T he Histo r ic al Co nditio ns Re po r t o f the L o we r - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

T he Histo r ic al Co nditio ns Re po r t

• f the L
• we r

Santa Cr uz Rive r

E va n Ca nfie ld Akitsu K imo to Ja c o b Prie tto Ja me s Dub o is Julia F

• nse c a

Re po rt Outline

• I

ntro duc tio n

• Wa te r
• Ge o mo rpho lo g y
• Ve g e ta tio n
• Wa te r Qua lity
• Ma c ro inve rte b ra te s
• Antic ipa te d Cha ng e s in L

SCR

– Po ssib le I

mpa c ts o f Wa te r Qua lity upg ra de s

– Po ssib le Cha ng e s in Wa te r Supply

3

ROMP I mple me nta tio n Sc he dule

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

Ina Road WRF 50 MGD Power Plant

(Ina Road WRF) Water Reclamation Campus 32 MGD Demolish existing Roger Road plant Central Laboratory (Water Reclamation Campus)

Design/Approval Construction Acceptance/Startup Testing

ADEQ Treatment Deadline Ina Road WRF – ADEQ Treatment Deadline Roger Road WRF 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

Orig in o f the Re po rt

• RF

CD Dire c to r Suza nne Shie lds a sks me to write a re po rt o n impa c t o f ROMP upg ra de s to :

– Pima Co unty wa te r supply (i.e . po te ntia l fo r

impro ve d re c ha rg e )

– RF

CD I nfra struc ture (1999 mo de ling study o f e fflue nt flo ws sa id)

• I

na to Co rta ro : 7-13 fe e t (do wnstre a m o f the I na Rd g ra de c o ntro l ha d de e p sc o ur)

• Co rta ro to Avra Va lle y: 5-7 fe e t

Go al

Re spe c t fo r the E nvir

• nme nt Go al #4:

E nsure the future o f riparian and aq uatic hab itat alo ng the e fflue nt-de pe nde nt re ac h o f the Santa Cruz Rive r

Ac tio n Plan

Re spe c t fo r the E nvir

• nme nt Pr
• gr

am #4:

‘ L

• we r Santa Cruz Rive r

Manag e me nt Plan’

(2011-2015)

Pima Co unty/City

• f T

uc so n Planning Study

Re le va nc e o f Histo ric al Co nditio ns Re po rt with Othe r E ffo rts

E PA We tland Pr

• gr

am: ‘Re viving Rive r ’

Annua l Re po rt

• f I

ndic a to rs

Re gulato r y:

Re fine the E xisting We tla nd (Ripa ria n) Pro g ra m (T itle 16.30)

Planning: De ve lopme nt of a L

• we r

Santa Cr uz Rive r Manage me nt Plan

Re po rt Outline

• I

ntro duc tio n

• Wate r
• Ge o mo rpho lo g y
• Ve g e ta tio n
• Wa te r Qua lity
• Ma c ro inve rte b ra te s
• Antic ipa te d Cha ng e s in L

SCR

– Po ssib le I

mpa c ts o f Wa te r Qua lity upg ra de s

– Po ssib le Cha ng e s in Wa te r Supply

Histo ry o f F lo w in E fflue nt De pe nde nt Re a c h

• 1973 - Disc ha rg e fro m Ro g e r c re a te s

pe re nnia l flo w a t Co rta ro g a ug e

• 1977 - Disc ha rg e fro m I

na a dds to pe re nnia l flo w a t Co rta ro g a ug e

• 1985 - Cla ssifie d a s ‘ E

fflue nt – Do minate d Wate r’ (E DW) b e c a use

• ve r 75% o f flo w in a typic a l ye a r is

e fflue nt

E fflue nt I nflo w Pe a ke d in 2002 a nd is no w de c lining

+ 757 AF Y R² = 0.843

• 714 AF

Y R² = 0.867 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 60,000 70,000 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012

Disc har ge (AF Y)

Annual E fflue nt Disc harge : 1989- 2011

Ro g e r Ro a d I na Ro a d T

• ta l 1989-2003

T

• ta l 2003-2011

T re nd 1989-2003 T re nd 2003-2011

Annua l F lo ws Gre a te r a t I na tha n T ric o Rd

20,000 40,000 60,000 80,000 100,000 120,000 140,000 160,000 180,000 200,000 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Disc ha rg e (AF Y)

