SLIDE 1
Study Area
Temperature Inversions in Hamilton AIRS data from GIOVANNI Results and Application
- L. Ontario
- L. Erie
Hamilton
Source: Google Maps
The Effect of Temperature Inversions on NO 2 using Temperature - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
The Effect of Temperature Inversions on NO 2 using Temperature - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
The Effect of Temperature Inversions on NO 2 using Temperature Profiles from AIRS A community level application Julie Wallace, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario Study Area Temperature Inversions in Hamilton AIRS data from GIOVANNI
SLIDE 2
SLIDE 3
Rationale - Health Concerns
Population of Hamilton 500,000 Industry + traffic => poor air quality Inversions occur frequently Respiratory diseases – common
Asthma Coughs
SLIDE 4
Temperature Inversions
Nighttime radiation inversions most common Daytime – advective, subsidence Surface or elevated
Elevated – recirculation of pollution progressively
increasing the pollutant loading over time
SLIDE 5
Niagara Escarpment
Influenced by
Niagara Escarpment
Proximity to
Great Lakes
Source: Google Maps
Niagara Escarpment
- L. Ontario
- L. Erie
SLIDE 6
Topography
Industry
SLIDE 7
Inversion – October 13, 2008
John Brannan 2008
SLIDE 8
Determining Temperature Profiles
Local meteorological
tower, 91 m high
Nearest WMO
Radiosonde Station at Buffalo International Airport -100 km south
3 air quality monitors
- Met. Tower
SLIDE 9
AIRS
Data from GIOVANNI
Ease of download and ease of use Minimal processing Limitations in horizontal and vertical resolution
AIRS Level 3, version 5 , daily AM/PM
temperature profiles 2003-2007 (1826 days)
SLIDE 10
AIRS Data
Temperature profiles up to 925 hPa level Strength of inversions
Day: 2.8 C Night: 2.4 C
PM Crossing AM Crossing 1450 valid PM profiles 1436 valid profiles Normal Inversion Normal Inversion 1120 330 1000 436
SLIDE 11
Inversion Frequency
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Results - NO2 DAYTIME
AIRS – 11% increase
LOCAL – 48% increase
SLIDE 13
NO2 - NIGHTTIME
AIRS – 49% increase
LOCAL – 40% increase
SLIDE 14
SEASONAL NO2 - DAY
AIRS
LOCAL
SLIDE 15
SEASONAL NO2 - NIGHT
AIRS
LOCAL
SLIDE 16
Wind Direction – AIRS Daytime
Normal Inversion
Long-range transport
SLIDE 17
Wind Direction - Nighttime
Normal Inversion
SLIDE 18
Health Impact Human Respiratory Response
Neutrophil cell types in respiratory tract Respond to infection and inflammation
count increases after exposure to air pollution
SLIDE 19
Human Respiratory Response
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Multivariate Statistical Regression
Coefficientsa
Model Unstandardized Coefficients t Sig. 95.0% Confidence Interval for B B
- Std. Error
Lower Bound Upper Bound Day Inversion .124 .049 2.516 .012 .027 .221
- a. Dependent Variable: Neutrophil Counts ArcSin Transformation
Controlling for age, smoking, medication,
surface temperature, humidity
SLIDE 21
Conclusions
AIRS temperature profiles useful in
assessing changes in air quality resulting from inversions
Suitable for studies of the city and
neighboring areas
Can be incorporated into health studies
SLIDE 22
References
Dragonieri S, Musti M, Izzo C, et al. Sputum induced cellularity in a group of traffic
- policemen. Sci Total Environ 2006; 367: 433-6.
Bosson J, Barath S, Pourazar J,et al. Diesel exhaust exposure enhances the ozone-
induced airway inflammation in healthy humans. Eur Respir J 2008; 31: 1234-40.
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Daytime Frequency
Day Night
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PM2.5 AIRS
DAY NIGHT
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PM2.5 MT
DAY NIGHT
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PM2.5 WIND DIRECTION
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