The Effect of Facades on Outdoor Microclimate Jonathan Fox PhD Candidate Faculty of Built Environment UNSW Australia Croucher Advanced Study Institute Hong Kong 7-11 December 2015
Research Context – 2887 heatwave deaths in Australian cities 1890 - 2013 89% 93% 2050: 66% 6.3 billion 5 million current and projected 2050 Australian urban population. 2014: 54% 3.9 billion Projected Sydney population in April 2016 0.5m 1.9m 18% 19% current and projected 2055 Australian population over 85yo; projected % over 65yo and % 65yo living in cities Quantifying the impact of climate change on extreme heat in Australia by Will Steffen (Climate Council of Australia). 2015
Data Collection - instrumentation Variables Platform Sensors and Instruments 3 x net radiometers (Hukseflux NR01) • 38mm grey-globe thermometer (Pt100/RAL7001) Local • 3-axis ultrasonic anemometer (Gill WindMaster) • meteorological Shielded temp and RH sensor (Rotronic HC-S3) • parameters Barometric pressure sensor (Vaisala PTB 110) • Pyrano-albedometer (Middleton Solar SK16) • 2050: 66% 6.3 billion FLIR B335, f = 10mm, 45 o (IFOV: 2.59 mrad/pixel) • IR resolution 320 x 240 pixels (DC 2048 x 1536) • Thermal FPA uncooled microbolometer: 7.5 – 13 μ m 2014: 54% 3.9 billion • IR accuracy: ±2°C or 2% of reading • IR sensitivity: 0.05°C @ +30°C • Tetracam ADC multispectral camera • 3.2 megapixel CMOS sensor 2048 x 1536 pixels Spectral • 3 wavebands 0.52-0.90 μ m (Red: 0.52 - 0.60 μ m: • albedo Green: 0.63 - 0.69 μ m; NIR 0.76 - 0.90 μ m) f = 8mm (IFOV: 0.54 mrad/pixel) •
Study Areas – Sydney Case Study Areas Sydney Latitude 33°51’ S Longitude 151°12’ E 4.76 million people in June 2013 • Population density in inner city Pyrmont/Ultimo: 14 300 p/km 2 • ABS 2013 Spatially “representative” urban and suburban canyons in metropolitan Sydney • LCZ 2 Compact Midrise H: 17.5 Ultimo W:21 C1 H/W:0.8 ABS Nearmap 17 November 2015 LCZ 4 Open highrsie H: 24.5 Zetland W:18 C2 H/W:1.3
Data Processing and Analysis – Thermal Model (F1) Georeferenced base plan . shp file 2050: 66% 6.3 billion 2014: 54% 3.9 billion Workflow Methods Orthomosaic Photogrammetry • Georeferencing ArcGIS (ArcMap) • Cell-based Spatial Analyst Tool • analysis Raster Analysis Spatial Modeling and • linear regression
Data Processing and Analysis – MRT Model (M3) 2050: 66% 6.3 billion 2014: 54% 3.9 billion Ground surface temperature 29.32 o C av 19.11.2015 9:45 ‐ 10:05am Wall surface temperature 28 o C av KENSINGTON, NSW, ‐ 33:54:16, Ground albedo ‐ 151:12:50 0.136 av 10am ‐ AZI:63 o 10am ‐ ALT:63 o
The Effect of Facades on Outdoor Microclimate Thank you ! jonathan.fox@unsw.edu.au
www.sbe2016sydney.org
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