Status tus Update te Alexey Lyashen henko Incom om Inc. Incom - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Status tus Update te Alexey Lyashen henko Incom om Inc. Incom - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Producti duction on of Large e Area ea Picosecond osecond Photo to-Detec tector tors s (LAPP PPD TM TM ): ): Status tus Update te Alexey Lyashen henko Incom om Inc. Incom Inc. LAPPD, CPAD19, December 8 10, 2019, Madison, WI

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SLIDE 1

Incom Inc. LAPPD, CPAD19, December 8 – 10, 2019, Madison, WI

Producti duction

  • n of Large

e Area ea Picosecond

  • second Photo

to-Detec tector tors s (LAPP PPDTM

TM):

): Status tus Update te

Alexey Lyashen henko Incom

  • m Inc.
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SLIDE 2

Incom Inc. LAPPD, CPAD19, December 8 – 10, 2019, Madison, WI

2

Head office: 294 Southbridge Rd, Charlton MA 01507 508-909-2200 www.incomusa.com

Incom Inc.

LAPPD Manufacturing 242 Sturbridge Rd, Charlton MA 01507

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SLIDE 3

Incom Inc. LAPPD, CPAD19, December 8 – 10, 2019, Madison, WI

3

LAPPD development group:

  • A. V. Lyashenko (alyashenko@incomusa.com), B. W. Adams, M. Aviles, S. Butler, T.

Cremer, C. D. Ertley, M. R. Foley, C. J. Hamel, M. J. Minot, M. A. Popecki, T. Rivera, M. E. Stochaj, Incom Inc, Charlton, MA

  • A. U. Mane, J. W. Elam, Argonne National Laboratory
  • O. H. W. Siegmund, University of California, Berkeley
  • H. J. Frisch’s group (E. Angelico, A. Elagin, E. Spieglan), University of Chicago
  • M. Wetstein’s group, Iowa State University
  • R. Wagner, J. Xie, Argonne National Laboratory
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Incom Inc. LAPPD, CPAD19, December 8 – 10, 2019, Madison, WI

TTS 0.1nS TTS 1.28nS

  • C. Aberle et al., JINST 9 (2014), arXiv:1307.5813

Benefits of fast timing

Neutrino: High vertex resolution in large scale experiments Neutrino: More efficient background rejection 0bb decay: Directionality information

  • M. Sanchez, NUFACT2015

https://people.nscl.msu.edu/~witek/Classes/PHY802/betadecay2017a.pdf

  • M. Sanchez, NUFACT2015

Neutrino, rare decay : Precise track reconstruction

4

HEP applications: Precise TOF & PID

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SLIDE 5

Incom Inc. LAPPD, CPAD19, December 8 – 10, 2019, Madison, WI

LAPPD enabling technology: Incom MCPs

Al2O3 MgO Gain >107 Dark count rate 0.03 Hz/cm2

Gain Uniformity in 203mm X 203mm MCP

5

Glass capillary arrays functionalized in-house with ALD

MCPs Standard dimensions DIA33mm, SQ53mm, SQ60mm, SQ127mm, SQ200mm. Curved MCPs.

  • O. H. W. Siegmund et. al.,

AMOS12

Gain map high res

  • O. H. W. Siegmund et. al., SPIE Proc. 10397
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SLIDE 6

Incom Inc. LAPPD, CPAD19, December 8 – 10, 2019, Madison, WI

6

Incom MCPs

MCPs are marketed as a separate product line. Standard dimensions DIA33mm, SQ53mm, SQ60mm, SQ127mm, SQ200mm. Curved MCPs.

