Non- E le c tric Applic a tions of Nuc le a r Powe r: Hydrog e n - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Non- E le c tric Applic a tions of Nuc le a r Powe r: Hydrog e n - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Non- E le c tric Applic a tions of Nuc le a r Powe r: Hydrog e n Produc tion Sta tus of the Sulfur- Iodine E ng ine e ring De monstra tion L oop Robe rt Buc king ha m 18 April, 2007 T he r moc he mic a l c yc le s de c ompose wa te r

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SLIDE 1

Non- E le c tric Applic a tions of Nuc le a r Powe r: Hydrog e n Produc tion Sta tus of the Sulfur- Iodine E ng ine e ring De monstra tion L

  • op

Robe rt Buc king ha m 18 April, 2007

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SLIDE 2

T he r moc he mic a l c yc le s de c ompose wa te r r a the r tha n c a r bon- ba se d fue ls to pr

  • duc e hydr
  • g e n
  • Ca rbon- ne utra l, unlike ste a m re forming of me tha ne
  • Ma ny c yc le s ha ve be e n studie d, inc luding UT
  • 3,

Ca lc ium- Bromide , a nd Sulfur- Iodine (S- I)

  • T

e mpe ra ture s a bove 800C suita ble for HT GR

  • Unit ope ra tions of hydrog e n pla nt sc a le e c onomic a lly

like a re fine ry or c he mic a l pla nt

  • S- I Cyc le inve nte d a t Ge ne ra l Atomic s in 1970’s
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SLIDE 3

De ta ils of the Sulfur- Iodine Cyc le

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SLIDE 4

T he DOE Nuc le a r Hydrog e n Initia tive ha s se le c te d the Sulfur- Iodine T he rmoc he mic a l c yc le for e a rly de monstra tion

Sulfur - Iodine Engr Demo Operational Hybrid Sulfur TC Pilot Plant Decision TC Engr Scale Integ Lab Exps HTE Pilot Plant Decision

R&D Stage High Temp Electrolysis Thermo - chemical Cycles System Interfaces and Supporting Systems

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Alternative TC cycles Cell / Stack Module Exps HTE Adv Technology HTE Engr Scale Advanced materials testing HX and Materials R&D Engr Demo Mat, IHX Support Engr Scale HX, Mat Decision Pilot Scale HX, Mat Decision 2013 2012 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Process Selection Decision Engr Demo Construction Decision

Lab Scale Exps Pilot Scale Exps Engineering Scale

Long term HX, mat’ls tests Sulfur - Iodine Engr Demo Operational Hybrid Sulfur TC Pilot Plant Decision TC Engr Scale Integ Lab Exps HTE Pilot Plant Decision

R&D Stage High Temp Electrolysis Thermo - chemical Cycles System Interfaces and Supporting Systems

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Alternative TC cycles Cell / Stack Module Exps HTE Adv Technology HTE Engr Scale Advanced materials testing HX and Materials R&D Engr Demo Mat, IHX Support Engr Scale HX, Mat Decision Pilot Scale HX, Mat Decision 2013 2012 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Process Selection Decision Engr Demo Construction Decision

Lab Scale Exps Pilot Scale Exps Engineering Scale

Long term HX, mat’ls tests

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SLIDE 5

Proje c t obje c tive s support pilot pla nt de sig n

  • Inte rna tiona l Nuc le a r E

ne rg y Re se a rc h Initia tive (INE RI) Inte g ra te d L a b- Sc a le (IL S) De monstra tion

– E ng ine e ring mate rials – E ng ine e ring pre ssure s – 100-200 standard lite rs pe r ho ur o f hydro g e n – Po ssible sc ale up to 1000 lite rs pe r ho ur

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SLIDE 6

A c lose d loop de monstra tion fa c ility is unde r c onstr uc tion a t Ge ne r a l Atomic s

  • Sa ndia Na tiona l L

a bora tory- USA

– Pro je c t le ad – Sulfuric ac id de c o mpo sitio n

  • Commissa ria t à l'E

ne rg ie Atomique - F ra nc e

– H2SO4 and HI g e ne ratio n (Bunse n re ac tio n)

  • Ge ne ra l Atomic s - USA

– F ac ility c o o rdinato r – HI de c o mpo sitio n

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SLIDE 7

Se c tion 1 (Bunse n Re a c tion) produc e s two a c id pha se s in the ma in re a c tor …

Net Reaction = SO2 + I2 + 2H2O → H2SO4 + 2HI Exothermic Reaction ΔH = -52.626 kcal/mole ΔG = -10.737 kcal/mole I2 Melting Point ~ 114oC Undesirable side reactions possible at higher temperatures, but temperatures up to 150oC are being considered 9I2 + SO2 + 16H2O → (2HI + 10H2O + 8I2) + (H2SO4 + 4H2O)

