.jpg?v=1&c=IWSAsset&k=2&d=OhHBhp%2Fy4h0Fa6QylHsdYZGNn5R99eQQPnWzHsOgS4A%3D Tanner Kenney, 12/01/14
TK15 The Future of Power Generation Throughout Angola TK9 Wind (On and Offshore; Tômbwa Township) Solar/Solar PV/CSP (All scales) Hydroelectric/hydrothermal (Cuanza Norte, pictured) Biomass (See: W-M) Geothermal(?)
Slide 6 TK9 http://www.evwind.es/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/Kenya-wind-energy-672x372.jpg Tanner Kenney, 12/01/14 TK15 http://www.macauhub.com.mo/en/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/macauhub.30.12.2013.470.jpg Tanner Kenney, 12/01/14
TK19 Transportation 1. Currently, residents of Luanda rely on various modes of personal transportation while mass-transit allows for a sustainable tourist market – TK29 • Bicycles, scooters, and motorcycles • Passenger vehicles and small SUV’s 2. Angolans spend ~6.2% of their annual income on transportation-related costs. Luanda requires major investments in the redevelopment of the sector’s existing structures as well as a redesign of mass- transportation hubs. There are several programs underway aimed at alleviating the associated concerns as well as several proposals targeting congestion and environmental concerns – 1. BRT systems 2. Higher capacity taxis 3. Street-integrated rail systems 4. Improvement and construction of additional air- and TK23 marine-based hubs (see:
Slide 7 TK19 https://neilwaltonphotography.files.wordpress.com/2012/04/luanda-angola-1.jpg Tanner Kenney, 12/01/14 TK23 http://portconsultantsrotterdam.nl/wp-content/uploads/2010/11/Luanda-Angola.jpg Tanner Kenney, 12/01/14 TK29 http://www.numbeo.com/cost-of-living/city_result.jsp?country=Angola&city=Luanda Tanner Kenney, 12/01/14
Farming – It’s Everywhere! Literally. • Produce cultivated in Luanda includes “corn, sweet potato, cassava, TK2 beans, tomatoes, onion, chilli peppers and others.” TK7 • Fruits and vegetables are grown across the province in “Hengue, TK3 Lulemba, Cacola, Mbanza Calumbo, Mateia, Kakila,” and elsewhere.
Slide 8 TK2 http://www.portalangop.co.ao/angola/en_us/noticias/economia/2014/7/35/State-roads-affects-2013-Luanda-farming-season,50ab58f4-6b7d-483b-afc8-3ad9e73575d3.html Tanner Kenney, 11/30/14 TK3 http://www.portalangop.co.ao/angola/en_us/noticias/economia/2014/7/35/State-roads-affects-2013-Luanda-farming-season,50ab58f4-6b7d-483b-afc8-3ad9e73575d3.html Tanner Kenney, 11/30/14 TK7 http://www.portalangop.co.ao/angola/en_us/noticias/economia/2014/7/35/State-roads-affects-2013-Luanda-farming-season,50ab58f4-6b7d-483b-afc8-3ad9e73575d3.html Tanner Kenney, 12/01/14
Incorporating Agriculture into Residential and Commercial Architecture as well as Infrastructure TK16 Nova Vida housing development TK17 Luanda, Angola Brooklyn Grange Brooklyn, NY Currently, Angolans spend 51.4% of their annual expenses on month-to- month rent (it costs roughly $3,100 US to rent a 1-bedroom apartment TK27 in the city’s center.
Slide 9 TK16 http://manhattanwomensclub.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/brooklyn-grange-navy-yard.jpg Tanner Kenney, 12/01/14 TK17 http://www.aurecongroup.com/~/media/Images/Aurecon/Web_structure/Projects/CDI/Nova%20Vida/Nova%20Vida%209%20963x492.JPG?mh=340&mw=665 Tanner Kenney, 12/01/14 TK27 http://www.numbeo.com/cost-of-living/city_result.jsp?country=Angola&city=Luanda Tanner Kenney, 12/01/14
TK12 TK14 Architecture & Engineering Utilizing the tools of sustainable development by installing solar panels, creating co-generation facilities, using light- colored paints for exterior and interior walls, enveloping the structures in order to maximize retention of air TK13 conditioning, and beyond.
Slide 10 TK12 http://static3.businessinsider.com/image/4e89f01aeab8eabb49000040-1200/in-luanda-a-two-bedroom-apartment-in-a-luxury-building-costs-7000-per-month-in-new-york-city-it-would-cost-4300.jpg Tanner Kenney, 12/01/14 TK13 http://gotpowered.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/maracana.jpg Tanner Kenney, 12/01/14 TK14 http://www.aurecongroup.com/~/media/Images/Aurecon/Web_structure/Projects/CDI/Nova%20Vida/Nova%20Vida%205%20963x492.JPG?mh=166&mw=325 Tanner Kenney, 12/01/14
Commercialization beyond recycling? • Waste-management in Luanda is a major issue as the city’s impoverished residents often obtain “new” goods at “junk markets” • “Sarahjane Widdowson noted that more people and organizations are taking ownership as material flows increase and the value of materials is increasingly recognized. Though, Ranjith Annepu highlighted the global nature of the question of who owns waste. Ranjith Annepu and Simon Peter Penney emphasized waste management and environmental costs should be factored into the selling prices of A “Junk Market” in products and services.” Luanda, Angola TK11 TK6
Slide 11 TK6 “Discussion Highlights: Innovative Solutions to the World’s Waste Problem” Tanner Kenney, 11/30/14 TK11 http://www.connect4climate.org/blog/discussion-highlights-innovative-solutions-to-waste-management Tanner Kenney, 12/01/14
TK18 Culture & Tourism Luanda’s culture, like many coastal African nations, has been heavily influenced by European exploration – namely the Spanish. Prior to changing its name to Luanda, Angola’s capital city was called São Paulo da Assunção de Loanda, honoring the nation’s Portuguese heritage. TK28 Tourism in Luanda has benefitted greatly from the expansion of free markets throughout Angola and has attracted a great number of visitors to the region which has provided the city’s resident’s with jobs in related economic clusters (e.g. restaurants, sports and leisure, and transportation), especially in Luanda Sul , a small strip of land just South of the city’s center where beaches and resorts attract international tourists, much like Little Havana in Miami, Florida. Currently, those who live full-time in Luanda spend roughly 10% of their annual earnings at restaurants and 6.4% on sports and recreational activities. TK26
Slide 12 TK18 Background - http://www.petrelocation.com/image/view/5342/preview Tanner Kenney, 12/01/14 TK26 http://www.numbeo.com/cost-of-living/city_result.jsp?country=Angola&city=Luanda Tanner Kenney, 12/01/14 TK28 http://www.africanexecutive.com/modules/magazine/articles.php?article=836 Tanner Kenney, 12/01/14
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