  • O. H. W. Siegmund, AMOS12
  • O. H. W. Siegmund, AMOS12
  • O. H. W. Siegmund et. al., SPIE Proc. 10397

Launched Dec 2018

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SLIDE 7

Incom Inc. LAPPD, CPAD19, December 8 – 10, 2019, Madison, WI

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LAPPD Basics

50Ω impedance

Typical Single PE Pulses FWHM: 1.1 nsec Rise time: 850 psec Image Courtesy Iowa State University, Matt Wetstein, ANNIE Program

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SLIDE 8

Incom Inc. LAPPD, CPAD19, December 8 – 10, 2019, Madison, WI

Baseline LAPPD features

Active area 92% Incom MCPs

  • Borosilicate Glass body
  • Borosilicate Glass window
  • 20um pore MCPs
  • QE >15% w/bi-alkali photocathode
  • Picosecond timing resolution: TTS<100pS
  • Gain >106
  • Dark Noise <1kHz/cm2 @ 200V on PC
  • mm spatial resolution
  • No photocathode degradation

23mm

8

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SLIDE 9

Incom Inc. LAPPD, CPAD19, December 8 – 10, 2019, Madison, WI

Baseline LAPPD process is well established

<1KHz/cm2

79ps with 63ps FWHM laser pulses

50ps estimated

No degradation after 8 months

9

107

Baseline LAPPD characteristics

PHD Gain Transit Time Spread Dark rate

  • A. V. Lyashenko et. al., NIMA https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2019.162834, https://arxiv.org/abs/1909.10399

200V Low TTS

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Incom Inc. LAPPD, CPAD19, December 8 – 10, 2019, Madison, WI

Baseline LAPPDs have no character

Predictable dark rate of few 100Hz/cm2 @ gain ~5*106 ensuring lowest TTS Several 100Hz/cm2 @ gain ~107

107 107 107 6*106 4*106 6*106

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SLIDE 11

Incom Inc. LAPPD, CPAD19, December 8 – 10, 2019, Madison, WI

11

Time Resolution

64 psec with 40pS FWHM laser pulses

Assuming σMeas

2

= σLAPPD

2

+ σLaserWidth

2 the extracted TTS is ~50pS

Electronics Limited

60 psec with 20pS FWHM laser pulses 79 psec with 64pS FWHM laser pulses

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SLIDE 12

Incom Inc. LAPPD, CPAD19, December 8 – 10, 2019, Madison, WI

Spatial Resolution

DRS4 waveform samplers Pulses observed at both ends of a strip. Jitter in Δt for a fixed laser position

Along a Strip

Center of Mass of five adjacent strip signals

Across Strips

FWHM 2.4mm

  • St. dev. from

linear fit 0.75mm Reconstructed position vs laser position

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Incom Inc. LAPPD, CPAD19, December 8 – 10, 2019, Madison, WI

Development of Na2KSb photocathodes: Present Status

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  • Focus on photocathode uniformity and process repeatability
  • >20% QE @ 365nm has been routinely achieved
  • Baseline process established

Mean QE 28% Mean QE 23% Mean QE 24% Mean QE 29%

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SLIDE 14

Incom Inc. LAPPD, CPAD19, December 8 – 10, 2019, Madison, WI

QE vs Wavelength

Borosilicate Window Fused Silica Window High sensitivity in the UV has been demonstrated PRELIMINARY

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SLIDE 15

Incom Inc. LAPPD, CPAD19, December 8 – 10, 2019, Madison, WI

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Linearity

Good Linearity up to counting rate of ~500KHz/cm2

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Incom Inc. LAPPD, CPAD19, December 8 – 10, 2019, Madison, WI

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LAPPD Pilot Production Status

  • Baseline LAPPD has been defined
  • 2020 Production Plan: 4 baseline LAPPDs + 2 Development LAPPDs

a month → 72 starts a year

  • Parallel operation of two Integration and Sealing systems
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SLIDE 17

Incom Inc. LAPPD, CPAD19, December 8 – 10, 2019, Madison, WI

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20 μm pores 10 μm pores 20 μm pores Conservative

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Incom Inc. LAPPD, CPAD19, December 8 – 10, 2019, Madison, WI

Goals:

