Superconducting 72-pole indirect cooling 3Tesla wiggler for CLIC - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Superconducting 72-pole indirect cooling 3Tesla wiggler for CLIC - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Budker INP ANKA/KIT CERN Superconducting 72-pole indirect cooling 3Tesla wiggler for CLIC dumping ring and ANKA image beamline Shkaruba Vitaliy ( Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics) SFR-2016, Novosibirsk, Russia, 4 - 7 July 2016 Budker

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SLIDE 1

Superconducting 72-pole indirect cooling 3Tesla wiggler for CLIC dumping ring and ANKA image beamline

SFR-2016, Novosibirsk, Russia, 4 - 7 July 2016

Shkaruba Vitaliy (Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics)

Budker INP CERN ANKA/KIT

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SLIDE 2

Budker INP Storage ring, location Year Magnetic field, (BMax) Bwork, T Poles numbe r (main + side) Pole gap/bea m gap, mm Period mm LHe consumption, l/hour 3.5T wiggler BINP, Russia 1979 3.5 20 15 90 7.0T shifter PLS, Korea 1995 (7.68) 7.5 1+2 48(26)

  • 2

7.0T shifter LSU-CAMD, USA 1998 (7.55) 7.0 1+2 51(32)

  • 1.5

10.0T shifter SPring-8, Japan 2000 (10.3) 10.0 1+2 40(20)

  • 0.6

7.0T shifter BESSY-II, Germany 2000 (7.5) 7.0 1+2 52(32)

  • 0.6

7.0T shifter BESSY-II, Germany 2001 (7.5) 7.0 1+2 52(32)

  • 0.6

7.0T wiggler BESSY-II, Germany 2002 (7.67) 7.0 13 + 4 19(13) 148 0.5 3.5T wiggler ELETTRA, Italy 2002 (3.7) 3.5 45 + 4 16.5(11) 64 0.4 2.0T wiggler CLS, Canada 2005 (2.2) 2.0 61 + 2 13.5(9.5) 34 <0.03 3.5T wiggler DLS, England 2006 (3.75) 3.5 45 + 4 16.5(11) 60 <0.03 7.5T wiggler SIBERIA-2, Russia 2007 (7.7) 7.5 19 + 2 19(14) 164 <0.03 4.2T wiggler CLS, Canada 2007 (4.34) 4.2 25 + 2 14.5(10) 48 <0.03 4.2T wiggler DLS, England 2009 (4.25) 4.2 45 + 4 13.8(10) 48 <0.03 4.1T wiggler LNLS, Brazil 2009 (4.19) 4.1 31 + 4 18.4(14) 60 <0.03 2.1T wiggler ALBA-CELLS, Spain 2009 (2.27)2.1 117 + 2 12.6(8.5) 30 <0.03 4.2T wiggler AS, Australia 2012 (4.5) 4.2 59+4 15.2(10) 50.5 <0 (-0.3 atm) 7.5T wiggler CAMD LSU, USA 2013 (7.75) 7.5 11+4 25.2(15) 193.4 <0 (-0.5 atm) 2.5T wiggler KIT, Germany 2013 (2.85) 2.5 36+4 19(15) 46.9 <0 (-0.7 atm)

List of SC insertion devices fabricated by Budker INP

SFR-2016, Novosibirsk, Russia, 4 - 7 July 2016

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SLIDE 3

Budker INP Storage ring, location Magnetic field, (BMax) Bwork, T Poles number (main + side) Pole gap/beam gap, mm Period mm

Long period (High field) wigglers (B =7-7.5 T, λ ~150-200 mm): High radiated power and hard X-ray spectrum

7.0T wiggler BESSY-II, Germany (7.67) 7.0 13 + 4 19(13) 148 7.5T wiggler SIBERIA-2, Russia (7.7) 7.5 19 + 2 19(14) 164 7.5T wiggler CAMD LSU, USA (7.75) 7.5 11+4 25.2(15) 193.4

