Sha hapi ping ng B Beh ehav avior or with th Em Emer ergi - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Sha hapi ping ng B Beh ehav avior or with th Em Emer ergi - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Sep 10, 2022 136 likes •316 views

Sha hapi ping ng B Beh ehav avior or with th Em Emer ergi ging ng Rea eal Ti Time e Tec echn hnol olog ogies es: Th The e ro role e of of The Theor ory y an and d Pr Princ ncipl ples es of of Beh Behav avior

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SLIDE 1

Sha hapi ping ng B Beh ehav avior

  • r

with th Em Emer ergi ging ng Rea eal Ti Time e Tec echn hnol

  • log
  • gies

es: Th The e ro role e of

  • f The

Theor

  • ry

y an and d Pr Princ ncipl ples es of

  • f Beh

Behav avior

  • r

Mel el Hov

  • vel

ell

with con

  • ntributi

ribution

  • ns

s from m

  • S. Hughes,

hes, N. Klepeis, peis, V. Berar ardi, di, J. Bellettiere, lettiere, S. Obayas yashi, hi, S. Liles, es,

  • T. Allen,

en, J. Jones es & M. Adams dams Society iety for Nutr trit ition ion Education cation and Behavior havior (SNEB) EB) Annual ual Conf nfer erence ence 2016

Gradu duate ate Scho hool

  • l of Public

ic Heal alth th and nd Compu putat tation ional al Scien ences es, SDSU, S San Diego,

  • , CA

July, 2016 Funding (RO1HL103684) was awarded to Principal Investigator Dr. Melbourne Hovell by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health.

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SLIDE 2

Behavior is Central

  • Lifestyles & Societal Behavior explains

more than 75% of the variance in Morbidity/premature Mortality & quality of life.

  • Principles of behavior offer guidance for

Prevention and TX.

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SLIDE 3

Why aren’t more people active?

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SLIDE 4

Behavioral Ecological Model (BEM)

  • Based on Biology/Ecology

– selection of species – selection of behavior – selection of culture

  • Based on Principles of Learning

– Contingencies of Reinforcement – Hierarchical & interacting contingencies – Meta and Macro contingencies

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SLIDE 5

Selected Principles of Behavior

  • Contingent consequences = contingencies
  • Some are reinforcing & others punishing
  • Immediate Consequences are the most powerful
  • Unpredictable consequences sustain behavior
  • Complex or high intensity behavior is established by

Shaping

  • Auto-shaping may now be possible
  • Competing contingencies weaken target behavior
  • Real time measures of target and competing

contingencies may now be possible

  • Selecting competing contingencies to be removed may

be enhanced by dynamic modeling

  • Navigation models also may be programmed
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SLIDE 6

SHS Exposure & Modeling

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SLIDE 7

The monitoring system is capable of sending the data to any computing device for easy viewing of pollution levels and contextual info

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SLIDE 8

Should I Smoke? Outside

  • r

Inside? How to Respond to Alarm? Terminate Ventilate Suppress Sound Tamper Were you reinforced or punished?

Application to PFA

No Yes Outside Inside 8

Go Outside

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SLIDE 9

Particle Concentration (Mass Average)

Effect ect of Li Light ht and Sound nd Feedbac back

Innovation for Smoke-Free Homes: Real-time Feedback, Funded by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health. R01HL103684-02 CV = Coaching Visit

Monitor in Child Rm Monitor in Main Rm

CV2 CV3 CV4 Enrolled/CV1

  • 30. Jul
  • 27. Aug

Data Missing

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SLIDE 10

Cascading & Interacting Contingencies

Parents Establish Home Bans

A

B C C

A

B B

  • Dr. provides real

time feedback Sustains smoking

  • utside the home
  • Dr. Explains Cotinine
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SLIDE 11

Social Networks Defined by Contingencies

Asthmatic Preteen Passive Exposure

Father Smoker Smoking is Macho Peer Smoking is Cool Sister Hates smoke Doctor Advises Never Smoke Uncle Smoker Hates smoke Mother smoker

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SLIDE 12

Sedentary Industries = competing contingencies Physical Activity Industries = Activity contingencies

  • Screen time, classrooms, conferences
  • Riding in cars/airplanes
  • Restaurants, etc
  • Corporations that make sports equip/clothing;

Treadmills sell PA contingencies; Governments that create running paths and walkable environments create long-lasting contingencies

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SLIDE 13

Static and Adaptive Engineering: Auto Shaping?

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SLIDE 14

BEM Hypotheses

  • Density of reinforcing contingencies predicts behavior in

individuals and populations

  • Density of competing contingencies delimits the

reinforcing function of support contingencies

  • To change and sustain health behavior it is necessary to

measure and engineer cultural contingencies supporting target behavior continuously

  • It may require elimination of competing contingencies at

the same time.

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SLIDE 15

Virtual Reality & Health Promotion

  • Animation requires $ and professional

studio talent

  • Models and interaction with life-like Avatars

* May teach skills * May translate to real life practices * Requires on-going contingencies * The Jury remains out with regard to health promotion practices.

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SLIDE 16

What We Do & Do Not Know

  • “Intensive” Counseling can be efficacious
  • VR might provide models that prompt behavior; might

enhance skills if imitated frequently; Not yet likely to change with real world conditions

  • Feedback to patients & providers might decrease SHSe

& promote PA w/o counseling

  • Auto-shaping may be possible
  • Dynamic systems must adapt to changing environments.
  • Nothing stays the same!
  • Maintenance requires dynamic changes in

contingencies.