[PPT] - SURFACE, CLIMATE AND UPPER-AIR OBSERVATIONS & TRAINING PowerPoint Presentation

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SURFACE, CLIMATE AND UPPER-AIR OBSERVATIONS & TRAINING OBSERVATIONS & TRAINING SYSTEM IN PAKISTAN

MUHAMMAD TOUSEEF ALAM

Director

Pakistan Meteorological Department

http://www.pakmet.com.pk http://www.pakmet.com.pk E‐mail : touseefalam@yahoo.com

JMA/WMO WORKSHOP ON QUALITY MANAGEMENT IN SURFACE, CLIMATE AND UPPER-AIR OBSERVATIONS IN RA II (ASIA) Tokyo, Japan , 27-30 July 2010

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PMD PRESENT SERVICES PMD PRESENT SERVICES

Seismology Meteorology Hydrology gy Meteorology yd o ogy

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OBJECTIVES & RESPONSIBILITIES OBJECTIVES & RESPONSIBILITIES

To ensure timely issue of different types of weather/flood

forecasts, warnings and advisories to the National News Media , g and concerned functionaries.

Pakistan Meteorological Department

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OBJECTIVES & RESPONSIBILITIES OBJECTIVES & RESPONSIBILITIES

Safety of civil aviation operations, VVIP flights and

marine activities.

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OBJECTIVES & RESPONSIBILITIES OBJECTIVES & RESPONSIBILITIES

Mitigation of disasters due to Meteorological,

Hydrological & Geophysical Phenomena such as Tropical C l H R i Fl d & E th k t Cyclones, Heavy Rains, Floods & Earthquakes etc.

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OBJECTIVES & RESPONSIBILITIES OBJECTIVES & RESPONSIBILITIES

Socio-Economic Development of the country based on climatic and

agro-climatic potentials of different areas.

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ti f A i lt l P d ti it f th t b idi

Boosting-up of Agricultural Productivity of the country by providing

agromet services to the farming community.

To investigate the behavior of the atmosphere and exploiting this

g g knowledge for short and long term weather predictions.

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ORGANIZATIONAL CHART OF PAKISTAN METEOROLOGICAL DEPARTMENT

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M A I N A R E A S O F O P E R A T I O N M A I N A R E A S O F O P E R A T I O N

1. AVIATION METEOROLOGICAL SERVICES. 2 HYDRO METEOROLOGICAL SERVICES AND FLOOD FORECASTING 2. HYDRO-METEOROLOGICAL SERVICES AND FLOOD FORECASTING. 3. AGRO-METEOROLOGICAL SERVICES. 4. CLIMATOLOGICAL SERVICES. 5. GEOPHYSICAL AND SEISMOLOGICAL SERVICES. 6 WEATHER FORECASTING SERVICES TO PUBLIC THROUGH ELECTRONIC & 6. WEATHER FORECASTING SERVICES TO PUBLIC THROUGH ELECTRONIC & PRINT NEWS MEDIA. 7. ASTRONOMICAL INFORMATION SERVICES. 8. MET-FORECAST FOR MOUNTAINEERING EXPEDITION. 9. MARINE METEOROLOGICAL SERVICES.

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METEOROLOGICAL TRAINING METEOROLOGICAL TRAINING METEOROLOGICAL TRAINING METEOROLOGICAL TRAINING ACTIVITIES IN PAKISTAN ACTIVITIES IN PAKISTAN ACTIVITIES IN PAKISTAN ACTIVITIES IN PAKISTAN

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TRAININGS AT PMD TRAININGS AT PMD

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TRAININGS AT PMD TRAININGS AT PMD

INSTITUTE OF METEOROLOGY AND INSTITUTE OF METEOROLOGY AND GEOPHYSICS

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TRAININGS AT PMD TRAININGS AT PMD

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TRAININGS AT PMD TRAININGS AT PMD

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TRAININGS AT PMD TRAININGS AT PMD

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TRAININGS AT PMD TRAININGS AT PMD

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TRAININGS AT PMD TRAININGS AT PMD

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M A S T E RI NM E T E O R O L O G YP R O G R A M

TRAININGS AT PMD TRAININGS AT PMD

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TRAININGS AT PMD TRAININGS AT PMD

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TRAININGS AT PMD TRAININGS AT PMD

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The course specially meant for meteorological observer for updating & enhancing their knowledge about surface & Upper air observation.

