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Potential of socio-technical approaches André Calero Valdez
Industrie 4.0 The Internet of Things and Production
Pervasive digitalization Integrated cyber-physical systems
- Improved capacity utilization
- Improved cost-effectiveness
The potential of socio-technical approaches in dealing with - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
The potential of socio-technical approaches in dealing with - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
The potential of socio-technical approaches in dealing with complexity Preparing production systems for the Internet of Things Andr Calero Valdez Philipp Brauner, Martina Ziefle Industrie 4.0 The Internet of Things and Production Pervasive
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Potential of socio-technical approaches André Calero Valdez
Challenges in Industrie 4.0 What will we have to adapt to?
Transition in engineering work
- Self-optimizing, individualized, integrated processes
- Regulatory and monitoring tasks
Challenges in
- Managing knowledge
- Sharing responsibility
- Dealing with complexity
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Potential of socio-technical approaches André Calero Valdez
Socio-Technical Systems (according to Leavitt 1964) What drives a STS?
Humans and Technology
- Solve a specific task
- Mutual benefits
Quality depends on interactions of subsystems Designed features with linear cause- effect Non-designed non-linear emergent features => Complexity
Task Technology Structure/Role Actor
Technical Subsystem
Social Subsystem
Input Output
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Potential of socio-technical approaches André Calero Valdez
Complexity in Human Machine Interaction Not all complexity is created equal
Perceptual complexity
- Gestalt theory, homogeneity, simplicity, information entropy, form
complexity, visual chunking, pop-out, etc.
Task-complexity
- Multi-variate decision making, goal complexity, input complexity,
process/training, time, presentation, etc.
Cognitive complexity
- Relational knowledge (t,s,b), planning tasks, categorization, narrativity,
uncertainty, risk
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Potential of socio-technical approaches André Calero Valdez
Use Cases When does complexity matter?
Visualization of complex data (ERP)
- Monitoring tasks, multivariate tasks
- Decision-Support => Consequences
Simulation and scientific visualization
- Burden of knowledge
- High-dimensional data
Implications for UI Design Processes Associated Costs?
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Potential of socio-technical approaches André Calero Valdez
Experimental Example: Reading of numerical data Poor usability is pricey in scenarios with high complexity
5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 short (4 lines) long (8 lines) Reaction time [ms] Table length simple medium difficult 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 short (4 lines) long (8 lines) Reaction time [ms] Table length simple medium difficult
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Potential of socio-technical approaches André Calero Valdez
Addressing complexity in STS Research Framework for STS
What aspects influence complexity in Industrie 4.0?
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Potential of socio-technical approaches André Calero Valdez
Research Framework for STS What factors should we focus on?
Task domain Urgency
- Shorter Time-Frames
- Faster planning
Habituation
- Repetition frees cognitive resources
- Small changes?
Strategies
- Good strategies (best practices)
- Circumvention strategies
Task
Urgency, Habituation, Strategies
Technology
Visualization, Decision Support, Interactions
Structure/Role
Responsibility, Delegation, Communication
User
Skills, Human Factors, Diversity Understanding Design
Technical Subsystem
Social Subsystem
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Potential of socio-technical approaches André Calero Valdez
Research Framework for STS What factors should we focus on?
User domain Skills
- HR-Management of competencies
- Learning on the job
Human Factors
- Ergonomics
- Task-Fit
Diversity
- Motivation & Values
- Demographic changes
Task
Urgency, Habituation, Strategies
Technology
Visualization, Decision Support, Interactions
Structure/Role
Responsibility, Delegation, Communication
User
Skills, Human Factors, Diversity Understanding Design
Technical Subsystem
Social Subsystem
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Potential of socio-technical approaches André Calero Valdez
Research Framework for STS What factors should we focus on?
Technology domain Visualization
- Perceptual mapping
- Entropy detection & Hypothesis
generation
Decision Support
- Transparency & comprehensibility
- Trust
Interactions
- New forms of interaction
- Adaptive Interfaces
Task
Urgency, Habituation, Strategies
Technology
Visualization, Decision Support, Interactions
Structure/Role
Responsibility, Delegation, Communication
User
Skills, Human Factors, Diversity Understanding Design
Technical Subsystem
Social Subsystem
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Potential of socio-technical approaches André Calero Valdez
Research Framework for STS What factors should we focus on?
Structure domain Responsibility
- Shared between algorithm or user
- Influence on Motivation
Delegation
- Benefit trade-offs
(performance/learning)
- Adjustable complexity
Communication
- Planned, organizational development
- Ad-hoc understanding
Task
Urgency, Habituation, Strategies
Technology
Visualization, Decision Support, Interactions
Structure/Role
Responsibility, Delegation, Communication
User
Skills, Human Factors, Diversity Understanding Design
Technical Subsystem
Social Subsystem
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Potential of socio-technical approaches André Calero Valdez
Unification of four domains
Understanding Task and User Designing Technology and Structure
Task
Urgency, Habituation, Strategies
Technology
Visualization, Decision Support, Interactions
Structure/Role
Responsibility, Delegation, Communication
User
Skills, Human Factors, Diversity Understanding Design
Technical Subsystem
Social Subsystem
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Potential of socio-technical approaches André Calero Valdez
Summary Thank you very much for your attention!
Socio-technical systems
- Linear and non-linear features
Different forms of complexity
- Visual, Cognitive, Task