Annual Me an Disc har ge : 1991- 2011 Co rta ro Ro a d T ric o Ro a d

F ra c tio n o f E fflue nt Disc ha rg e to Annua l F lo w

0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 3.50 4.00 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 Fractional Discharge (AFY/AFY)

Fractional Annual Discharge: 1991-2011 (Lower Santa Cruz River/Total Effluent) Cortaro Road Trico Road

Diffe re nc e in Mo nthly Disc ha rg e b e twe e n Co rta ro a nd T ric o is Diminishing

1 10 100 1,000 10,000 100,000 1,000,000 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011

Disc ha rg e (AF

• month)

Monthly Disc ha rg e : T ime Se rie s (1990- 2011)

Co rta ro Ro a d T ric o Ro a d

1 10 100 1000 10000 100000 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 Dishcarge (cfs) Day of Year

Mean Daily Discharge: 1993 Cortaro 1993 Trico 1993

1 10 100 1000 10000 100000 50 100 150 200 250 300 350

Dishc a rg e (c fs) Da y of Ye a r

Me an Daily Disc har ge : 2006

Co rta ro 2006 T ric o 2006

Sa tura te d Hydra ulic Co nduc tivity (K s) De c line s with T ime Sinc e L a st Ma jo r Sto rm

L a c he r, L a ure l J. (1996) PhD Disse rta tio n, De pa rtme nt o f Hydro lo g y a nd Wa te r Re so urc e s, Unive rsity o f Arizo na .

Numb e r o f E ve nts E xc e e ding 2000 c fs Da ily Disc ha rg e (5-yr pe rio ds)

Annua l L

• sse s Ha ve Be e n De c re a sing

diffe re nc e b e twe e n flo w a t Co rta ro a nd T ric o g e tting sma lle r

• 2000 AF

Y R² = 0.794 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 60,000 70,000 80,000 90,000 100,000 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012

L

• ss (AF

Y)

Annual L

• sse s: 1991- 2011

Re po rt Outline

• I

ntro duc tio n

• Wa te r
• Ge omor

phology

• Ve g e ta tio n
• Wa te r Qua lity
• Ma c ro inve rte b ra te s
• Antic ipa te d Cha ng e s in L

SCR

– Po ssib le I

mpa c ts o f Wa te r Qua lity upg ra de s

– Po ssib le Cha ng e s in Wa te r Supply

Major Change s (Re d):

Sa nde rs- Avra Va lle y (2) Co rta ro - Sunse t (5 a nd 6)

Minor Change s (Blue ):

T ric o -Sa nde rs (1) Sunse t-Swe e twa te r (7)

E fflue nt F lo w L

• c a tio n Cha ng e

b e twe e n 1998-2011

Ma jo r L

• c a tio n Cha ng e

E fflue nt F lo w b e twe e n I na – Co rta ro

2005 2008

L a rg e Cha nne l Be d E le va tio n Cha ng e E fflue nt Cha nne l b e twe e n I na -Co rta ro

Re ac h in 2005 Re ac h in 1998 Re ac h in 2005 Re ac h in 2008

1998- 2005 2005- 2008

Mino r L

• c a tio n Cha ng e

E fflue nt F lo w b e twe e n Sunse t- Swe e twa te r

• Mino r L
• c atio n Chang e b ut Re la tive ly De e p

E ro sio n/ De po sitio n

L a rg e Cha nne l Be d E le va tio n Cha ng e E fflue nt Cha nne l b e twe e n Sunse t- Swe e twa te r

1998- 2005 2005- 2008

Sma ll Cha nne l Be d E le va tio n Cha ng e E fflue nt Cha nne l b e twe e n T ric o - Sa nde rs

∗ Mino r L

• c atio n Chang e

∗ Sha llo w E

ro sio n/ De po sitio n

1998- 2005 2005- 2008

Re po rt Outline

• I

ntro duc tio n

• Wa te r
• Ge o mo rpho lo g y
• Ve ge tation
• Wa te r Qua lity
• Ma c ro inve rte b ra te s
• Antic ipa te d Cha ng e s in L

SCR

– Po ssib le I

mpa c ts o f Wa te r Qua lity upg ra de s

– Po ssib le Cha ng e s in Wa te r Supply

Ve g e ta tio n – the Go o d

• T
• da y the pro je c t re a c h suppo rts so me o f

the mo st e xte nsive and pro duc tive we tland plant c o mmunitie s in Pima Co unty, a nd the struc ture a nd c o mpo sitio n o f the pla nt c o mmunitie s in the flo o dpla in c o mpa re s fa vo ra b ly to o the r so uthe rn Arizo na va lle y b o tto m stre a ms.