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Training Facilities for Training Facilities for Neighbouring Developing Neighbouring Developing Countries Countries Countries Countries

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Meteorological Training Facilities for Meteorological Training Facilities for Neighbouring Developing Countries Neighbouring Developing Countries

Pakistan Meteorological Department has been extending its training facilities to the National Meteorological Services (NMSs)

f the

neighbouring countries for their capacity building through WMO Voluntary Programme. M i f thi t i i t i th Main purposes of this training course are to; improve the professional skills of Met. personnel both in theoretical and practical, collect meteorological data, operate and maintain meteorological instruments, compile and process meteorological information, undertake climatological research studies in order to assist weather forecasting tasks etc. g

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Meteorological Training Facilities for Meteorological Training Facilities for

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Neighbouring Developing Countries Neighbouring Developing Countries

For this purpose, PMD has conducted Preliminary Meteorology Courses under Basic Instruction Package Meteorology Courses under Basic Instruction Package for Met Technician Programme (BIP-MT Programme) which is equivalent to WMO level III course. This q programme was started in 2008 and 2009 at Institute of Meteorology & geophysics, Karachi. The third such training course is recently commenced and is in progress at IMG, Karachi.

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Meteorological Training Facilities for Meteorological Training Facilities for

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g g g g Neighbouring Developing Countries Neighbouring Developing Countries

In 2008 ten trainees ( 2 each from Bangladesh, Maldives, Sri Lanka, Bhutan and Nepal ) had attended the training

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Meteorological Training Facilities for Meteorological Training Facilities for

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Neighbouring Developing Countries Neighbouring Developing Countries

I 2009 l t i ( 2 h f B l d h M S i L k In 2009 eleven trainees ( 2 each from Bangladesh, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Bhutan and Nepal & one from Afghanistan) had attended the training

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Meteorological Training Facilities for Meteorological Training Facilities for Neighbouring Developing Countries Neighbouring Developing Countries Neighbouring Developing Countries Neighbouring Developing Countries

At present, 10 trainees ( two each from Bangladesh, Nepal, three from Bhutan and three from Sri Lanka ) are attending the training this year.

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PERSONS TRAINED UPTO 2009 PERSONS TRAINED UPTO 2009 PERSONS TRAINED UPTO 2009 PERSONS TRAINED UPTO 2009 PERSONS TRAINED UPTO 2009 PERSONS TRAINED UPTO 2009

( Year by Year )

TOTAL 3980

PERSONS TRAINED UPTO 2009 PERSONS TRAINED UPTO 2009

( Year by Year )

TOTAL 3980 TOTAL: 3980 TOTAL: 3980 300 200 250 150 200 50 100 1954 1959 1964 1969 1974 1979 1984 1989 1994 1999 2004 2009

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INSTITUTE OF METEOROLOGY AND GEOPHYSICS INSTITUTE OF METEOROLOGY AND GEOPHYSICS

Training received by Departmental & other Training received by Departmental & other

rganization

2000 2500 1500 2000 500 1000 500 Departmental Defence Foreign Others Departmental (2330) Defence (1430) Foreign (183) Others (37)

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INSTITUTE OF METEOROLOGY AND GEOPHYSICS INSTITUTE OF METEOROLOGY AND GEOPHYSICS

Courses conducted up to 2009 Courses conducted up to 2009 p

120

A : Initial Met. Course (58) B : Preliminary Met Course (70)

80 100

C : Basic Forecasting Course (38) D : Advance Met. Course (01) E S i l S i l C (08)

60 80

E : Special Seismology Course (08) F : Special Advance Course (17) For Air Force Personnel