  • Provide particle ID for all particles in the test-beam

facility as a permanent diagnostic tool

  • Factor of >100 improvement on present TOF

system

  • Fully characterize LAPPD sensitivity/resolution to

charged particles

Status: have measured ~1000s of charged particle events synchronized to beam spills with 2-LAPPDs, 120 channels of PSEC4 readout

LAPPD characterization in the July 2-6, 2019 Fermilab Test Beam

Acknowledging the support of the DOE, Office of HEP and Dr. Helmut Marsiske

A Collaboration between U of Chicago, FNAL, Incom Inc., and the ANNIE Program

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Incom Inc. LAPPD, CPAD19, December 8 – 10, 2019, Madison, WI

Background: Unprecedented luminosity for SoLID imposes new requirements on detector technology, trigger design and data acquisition. Goals and objective: 1. Investigate hit patterns for Cerenkov photons that belong to good particle tracks. 2. Understand how the MAPMTs and MCP-PMT/LAPPD behave in a very high-rate environment. 3. Evaluate DAQ electronics in such environment. Setup: 1. LAPPD #41 – On Loan from Incom Inc. 2. Hall C “open” environment 3. Particles: scattered electrons, photons, neutrons 4. Radiator medium: CO2 5. Trigger: scintillator & calorimeter 6. DAQ: FADC Preliminary Indications: Confirmed Cerenkov event with multiple adjacent stripline readout (Nhit = 5 or 6)

JLABs Telescope Light Gas Cerenkov for SoLID

Team: Dr. Junqi Xie, Dr. Zein-Eddine Meziani (ANL), Alexandre Camsonne, Mark Jones (JLABs), Dr. Mark Popecki, Dr. Camden Ertley (Incom Inc)

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Incom Inc. LAPPD, CPAD19, December 8 – 10, 2019, Madison, WI

GEN II LAPPD

  • A robust ceramic body
  • Capacitive signal coupling: to an external PCB anode
  • Pixelated anodes: to enable high fluence applications

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Capacitively Coupled Readout Board Sealing process established, high QE demonstrated, Baseline GEN II process is being defined 107

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SLIDE 21

Incom Inc. LAPPD, CPAD19, December 8 – 10, 2019, Madison, WI

High Resolution Imaging using GEN II LAPPD Capacitively Coupled to a Cross Delay Line Anode

200mm square cross delay line anode. X and Y delay lines are connected by through-hole-via to surface pads. (Courtesy of UC Berkeley) Preliminary high resolution image formed using a cross delay line anode capacitively coupled to GEN II LAPPD #44.

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Incom Inc. LAPPD, CPAD19, December 8 – 10, 2019, Madison, WI

Development of New 10 cm × 10 cm High Rate Picosecond Photodetector (HRPPD)

22 Feature Large Area Picosecond Photodetector (LAPPDTM) High Rate Picosecond Photodetector (HRPPD) Application Picosecond Time of Flight PET, TOF, UV Imaging Detector Size 20 cm × 20 cm 10 cm × 10 cm UHV Package Design X-Spacers window support -> creates dead zones X-Spacer free -> large effective area Window Fused Silica, B33 Glass UV Fused Silica, MgF2 λ Sensitivity 200 (300 for B33) - 600 nm 115 - 400 nm Photocathode Bialkali UV optimized Bialkali MCP Pore Size 20 µm & 10 µm 10 µm MCP Stack B-Field Optimized B-Field Optimized Anode Direct readout of thick film strips or capacitive readout with application specific patterned anode High density pixelated anode with direct or capacitive readout Lower Tile Assembly Side walls hermetically sealed to anode Side walls hermetically sealed to anode Connections Through Frit Seal -> 2 side abuttable Through anode -> 4 side abuttable with minimum dead space

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Incom Inc. LAPPD, CPAD19, December 8 – 10, 2019, Madison, WI

Current Gen-II 10 cm Detector Development

  • Scaled down Gen-II LAPPD

– no X-spacer – Smaller gap spacing – 10 or 20 µm pore MCPs

  • Intended to develop fixturing

compatible with sealing tanks and test chamber.