Three groups of multipole SC wigglers fabricated by Budker INP

SFR-2016, Novosibirsk, Russia, 4 - 7 July 2016

Medium period (Medium field) wigglers (B =3.5-4.2 T, λ~48-60 mm): High photon flux at 10 -100 KeV

3.5T wiggler ELETTRA, Italy (3.7) 3.5 45 + 4 16.5(11) 64 3.5T wiggler DLS, England (3.75) 3.5 45 + 4 16.5(11) 60 4.2T wiggler CLS, Canada (4.34) 4.2 25 + 2 14.5(10) 48 4.2T wiggler DLS, England (4.25) 4.2 45 + 4 13.8(10) 48 4.1T wiggler LNLS, Brazil (4.19) 4.1 31 + 4 18.4(14) 60 4.2T wiggler ASHo, Australia (4.5) 4.2 59+4 15.2(10) 50.5

Short period (Low field) wigglers (B =2-2.2 T, λ~30-34 mm): close to undulator

2.0T wiggler CLS, Canada (2.2) 2.0 61 + 2 13.5(9.5) 34 K ~6 2.1T wiggler ALBA-CELLS, Spain (2.27)2.1 117 + 2 12.6(8.5) 30 K ~ 6 2.5T wiggler KIT, Germany (2.85) 2.5 36+4 46.9 K ~ 11

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SLIDE 4

Budker INP

Photos of SC multipole wigglers fabricated by Budker INP

SFR-2016, Novosibirsk, Russia, 4 - 7 July 2016

BESS

BESSY,Germany, 2002, 17-poles,7 T ELETTRA,Italy,2002 49-pole 3.5 T CLS,Canada,2004 63-pole 2 T DLS,England,2006 49-pole 3.5 T Moscow, Siberia-2, 2007 21-pole 7.5 T CLS,Canada,2007 27- poles 4 T DLS, England,2008 49-pole 4.2 T LNLS, Brazil,2009 35-pole 4.2 T ALBA, Spain, 2010 119-pole 2.1 T AS, Australia, 2012 63-pole 4.2 T LSU-CAMD,USA, 2013 15-pole 7.5 T ANKA-CATACT, Germany, 2013, 40-pole 2.5 T

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SLIDE 5

Budker INP Storage ring, location Year Magnetic field, (BMax) Bwork, T Poles numbe r (main + side) Pole gap/bea m gap, mm Period mm LHe consumption, l/hour 3.5T wiggler BINP, Russia 1979 3.5 20 15 90

7.0T shifter PLS, Korea

1995

(7.68) 7.5 1+2 48(26)

  • 2

7.0T shifter LSU-CAMD, USA

1998

(7.55) 7.0 1+2 51(32)

  • 1.5

10.0T shifter SPring-8, Japan

2000

(10.3) 10.0 1+2 40(20)

  • 0.6

7.0T shifter BESSY-II, Germany

2000

(7.5) 7.0 1+2 52(32)

  • 0.6

7.0T shifter BESSY-II, Germany

2001

(7.5) 7.0 1+2 52(32)

  • 0.6

7.0T wiggler BESSY-II, Germany

2002

(7.67) 7.0 13 + 4 19(13) 148

0.5

3.5T wiggler ELETTRA, Italy

2002

(3.7) 3.5 45 + 4 16.5(11) 64

0.4

2.0T wiggler CLS, Canada

2005

(2.2) 2.0 61 + 2 13.5(9.5) 34

<0.03

3.5T wiggler DLS, England

2006

(3.75) 3.5 45 + 4 16.5(11) 60

<0.03

7.5T wiggler SIBERIA-2, Russia

2007

(7.7) 7.5 19 + 2 19(14) 164

<0.03

4.2T wiggler CLS, Canada

2007

(4.34) 4.2 25 + 2 14.5(10) 48

<0.03

4.2T wiggler DLS, England

2009

(4.25) 4.2 45 + 4 13.8(10) 48

<0.03

4.1T wiggler LNLS, Brazil

2009

(4.19) 4.1 31 + 4 18.4(14) 60

<0.03

2.1T wiggler ALBA-CELLS, Spain

2009

(2.27)2.1 117 + 2 12.6(8.5) 30

<0.03

4.2T wiggler AS, Australia

2012

(4.5) 4.2 59+4 15.2(10) 50.5

<0 (-0.3 atm)