• Go rma lly (2002) fo und tha t e fflue nt is

a sso c ia te d with inc re ase d plant dive rsity, ric hne ss, c o ve r and inc ide nc e o f e xo tic plants re lative to e phe me ral re ac he s.

Ve g e ta tio n – the Ba d

• Ma uz (2002) fo und tha t ab o ut half the

spe c ie s ide ntifie d in 1909 have b e e n e xtirpate d. Na tive flo o dpla in g ra sse s a re ne a rly a b se nt.

• Se ve ra l pla nt c o mmunitie s suc h a s So no ran

c o tto nwo o d-willo w and me sq uite fo re sts, and saltb ush de se rt sc rub have b e e n dispro po rtio nate ly diminishe d in a re a l e xte nt b y histo ric la nd use a nd wa te r re so urc e use a lo ng the L SCR.

Re po rt Outline

• I

ntro duc tio n

• Wa te r
• Ge o mo rpho lo g y
• Ve g e ta tio n
• Wate r

Quality

• Ma c ro inve rte b ra te s
• Antic ipa te d Cha ng e s in L

SCR

– Po ssib le I

mpa c ts o f Wa te r Qua lity upg ra de s

– Po ssib le Cha ng e s in Wa te r Supply

Histo ric a l Da ta Use d in Re po rt

Pa ra me te rs RWRD Da ta ADE Q Da ta Sodium

x x

Ca lc ium

x x

Ma g ne sium

x x

Bic a rbona te

x x

Chloride

x x

Sulfa te

x x

T

• ta l Dissolve d Solid

x x

T

• ta l Kje lda hl Nitrog e n

x x

Ammonia

x x

Nitra te a nd Nitrite

x x

T

• ta l Phosphorus

x

Dissolve d Oxyg e n

x x

T e mpe ra ture

x

pH

x

I nc re a sing Nitra te a nd Nitrite Do wnstre a m

(a re sult o f T

K N c o nve rsio n to Nitra te a nd Nitrite )

2 4 6 8 10 12 Ro g e r WRF SC-1 SC-2 I na WRF SC-3 SC-4 SC-5 SC-6 SC-7 SC-8 SC-9 SC-10 SC-11 SC-12

Nitr ate and Nitr ite (mg/ L )

2004 2009 2010 2011

Nitro g e n Spe c ie s Disc ha rg e fro m Ro g e r Rd

T

• ta l Disso lve d So lids in L

SCR (fro m ADE Q site ne a r Co rta ro Rd)

100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 Aug -86 Aug -87 Aug -88 Aug -89 Aug -90 Aug -91 Aug -92 Aug -93 Aug -94 Aug -95 Aug -96 Aug -97 Aug -98 Aug -99 Aug -00 Aug -01 Aug -02 Aug -03 Aug -04 Aug -05 Aug -06 Aug -07 Aug -08 Aug -09 Aug -10 Aug -11

T DS (mg/ L )

Dire c t De live ry o f CAP 1992-1993

I nc re a sing So dium Adso rptio n Ra tio

0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 1986-1991 1992-1993 2010-2011

Ave r a g e SAR

Re po rt Outline

• I

ntro duc tio n

• Wa te r
• Ge o mo rpho lo g y
• Ve g e ta tio n
• Wa te r Qua lity
• Mac r
• inve r

te br ate s

• Antic ipa te d Cha ng e s in L

SCR

– Po ssib le I

mpa c ts o f Wa te r Qua lity upg ra de s

– Po ssib le Cha ng e s in Wa te r Supply

‘ ..lo w spe c ie s ric hne ss c o nsiste nt with a stre am with po o r wate r q uality (ADE Q, 1990).’