  • Qualify the unsupported 10 cm

window seal

  • Oversized anode to improve

connectivity and grounding

  • Will test multi-size pixelated anode

readout board (currently being designed).

HV Feedthroughs Anode Feedthroughs Ground Feedthroughs Resistive Anode

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Incom Inc. LAPPD, CPAD19, December 8 – 10, 2019, Madison, WI

Current Gen-II 10 cm Detector Development

Anode Plate Anode Plate Fritted to Sidewall First detector is expected to be sealed in 02/2019

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Incom Inc. LAPPD, CPAD19, December 8 – 10, 2019, Madison, WI

Early Adopters

  • Opinion leaders able to influence the adoption of LAPPD for established
  • r future technical programs.
  • Incom will try to support any qualified early adopter’s that are

committed to evaluate LAPPD. – Participate in an Early Adopter Workshop – Buy a Tile if you are budgeted to do so – Use a Tile on short term loan if needed to prepare a grant application for funding to purchase a tile.

  • Discussions underway to explore joining end user programs as a

collaborator or sub-contractor rather than just a vendor.

  • Revenue from the sale of tiles is used to off-set Incom’s non-

reimbursed investment not covered by grants.

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Incom Inc. LAPPD, CPAD19, December 8 – 10, 2019, Madison, WI

PI, Sponsor PROGRAM TITLE LAPPD Sales Mayly Sanchez and Matthew Wetstein, Iowa State ANNIE - Atmospheric Neutrino Neutron Interaction Experiment 4 sold, 1 on loan, 5-15 projected Erik Brubaker, Sandia National Lab/CA Neutron Imaging Camera 1 sold Henry Frisch, Evan Angelico (U of Chicago) , Sergey Nagaitsev, Petra Merkel (Fermilab) Fermilab Testbeam Facility, IOTA (Integrable Optics test Accelerator), KOTO (Rare Decays) 1 GEN II sold, 3 on loan Matthew Malek (U of Sheffield), Silvia Gambetta, Matthew Needham, Franz Muheim (U of Edinburgh), WATCHMAN, UK STFC 2 pending sale (2020 delivery) Gabriel D. Orebi Gann ( UC Berkeley) CHESS, WATCHMAN, THEIA 1 on loan Zein-eddine Meziani (JLAB), Junqi Xie (ANL) SoLID (CD0 mid-2020) 1 on loan, 10-30 projected Andrey Elagin (U of Chicago) Neutrino-less Double-Beta Decay TBD Sun Il Kwon, Simon Cherry, Stan Majewsky (UC Davis) PET 1 on loan, 1 projected Thomas Hemmick, Sanghwa Park (Stonybrook U), Mickey Chiu (BNL) Phenix Project - “eIC Fast TOF” TBD Bill Worstell (PicoRad Imaging) PET 1 projected Marc-André Tétrault (Université de Sherbrooke – Quebec) PET 1 projected Yordaka Ilieva (JLAB) eRD14 EIC PID (CD0 Dec 2019) TBD Lindley Winslow (MIT) Neutrino-less Double-Beta Decay (NuDot) TBD Andrew Brandt, Varghese Anto Chirayath (UT Arlington) Life Testing of LAPPD 1 GEN II on loan Silvia Dalla Torre (INFN Trieste) Confidential/TBD

TBD

LAPPDTM Early Adopter Programs

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Incom Inc. LAPPD, CPAD19, December 8 – 10, 2019, Madison, WI

  • One price for all buyers.
  • Low volume (1-10 units) discounts.
  • Encourages PIs to aggregate needs

within their organization, department,

  • r programs for tiles purchased,

invoiced, billed and delivered to the same address.

  • Provide visibility toward future high

volume pricing (hundreds of units, for example).

  • Full Manufacturing High Volume

Price Target = $10,000 / LAPPD.