7.5T wiggler CAMD LSU, USA

2013

(7.75) 7.5 11+4 25.2(15) 193.4

<0 (-0.5 atm)

2.5T wiggler KIT, Germany

2013

(2.85) 2.5 36+4 19(15) 46.9

<0 (-0.7 atm)

List of SC insertion devices fabricated by Budker INP

SFR-2016, Novosibirsk, Russia, 4 - 7 July 2016

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SLIDE 6

Budker INP

Required magnetic parameters of CLIC dumping wiggler

SFR-2016, Novosibirsk, Russia, 4 - 7 July 2016 Magnetic field 3 (2.95)* T Period 51 (51.4)* mm Magnetic gap 18 (17)* mm Beam gap 13 mm Number main poles 68 Side poles +¼,-¾, … ,+¾,-¼ *-real final parameters of BINP prototype

  • F. Antoniou; D. Schoerling et al, PRSTAB 15 (2012)
  • electron and positron beams with ultra-low

emittance due to emission of synchrotron radiation

  • 2 x 52 superconducting Damping Wigglers (DW)

for two dumping rings (DR)

  • Horizontal Normalized Emittance (target):

< 500[nm∙rad] CERN ANKA/KIT

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SLIDE 7

Budker INP

Choice between horizontal and vertical racetrack coils design

SFR-2016, Novosibirsk, Russia, 4 - 7 July 2016

Vertical racetrack coils Horizontal racetrack coils

Short SC wire is required Long SC wire is required (3-4 time more) Minimal stored magnetic energy and inductance Stored energy and inductance is more by 3 times Possibility of multi sections coils (+15% for two sections) No possibility to make multi section coils Possibility to replace of broken coils and easy mass production Need to replace the whole coils block Large number of splices for large number of poles Less number of splices

  • Cold welding connection of

SC wires (R<10-12 Ohm)

  • Comparison of one and two section

coils with identical layer numbers. Due to feeding section with different currents the field value increases by 15 % (5.2T and 4.5T)

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SLIDE 8

Budker INP

Magnetic system of CLIC dumping wiggler prototype

SFR-2016, Novosibirsk, Russia, 4 - 7 July 2016 Magnetic Field, T ≥ 3 Period, mm 51 Magnetic gap cold, mm 18 Vacuum gap cold, mm 13 Number of poles 68+4 Stored energy, kJ 60 Cold mass, kg 700 K < 16 Magnet length, mm 1836 Length flange to flange, mm 2590 Maximum ramping time, min < 5 Beam heat load (acceptable), W 50 Period for LHe refill with beam > 1 year LHe boil off for 1 quench, L < 15 Field stability for two weeks ±10-4

  • Winding geometry: horizontal racetrack
  • Wire: Nb-Ti Diam.0.85 (0.91) mm with 520A at 7T
  • Inner Section: 487A x 62 turns
  • Outer Section: (487A + 487A) x 62 turns
  • Critical curve of used SC wire at different

temperature (red). Blue dots – maximal field inside of outer and inner sections for 3.0 T magnetic field on the median plane for the wiggler period of 51 mm and the pole gap of 18 mm.

  • Two-sectional horizontal racetrack

central pole with copper heat links

  • 3D model (MERMAID

code) for optimization

  • f magnetic field of

CLIC dumping wiggler

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SLIDE 9

Budker INP

Magnetic system of CLIC dumping wiggler prototype

SFR-2016, Novosibirsk, Russia, 4 - 7 July 2016

  • Cooling concept: Main problem of indirect cooling - reliable cooling of SC coils by using only termo-

conductivity of applied materials. The coils (located in vacuum) are cooled by copper heat links from each core to copper heat distributer extended along the magnet.