20 40

G : Primary Met Course (PAF) (11) H : Higher Primary Met Course (02) I O h S i l C (103)

A B C D E F G H I

I : Other Special Courses (103) Total : 309 Course Total : 309 Course

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INSTITUTE OF METEOROLOGY AND GEOPHYSICS INSTITUTE OF METEOROLOGY AND GEOPHYSICS

Persons Trained in each course up to 2009 Persons Trained in each course up to 2009

1200 A : Initial Met. Course (650) B : Preliminary Met Course (889) 800 1000 y ( ) C : Basic Forecasting Course (514) D : Advance Met. Course (14) E : Special Seismology Course (39) 400 600 E : Special Seismology Course (39) F : Special Advance Course (254) For Air Fore Personnel 200 400 G : Primary Met Course (PAF) (286) H : Other Special Courses (1143) I : Post Graduate Diploma in ( 9) A B C D E F G H I p ( ) Meteorology Total : 3950 Persons Total : 3950 Persons

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Extreme weather events Extreme weather events Extreme weather events Extreme weather events

 Highest recorded temperature 53 0 °C at  Highest recorded temperature 53.0

C at

TURBAT on July 3, 2002.

 Lowest recorded temperature -24.1 °C at

SKARDU on Jan ar 1 1995 SKARDU on January 1. 1995.

591 9

 Heaviest rainfall in a day 591.9 mm at

ISLAMABAD on July 24, 2001.

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SURFACE SURFACE RBSN, RBCN, GSN, manned stations and AWS RBSN, RBCN, GSN, manned stations and AWS

Manned RBSN RBCN GSN Manned stations AWS * b 92 55 6 50 number 92 55 6

50

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RBSN Stations RBSN Stations RBSN Stations RBSN Stations

62° E 64° E 66° E 68° E 70° E 72° E 74° E 76° E

C H I N A

Stations Network of PMD

Gupis Hunza 34° N 36° N 34° N 36° N

locations of RBSN, RBCN and GSN stations

Astore Babusar Bunji Chilas Ghari Dupatta Gilgit Muzaffarabad Rawalakot Skardu Balakot Cherat Chitral Dir Drosh Kakul Kalam Malam Jaba Parachinar Patan Saidu Sharif Murree Hill Station Peshawar Risalpur l b d Kamra Plain Station 32° N 32° N Kotli Zhob Bannu D.I.Khan Kohat Dhamial Faisalabad Islamabad Jhang Jhelum Jouharabad Lahore Mundi B.D. Mangala Mianwali Noorpurthal Sargodha Sialkot 30° N 30° N Barkhan Kalat Quetta Zhob Sibi Bahawalnagar Bhawalpur D.G.Khan Multan Okara Rafiqui Sahiwal 28° N 28° N Dalbandin Kalat Khuzdar Panjgur Nokkundi Khanpur R.Y.Khan Dadu Jacobabad Larkana Moenjodaro Padidan Rohri Sukkar

I R A N

26° N 26° N

A R A B I A N S E A

Gwadar Jiwani Lasbella Ormara Pasni Turbat Badin Chhor Dadu Hyderabad Karachi Mir Pur Khas Mithi Nawabshah Thatta 62° E 64° E 66° E 68° E 70° E 72° E 74° E 76° E 24° N 24° N

A R A B I A N S E A

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Project Components Project Components

National Drought Monitoring Regional Drought Centre g g Centre

Additional data generation

Regional Drought Centre

Resources in this project

AWS Network

in the country 45

Rain-guage stations 500

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Automation of Meteorological Observing Network

Astore Parachinar Balakot Muzaffarabad Bannu Zhob D.I.Khan Khuzdar Larkana Sibbi

Central data archiving Station Automatic Weather Stations

Nawabshah Chhor Jiwani

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UPPER AIR UPPER AIR RBSN RBCN GUAN manned stations and RBSN RBCN GUAN manned stations and RBSN, RBCN, GUAN, manned stations and RBSN, RBCN, GUAN, manned stations and automated system stations automated system stations