  • 50 LAPPDs → 1.75m2 active area →

$952,400/m2

  • 100 LAPPDs → 3.5m2 active area →

$818,100/m2

# Sold Unit Price Sales 1 $ 50,000 $ 50,000 2 $ 47,044 $ 94,088 3 $ 43,440 $ 130,319 4 $ 41,461 $ 165,842 5 $ 40,111 $ 200,557 6 $ 39,095 $ 234,571 7 $ 38,284 $ 267,988 8 $ 37,611 $ 300,890 9 $ 37,038 $ 333,343 10 $ 36,540 $ 365,398 20 $ 36,100 $ 721,995 50 $ 33,334 $ 1,666,694 75 $ 30,000 $ 2,250,007 100 $ 28,633 $ 2,863,335 300 $ 27,702 $ 8,310,468 500 $ 24,414 $ 12,206,898 750 $ 23,021 $ 17,265,691 1000 $ 21,972 $ 21,972,132

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Baseline LAPPD Pricing: Available Now

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SLIDE 28

Incom Inc. LAPPD, CPAD19, December 8 – 10, 2019, Madison, WI

Summary & Conclusions

  • I. Baseline GEN I - defined and is being produced
  • A. Baseline GEN I LAPPD - Available Today!
  • Major artifacts has been resolved
  • Life Testing is on-going
  • Providing early adopters a means to explore potential of PSEC timing.
  • Present production pace is 4 LAPPDs per month (expandable with

demand)

  • B. “Typical” performances meet early adopter needs:
  • Gain >106
  • Mean QE > 20% @ 365nm >80% uniformity
  • Time Resolution < 70 Picoseconds, and mm Spatial Resolution
  • Dark rate <1000Hz/cm2 @ gain 107
  • II. Baseline GEN II – is being defined

Capacitive coupling works, ceramic package demonstrated, high QE demonstrated.

  • III. “Early Adopter” programs to make LAPPDs available for test & evaluation.

IV. Smaller format 10cm X 10cm detector is being developed

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Incom Inc. LAPPD, CPAD19, December 8 – 10, 2019, Madison, WI

Current Funding & Personnel Acknowledgements

  • DOE, DE-SC0015267, NP Phase II – “Development of Gen-II LAPPDTM Systems

For Nuclear Physics Experiments”

  • DOE DE-SC0019821, Phase I –”Development of Advanced Photocathodes for

LAPPD”

  • DOE, DE-SC0011262 Phase IIA - “Further Development of Large-Area Micro-

channel Plates for a Broad Range of Commercial Applications”

  • DOE DE-SC0017929, Phase II– “High Gain MCP ALD Film” (Alternative SEE

Materials)

  • DOE DE-SC0018778 Phase II “ALD-GCA-MCPs with Low Thermal Coefficient of

Resistance”

  • NASA 80NSSC18P2032 Phase II “Curved Microchannel Plates and Collimators

for Spaceflight Mass Spectrometers”

  • NASA Phase I “Improvement of GCA center to edge for high timing/spatial

resolution applications”

  • DOE (HEP, NP, NNSA) Personnel: Dr. Alan L. Stone, Dr. Helmut Marsiske,, Carl
  • C. Hebron, Dr. Kenneth R. Marken Jr, Dr. Michelle Shinn, Dr. Elizabeth Bartosz,
  • Dr. Gulshan Rai, Dr. Manouchehr Farkhondeh, Dr. Donald Hornback, Dr. Manny

Oliver.

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Incom Inc. LAPPD, CPAD19, December 8 – 10, 2019, Madison, WI

For more information

  • Dr. Alexey Lyashenko
  • Sr. Photodetector Research Scientist, Incom Inc.

alyashenko@incomusa.com Office: 508-909-2226

  • Dr. Michael J. Minot

Director R&D, Incom Inc. mjm@incomusa.com Office: 508-909-2369 Cell: 978-852-4942

Thank you!