  • Principal design advantage: Removing of useless vacuum

chamber (wall of helium vessel) gives the possibility to increase

  • f field level due to decreasing of the magnetic gap
  • “Open-able” design feature:
  • Easy access for large number of heat sinks (to improve cooling)

and supports of the vacuumchamber (for reliable positioning).

  • Possibility to exchange of coils and of vacuum chamber
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SLIDE 10

Budker INP

Testing of “Short prototype” CLIC wiggler with indirect cooling

SFR-2016, Novosibirsk, Russia, 4 - 7 July 2016

  • Short model (10 pairs of poles) was directly attached to 1W cooling stage of cryocooler by copper

thermal links and cooled down to ~3K for ~2 days.

  • SUMITOMO

SRDK-408 D2 1W at 4.2K

22 23 24 50 100 150 200 250 Date, (December,2012) T, K TD1 TD7 TD3, TD18-TD23, TD4 TD2, TD8-TD11 TD5, TD12-TD17, TD6
  • Temperature distribution of

indirect cooled short prototype

  • 10-pole short

prototype before assembling

  • Process of indirect cooling of

short prototype down to ~3K

  • Dependence of field level B(T) from temperature is in good agreement with

critical curve of SC wire.

  • Quenching of short prototype at different temperatures (3.7K-5.75K)
  • Maximal field of 3.3T for 3.7K.
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SLIDE 11

Budker INP

Quenching of “Full Size” prototype of CLIC wiggler

SFR-2016, Novosibirsk, Russia, 4 - 7 July 2016

  • Full size magnet was tested at liquid helium and with indirect cooling method
  • Training in liquid helium: the field level is reached to 3.2T
  • Training with indirect cooling : the field level is reached to 3.1T during ramping
  • But: No stable operation if the ramping stopped at 2.7 –3.0T. Unpredictable quenches after period from

minutes to hours uncorrelated with the magnet temperature. The quenched coils are different.

  • First quenching in Liquid Helium 4.2K:

stable 3.2T after training

  • quenching with indirect cooling:

no stable field after stopping ramping at > 2.7T

  • Second quenching in Liquid Helium 4.2K:

stable 3.2T without training

  • quenching with

indirect cooling: field > 3.1T during ramping

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SLIDE 12

Budker INP

Activities for troubleshooting of premature quenching before 3T

SFR-2016, Novosibirsk, Russia, 4 - 7 July 2016 Actions Results (stable level of magnetic field) Replace of often quenched coils 2.7T Additional heat links for interception of heat in-leaks through signal wires and elements of cryostat. Installation of additional sensors for monitoring of temperatures 2.7T Additional super-insulation at questionable places 2.8T Additional increasing of mechanical rigidity of magnet 2.8T Preventive maintenance of questionable cold welded splices 2.8T Each splice (~300) were thermally connected to heat sinks 2.8T Decrease of magnetic gap from 18 mm to 17 mm and period from 51 to 51.4 mm (additional 0.2 mm Cu-foils between the coils for cooling) (Beam gap remained required 13 mm!) ~2.95T stable at 3.1 K to 4.5 K

  • Improvement of cooling, interception of heat in-leak and removing of heating generated by current.
  • All taken actions haven't resulted in elimination of premature quenching (Max stable field was ~2.8T)
  • The decision was made: to decrease of magnetic gap from 18 mm to 17 mm (reached field ~2.95T)
  • The reason of unstable operation of indirect cooling magnet (in opposed to cooling by liquid helium)

is still not explained and remaining the subject investigation!