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SLIDE 8

CE A ha s c onstruc te d a Bunse n re a c tion de vic e in F ra nc e

  • E

quipme nt a sse mbly is c omple te in Ma rc oule

  • T

e sting with wa te r a nd a ir is c omple te

  • T

e sting with c he mic a ls is unde rwa y

  • E

quipme nt is sc he dule d to a rrive a t Ge ne r a l Atomic s be fore July 2007

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SLIDE 9

Se c tion 2 (sulfuric a c id de c omposition) g e ne ra te s SO2 for re turn to the Bunse n re a c tion …

Net Reaction = H2SO4 → SO2 + H2O + ½O2 SO3 is an intermediate component Acid boiling, superheating, decomposition, and heat recuperation are combined into a single unit Use of silicon carbide eliminates metal creep at high temperatures and pressure drops

heat heat Liquid acid in Annular space SO2, O2,H2O out Through inner tube

Integrated Bayonet Acid Decomposer Design Concept

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SLIDE 10

SNL ha s c onstruc te d a sulfuric a c id de c omposition de vic e in Ne w Me xic o …

  • E

quipme nt a sse mbly is c omple te in Albuque rque

  • T

e sting with wa te r a nd a ir is c omple te

  • T

e sting with c he mic a ls is c omple te

  • E

quipme nt is sc he dule d to a rrive a t Ge ne ra l Atomic s be fore Ma y 2007

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SLIDE 11

Se c tion 3 (hydriodic a c id de c omposition) g e ne ra te s the produc t hydrog e n …

Net Reaction = 2HI → H2 + I2 Iodine removed from HI/water with phosphoric acid for return to Bunsen reaction Pure HI then distilled away from water/phosphoric acid. Phosphoric acid is reconcentrated and reused. HI then decomposed over a carbon catalyst

Iodine return to Bunsen reaction Phosphoric acid to reconcentration and reuse Phosphoric acid in Iodine return to Bunsen reaction Hydrogen Product Bunsen reaction feed (HI, H2O, I2) HI Gas

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SLIDE 12

GA ha s c onstruc te d a hydriodic a c id de c omposition de vic e in Ca lifornia …

  • E

quipme nt a sse mbly is c omple te in Sa n Die g o

  • T

e sting with wa te r a nd a ir is unde rwa y

  • T

e sting with c he mic a ls is sc he dule d for Ma y, 2007

  • E

quipme nt will be inte g ra te d with othe r se c tions sta rting June , 2007

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SLIDE 13

An Inte rfa c e skid will a llow for inde pe nde nt

  • pe ra tion during sta rt- up a nd trouble shooting

Interface skid Section 1 CEA Section 3 GA Section 2 SNL

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SLIDE 14

Inte rfa c e Skid puts fluid tra nsfe r a nd stora g e c a pa bility into one loc a tion …

  • Compone nts:

–

2 HIx ta nks

–

2 I2 ta nks

–

4 wa te r ta nks

–

2 H2SO4 ta nks

  • HIx a nd I2 ta nks a r

e g la ss line d ste e l 90 L ve sse ls

  • Wate r

and H2SO4 tanks a r e pla stic 20 L ve sse ls

  • Proc e ss skids a re linke d

thr

  • ug h the inte r

fa c e skid

  • Allows inde pe nde nt skid
  • pe r

a tion dur ing sta r tup

  • Buffe r be twe e n se c tions

will e a se inte g ra tion

12 ft 6 ft 6 ft

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SLIDE 15

GA is c onstruc ting the inte rfa c e skid in Ca lifornia …

  • E

quipme nt a sse mbly is unde rwa y in Sa n Die g o

  • L

e a k te sting with wa te r a nd a ir sc he dule d for e a rly Ma y, 2007

  • Ope ra tion with c he mic a ls

is sc he dule d for la te Ma y, 2007

  • E

quipme nt will be inte g ra te d with othe r se c tions sta rting June , 2007

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SLIDE 16

GA is pre pa ring the fa c ility for the IL S …

  • Se pa ra te ve ntila tion syste ms

for e a c h skid

  • Inte g ra te d sa fe ty pla n
  • All liquid wa ste c a pture d for

disposa l, with sc rubbe rs for g a s stre a ms

  • We t c he mistry la bs for

a na lysis

  • Control room for syste m
  • pe ra tion
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SLIDE 17

In summa ry …

  • T

he Sulfur

  • Iodine E

ngine e r ing De monstr ation L

  • op c onstr

uc tion is in wor k a nd on sc he dule

  • Individua l skid te sting a nd initia l

inte g r a tion wor k thr

  • ug h 2007
  • F

ully inte g ra te d e xpe rime nta tion and ope r ation thr

  • ugh 2008
  • Pote ntia l sc a le up to 1000 lite rs pe r

hour in 2009

  • Re pr

e se nta tive s fr

  • m CE

A a nd SNL will work long - te rm a t the GA site

  • n the pr
  • je c t
  • Or

g a niza tions fr

  • m othe r

c ountr ie s inte re ste d in pa rtic ipa ting