• Studie s ha ve re c o g nize d a la c k o f

suita b le sub stra te fo r ma c ro inve rte b ra te s (WE RF 2000, Wa lke r e t. a l 2005)

• Wa te r q ua lity is no t c o nduc ive to a mo re

dive rse po pula tio n o f ma c ro inve rte b ra te s, spe c ific a lly:

– Hig h Ammo nia a nd T

• ta l K

je lda hl Nitro g e n

– L

• w Disso lve d Oxyg e n de c re a sing with

dista nc e fro m o utfa ll.

Re po rt Outline

• I

ntro duc tio n

• Wa te r
• Ge o mo rpho lo g y
• Ve g e ta tio n
• Wa te r Qua lity
• Ma c ro inve rte b ra te s
• Antic ipate d Change s in L

SCR – Possible Impac ts of Wate r

Quality upgr ade s

– Possible Change s in Wate r

Supply

E xpe c te d Wa te r Qua lity Cha ng e s fro m ROMP

E xisting Conc e ntra tion (mg / lite r) Antic ipa te d Conc e ntra tion (mg / lite r)

I na Rd WRF Ro g e r Rd WRF I na Rd WRF Ro g e r Rd WRF

Nitrog e n

26 31 2.5 2.3

Phosphorus

3.4 4 < 1 < 1

BOD

12 10 2.4 2.7

T SS

7 16 3.1 3.3

Data So urc e : RWRD, Co mplianc e and Re g ulato ry Affairs Offic e , April 2011

E xpe c te d E ffe c ts o f Wa te r Qua lity Cha ng e s o n Physic a l Pro c e sse s

• Re duc tio n o f the b io tic c o mpo ne nt o f

the c lo g g ing la ye r, a nd a sso c ia te d inte rstitia l tra pping o f fine s (Ca se , 2012).

• I

nc re a se d infiltra tio n

– Mo re wa te r a va ila b ility c lo se r to po int o f

g e ne ra tio n

– L

e ss wa te r a va ila b le a t the dista l e nd o f the re a c h.

• Re duc e d b io tic c o he sio n

– L

e ss tra pping o f sma ll pa rtic le s in the sc hmutzde c ke .

– Cha ng e in se dime nt tra nspo rt c ha ra c te ristic s

• f the e fflue nt flo ws.

Po ssib le E ffe c ts o f Wa te r Qua lity Cha ng e s o n Bio ta

• Ve g e ta tio n

– Cha ng e in a c c e ss to wa te r b e c a use o f

impro ve d infiltra tio n c ha ra c te ristic s.

• Mo re ac c e ss c lo se to o utfalls
• L

e ss ac c e ss at distal e nd o f re ac he s

– Re duc e d nitro g e n lo a ding ma y c a use so me

shifts in the c o mpo sitio n o f we tla nd fo rb s.

– I

nc re a sing the sa lt lo a d ma y fa vo r ta ma risk.

• Ma c ro inve rte b ra te s

– Po ssib le inc re a se d dive rsity b e c a use o f le ss

a mmo nia , T K N, disso lve d o xyg e n a nd me a n die l disso lve d o xyg e n (Wa lke r e t a l, 2005).

2005

43

I na Ro a d WRF 24,939 AF Y Ro g e r Ro a d WRF 43,625 AF Y

Ra ndo lph Pa rk WRF 3,362 AF Y Me tro po lita n Se we r Se rvic e Are a

2005

~70,000 AF Y E fflue nt Ge ne ra te d

2030

44

Pla nt I nte rc o nne c t Ne w Wa te r Re c la ma tio n Ca mpus 35,858 AF Y I na Ro a d WRF 56,044 AF Y

Me tro po lita n Se we r Se rvic e Are a

2030

Ra ndo lph Pa rk WRF 3,362 AF Y

~95,000 AF Y E fflue nt T re a tme nt Ca pa c ity

Antic ipa te d Cha ng e s in Supply

Effluent Production at Roger and Ina WRFs PC OV TW Providers Met 28,000 AFY SAWRSA 10,000 AFY CEP 10% 90% 50% o f wha t is re c ha rg e d in ma na g e d re c ha rg e pro je c t, re c ha rg e ha s b e e n de c lining No t re a lly inte nde d fo r re sto ra tio n in L SCR PC a nd a ll the pro vide rs ha ve pla ns to use e fflue nt (T W sa ys a ll b y 2020) a nd e fflue nt ha s b e e n de c lining

Que stio ns?