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SLIDE 13

Budker INP

Cryogenic system of CLIC wiggler with indirect cooling

SFR-2016, Novosibirsk, Russia, 4 - 7 July 2016

  • Cooling concept: Indirect cooling of the magnet (located in vacuum) by copper heat links

connected with copper plate along the magnet

  • The copper plate is cooled by thermo- siphon tubes with circulating helium
  • Helium is re-condenses inside of helium vessel by heat exchangers cooled by 4K stage of cryo-coolers
  • Vacuum chamber is cooled with heat links by 10 К stage of cryo-coolers. Current lead block which is

combined from HTSC and brass parts allows input current t of ~1000 A

  • Indirect cooling conception of CLIC DW cryostat
  • 3D model of indirect cooled cold mass of CLIC DW cryostat
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SLIDE 14

Budker INP

Cryogen-free precooling down with nitrogen heat pipes

SFR-2016, Novosibirsk, Russia, 4 - 7 July 2016

  • Cryostat advantage: Pre-cooling down of ~1000 kg cold mass with using of two nitrogen heat

pipes (thermo-siphon type ) as a heat conduction elements between 60K stage of the cryo-coolers (re-condensers) and the magnet.

  • Heat pipe is operated as a “thermal switch” which automatically freeze when the temperature is

dropped down to nitrogen freezing point (64K). After that thermal connection is cut of.

  • Special heaters with feedback is used to prevent anticipatory freezing of nitrogen and prolongation
  • f cooling. Maximal extracted power: ~100W for each pipe.
  • Cryogen-free cooling down and condensation of He gas
  • It takes ~5 days to cool down the magnet down

to LHe temperature. Then wiggler can operate without any service during some years.

  • Cooled lower end of

nitrogen heat pipe (magnet)

  • Overall view of nitrogen

heat pipe (re-condenser)

  • Cooling upper end of nitrogen heat

pipe (60K cryo-cooler stage)

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SLIDE 15

Budker INP

Cryogenic system performance

SFR-2016, Novosibirsk, Russia, 4 - 7 July 2016

  • The minimal temperature reaches ~3K on the magnet and ~10K on the beam pipe
  • In the damping rings the heat load from synchrotron radiation on beam pipe from upstream wigglers

expected up to ~50W

  • So heat load test with ~90W was conducted by simulation of heating using resistive heaters attached

to the beam pipe

  • The temperature was stabilized at ~100 K at beam pipe and ~5K at the magnet (with full field and

without quench)

  • Temperature on beam pipe and on magnet during of heat

load test. (A. Bernhard et al, ProcIPAC-2016)

  • Temperature distribution of indirect cooled CLIC

dumping wiggler prototype (the field of 2.9T )

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SLIDE 16

Budker INP

Current status and conclusions

SFR-2016, Novosibirsk, Russia, 4 - 7 July 2016

  • CLIC damping wiggler prototype with indirect cooling was successfully

installed and commissioned in ANKA storage ring on 2016 Feb.

  • The wiggler will be used for ANKA image beamline and for testing as

dumping wiggler prototype for CERN.

  • Now wiggler is under study of effects on the beam dynamics
  • The maximum field amplitude reached during ramping was 3.2 T, both in

the bath cryostat and in the wiggler’s own cryostat

  • But the stable field is limited to 2.95 T during long operation. The physical

reason of this instability is not yet satisfactorily explained

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SLIDE 17

Budker INP

Acknowledgements

SFR-2016, Novosibirsk, Russia, 4 - 7 July 2016

BINP

  • N. Mezentsev A.Bragin, Y.Gusev, S. Khrushchev, V.

Syrovatin, O. Tarasenko, V. Tsukanov, A. Volkov, K. Zolotarev, , A.Zorin

KIT

A.Bernhard, S.Casalbuoni, A.Grau, S.Gerstl, J.Gethmann, S.Hillenbrand, E.Huttel, D.Jauregui, N.Smale

CERN

P.Ferracin, L.G.Fajardo, Y.Papaphilippou, D.Schoerling, H.Schmickler

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SLIDE 18

Budker INP SFR-2016, Novosibirsk, Russia, 4 - 7 July 2016

Thank for attention