STREAMBANK EROSION AND PREDICTION OF SUSPENDED SEDIMENT FLUX SCOTT HAMSHAW | FEBRUARY 6, 2016
MOTIVATION: CHALLENGES IN SEDIMENT STUDIES Mad River at Moretown, Vermont USGS Gauge @ Moretown - 10/31/12 USGS Gauge @ Moretown - 10/31/12 1500 1500 1500 1500 Discharge Discharge (cfs) Discharge (cfs) Turbidity (NTU) TSS (mg/l) TSS (mg/l) TSS Sample Turbidity 1000 1000 1000 1000 Discharge (cfs) Discharge (cfs) TSS (mg/l) TSS (mg/l) 500 500 500 500 0 0 0 0 10/29 12 AM 10/29 12 AM 10/29 12 PM 10/29 12 PM 10/30 12 AM 10/30 12 AM 10/30 12 PM 10/30 12 PM 10/31 12 AM 10/31 12 AM 10/31 12 PM 10/31 12 PM 11/01 12 AM 11/01 12 AM 11/01 12 PM 11/01 12 PM 11/02 12 AM 11/02 12 AM 11/02 12 PM 11/02 12 PM Time Time
CONTEXT: ESTIMATE QUANTITIES AND SOURCES OF SEDIMENT FLUX Conceptual Sediment Budget of Mad River Gravel Roads Agricultural Streambanks Winooski Fields (Forested) River Upper Basin Hillslopes Mad River Streambank /Slopes Urban/ Suburban Floodplain Deposition
THREE YEARS OF SEDIMENT MONITORING IN MAD RIVER WATERSHED Turbidity sensors to capture near real- time sediment concentration Coordination with RACC River ISCO sampling efforts and team
SEDIMENT LOAD ESTIMATION TSS (mg/L) Discharge (cfs) 1000 100 10 1 0.1 Turbidity (NTU) 10 1000 Cumulative Sediment Load (tonnes) 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 5,000 0 1-Apr 1-May 2013 1-Jun 1-Jul 1-Aug 1-Sep 1-Oct 1-Nov 1-Jun 1-Jul 1-Aug 2014 1-Sep 1-Oct Turbidity (NTU)
CHARACTERIZING SEDIMENT RESPONSE DURING STORM EVENTS Clustering of storm events using a self-organized map Inputs Outputs Discharge TSS TSS Time to Peak Clockwise Peak Discharge Counter- Clockwise Discharge Time Max Rainfall Rate Figure 8 Baseflow at Start Other . . Discharge . TSS TSS Total Load Statistical Mapping Storm Event Sediment Response Characteristics Pattern Time Discharge
PREDICTION OF SUSPENDED SEDIMENT LOAD Hierarchical ANN model uses predicted streamflows as an input to predict sediment load Inputs Output Sediment Load Suspended
FORECASTING SUSPENDED SEDIMENT LOAD Rainfall (in) 15-Min Test predictions in other similar watersheds Utilize future climate Turbidity (NTU) simulations of meteorological data Time (days)
CONTEXT: ESTIMATE QUANTITIES AND SOURCES OF SEDIMENT FLUX Conceptual Sediment Budget of Mad River Gravel Roads Agricultural Streambanks Winooski Fields (Forested) River Upper Basin Hillslopes Mad River Streambank /Slopes Urban/ Suburban Floodplain Deposition
OVER 20 KM OF RIVER CORRIDOR FLOWN WITH UAS SenseFly eBee Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS) used Six comparison sites with terrestrial LiDAR
MEASUREMENT OF BANK SURFACES USING AN UAS: ACCURACY ASSESSMENT
MEASUREMENT OF BANK SURFACES USING AN UAS: CHANGE DETECTION
PUBLICATIONS Hamshaw, S.D., Dewoolkar , M., Rizzo, D.M., O’Neil -Dunne, J., Frolik, J., Bryce, T ., Engel, T . (2016). Quantifying streambank erosion: a comparative study using an unmanned aerial system (UAS) and a terrestrial laser scanner, Earth Surface Processes and Landforms (In Process) Expected Publications: Recurrent Counterpropagation Neural Network for Predicting Suspended Sediment Load in Ungauged Catchments, to be submitted to Journal of Hydrology Classification and Prediction of Event-Based Suspended Sediment Flux using Artificial Neural Networks, to be submitted to Hydrological Processes Sediment yields and storm event dynamics in the Mad River watershed, to be submitted to Journal of Hydrology Regional Studies
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This work supported by: National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship under Grant No. DGE- 0925179. Vermont EPSCoR with funds from the National Science Foundation Grant EPS- 1101317. Vermont Water Resources & Lake Studies Center Grant With additional support by: U.S. Department of Transportation Office of the Assistant Secretary for Research & Technology NSF Grant CMMI-1229045 Richard Barrett Foundation Robert & Patricia Switzer Foundation And thanks to: UVM Spatial Analysis Lab Beverley Wemple Lab Bowden Watershed Research Lab
MOTIVATION: CHALLENGES IN SEDIMENT STUDIES 12000 10000 Catchment TSS Load 8000 tonnes/km 2 6000 4000 2000 0 Folsom Freeman High Mill Brook Shepard Brook Brook Bridge Brook Brook Eric Smeltzer (unpublished 2013) Estimates of annual sediment loads for Mad River tributaries.
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