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Incom Inc. LAPPD, CPAD19, December 8 – 10, 2019, Madison, WI

Selected LAPPD References & Links

  • http://www.incomusa.com/mcp-and-lappd-documents/
  • Lyashenko, Alexey et al., “Performance of Large Area Picosecond Photo-Detectors (LAPPD)” NIMA

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2019.162834, https://arxiv.org/abs/1909.10399

  • Craven, Christopher A. et al - “Recent Advances in Large Area Micro-Channel Plates and LAPPD™” TIPP’17

International Conference on Technology and Instrumentation in Particle Physics, Beijing, People’s Republic of China, May 22-26, 2017

  • Lyashenko, Alexey et al “Further progress in pilot production of Large Area Picosecond Photo-Detectors

(LAPPDTM)” New Technologies for Discovery III: The 2017 CPAD Instrumentation Frontier Workshop, University

  • f New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM October 12-14, 2017
  • Angelico, E. et al, “Capacitively coupled pickup in MCP-based photodetectors using a conductive metallic anode”,

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A 846 (2017) 75–80

  • Ertley, Camden et al, “Microchannel Plate Imaging Detectors for High Dynamic Range Applications”, IEEE

Transactions on Nuclear Science, 2017.

  • Siegmund, Oswald et al, “Microchannel plate detector technology potential for LUVOIR and HabEx”, Proceedings
  • f the SPIE, Volume 10397, id. 1039711 14 pp. (2017)
  • Siegmund, Oswald et al, “Single Photon Counting Large Format Imaging Sensors with High Spatial and Temporal

Resolution”, Proceedings of the Advanced Maui Optical and Space Surveillance (AMOS) Technologies Conference, 2017.

  • Michael J. Minot, et. al., “Pilot production and advanced development of large-area picosecond photodetectors”

SPIE 9968, Hard X-Ray, Gamma-Ray, and Neutron Detector Physics XVIII, 99680X (30 September 2016); doi: 10.1117/12.2237331

  • Adams, B.W et al. “A Brief Technical History of the large-Area Picosecond Photodetector (LAPPD)

Collaboration” - Submitted to: JINST arXiv:1603.01843 [physics.ins-det] FERMILAB-PUB-16-142-PPD, March, 2016

  • M.J. Minot, et al., Pilot production & commercialization of LAPPD™, Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics

Research A 787 (2015) 78–84 31

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Incom Inc. LAPPD, CPAD19, December 8 – 10, 2019, Madison, WI

1.000E-01 1.000E+00 1.000E+01 1.000E+02 1.000E+03 1.000E+04 1.000E+05 1.000E+06 1.000E+07 50 100 150 200 250 300 350

Resistance (Mohm) Temperature (K)

  • 1.0E-05

0.0E+00 1.0E-05 2.0E-05 3.0E-05 4.0E-05 5.0E-05 6.0E-05 7.0E-05 8.0E-05

  • 2.0E-08

0.0E+00 2.0E-08 4.0E-08 6.0E-08 8.0E-08 1.0E-07 1.2E-07 1.4E-07 1.6E-07 100 200 300 400 500 600

MCP Current (A, 150 K, 200 K) MCP Current (A)

Voltage (V)

  • 9.5

K

  • 10

K

  • 50

K

  • 75

K

  • 100

K

  • 150

K

  • 200

K

  • INCOM MCPs at cryogenic temperatures

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RRT = 200 KW

I-V curves for cryogenic temperatures

MCP current takes off indicating thermal runaway LAr LXe

T fit range: 90 to 160 K

b = - 0.07 K-1

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Incom Inc. LAPPD, CPAD19, December 8 – 10, 2019, Madison, WI

MCP chevron pair detector in cooled environment

T = -50°C T = -100°C

1300/1400V across each MCP; stack resistance: 1 GW 1200 V across each MCP, Stack resistance : 126 M Background rates: 0.35 cnts/sec/cm2 .

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