RBSN RBCN GUAN Manned t ti Automated t t ti stations system stations number 6 3

number 6

3

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UPPER AIR UPPER AIR RBSN RBCN GUAN manned stations and RBSN RBCN GUAN manned stations and RBSN, RBCN, GUAN, manned stations and RBSN, RBCN, GUAN, manned stations and automated system stations automated system stations

62° E 64° E 66° E 68° E 70° E 72° E 74° E 76° E

S i N k f PMD

34° N 36° N 34° N 36° N

Stations Network of PMD

(upper air)

Peshawar Sonding Observation

32° N 34 N 32° N 34 N

Sargodha Lahore

30° N 30° N

Quetta Multan

28° N 28° N

I R A N

24° N 26° N 24° N 26° N

Karachi

62° E 64° E 66° E 68° E 70° E 72° E 74° E 76° E

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Data flow to users and archives Data flow to users and archives Data flow to users and archives Data flow to users and archives

REAL TIME DATA DELAYED TIME DATA W th Ob i St ti Weather Observing Station

Scrutinizing & Varification of Data SSB, SMS, V-SAT, Telephone, Internet

National Communication Centre Regional Centre Regional Centre

Varification of Data

(Karachi) (Lahore)

National Forecasting Centres

National Climate Data Centre

(Data processing/archiving, QC, climate publications etcc.)

GTS

WMO Regional Data Hub (International Users)

GTS

Monthly CLIMAT Data Users (Climate Research, Engineering, strategic planning, etccc

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Siting and metadata Siting and metadata Siting and metadata Siting and metadata

Example of metadata:

STATION NAME KARACHI (AIRPORT) WMO NO 41780 ICAO ID OPKC ESTABLISHED 1928 LATITUDE 24° 54' N LONGITUDE 67° 08' E HEIGHT OF BAROMETER CISTERN AMSL 0073 ft (0022 m) HEIGHT OF STEVENSON SCREEN AMSL/AG 0069 ft (0021 m) , 1.2 m HEIGHT OF ANEMOMETER ABOVE GROUND 0023 ft (0007 m) ELEVATION 21 m TYPE OF STATION HILLY/PLAIN

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Quality assurance / quality control Quality assurance / quality control (real (real-

time, non

time, non-

real time)

real time)

 At the observing station, officer in-charge compares and

At the observing station, officer in charge compares and checks the data thoroughly before dissemination to National Meteorological Communication Centre. Moreover, this data is further scrutinized at Data Processing Centre If respective further scrutinized at Data Processing Centre, If respective Director of Regional Center feels any fault occurred in the equipment(s) then they send inspector to find out the cause of error(s) in the equipment(s) and inspector removes the error(s) in the equipment(s) and inspector removes the defect(s) on the spot (if any).

 QC result generally communicated via various means of

communication(s) Via phone, fax, email, SSB, VSAT etc. Fault/error may be rectified by verbal instruction to the officer Fault/error may be rectified by verbal instruction to the officer in-charge of the observatory, otherwise inspector of the respective RC visited the observatory and he takes the di l d ti remedial and necessary action.

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Statistics and applications Statistics and applications Statistics and applications Statistics and applications

Description of statistics and application for surface and upper-air

bservations are:

A ti l F t d W i i f A i ti  Aeronautical Forecast and Warning services for Aviation.  Flood Forecast and Warning Service.  Farmer's Weather Bulletins and Warning Services  Public Utility and Advisory Services in various fields of :

 Planning and Development  Town Planning  Town Planning  Construction: Road, Bridges, Aerodrome, Power Plant, Air-

conditioning etc.

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Current issues and future plan Current issues and future plan Current issues and future plan Current issues and future plan

 Expansion of more data observing network  Expansion of more data observing network.  Up gradation of existing observing stations.  Installation of more AWS.  Increase in the more observational hours

(24 observations per day) (24 observations per day).

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