SLIDE 1
SOURCES OF PFAAS AND PBDE EXPOSURE ON
- ST. LAWRENCE ISLAND
AK CHE 11/1015
1
PCB contamination
2 4 6 ppb ww
PCBs
PCBs US average
Gambell FUD site Savoonga
2
SOURCES OF PFAA S AND PBDE EXPOSURE ON ST. LAWRENCE ISLAND AK CHE - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
SOURCES OF PFAA S AND PBDE EXPOSURE ON ST. LAWRENCE ISLAND AK CHE - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
SOURCES OF PFAA S AND PBDE EXPOSURE ON ST. LAWRENCE ISLAND AK CHE 11/1015 1 PCB contamination PCBs 6 PCBs US average 4 ppb ww 2 0 Gambell Savoonga FUD site 2 Pesticide contamination 900 Serum Pesticide Concentrations 800 mean
SLIDE 2
SLIDE 3
Pesticide contamination
100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900
Sum-DDT Sum-Chlordane Hexachloro- benzene Mirex
ng/g lw
Serum Pesticide Concentrations mean and standard deviation Gambell Savoonga NEC military site
3
SLIDE 4
Other Sources of Exposure?
- Global transport and distillation
- Accumulation of persistent organic pollutants in the
Arctic
- Traditional diets
- Consumption of long lived and high trophic level animals
- Long heating season
- Low air exchange and potential for accumulation of
indoor pollution
4
SLIDE 5
PFAAs
Characteristics
- Utilized for a variety commercial and industrial applications
- Surfactants, stain and water proofing, cookware, food packaging,
firefighting foams
- Persistent and bioaccumulative
Health Effects
- Evidence for immunotoxicity
- Reduced Fertility
- Thyroid hormone disruption
Sources
- Diet, and indoor dust and air
Image: Wikimedia Commons PFOS-2D-skeletal.png
5
SLIDE 6
PBDES
Characteristics
- Flame retardants added to numerous consumer products: furniture, electronic,
fabric
- Persistent, bioacummulative
Health effects
- Cognitive/behavioral effects in children
- Anti-androgenic effects and reduced fertility
- Thyroid hormone disruption
Sources
- House dust and animal products in diet
Image: Wikimedia commons PBDE-209.png
SLIDE 7
Overall Study Design
Human biomonitoring Serum Samples from 86 individuals ages 18-45 ~One man and one women from each home Environmental monitoring
- Sentinel Fish
Indoor exposure
- Dust sample
from 49 homes Health outcome Thyroid hormone (f)T3, (f)T4, TSH
7
SLIDE 8
RESULTS
10 20 30 40 50 PFOA PFNA PFDA PFUnA PFHxS PFOS
ng/ml
Median and 95th percentile among Males
SLI US 10 20 30 40 50 PFOA PFNA PFDA PFUnA PFHxS PFOS
Median and 95th percentile among Females
SLI US SLI= St. Lawrence Island US= United States general population ages 18-45, 07-08 NHANES
8
SLIDE 9
Relative concentrations In Dust and Serum
10 20 30 40 50 60 70
PFPeA PFHxA PFHpA PFOA PFNA PFDA PFUnA PFDoA PFBS PFHxS PFOS
Percent Total
Dust Serum
9
SLIDE 10
20 40 60 80 100
BDE_47 BDE_99 BDE_100BDE_153BDE_183BDE_209
ng/g lipid Median and 95th percentiles among Males SLI US 20 40 60 80 100
BDE_47 BDE_99 BDE_100 BDE_153 BDE_183 BDE_209
Median and 95th percentiles among females SLI US SLI= St. Lawrence Island US= United States general population ages 20-39, 07-08 NHANES
10
SLIDE 11
Relative concentrations in Dust and Serum
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Percent Total
Dust Serum
11
SLIDE 12
Comparison by village
20 40 60 80 PBDE PFC ppb in blood
Gambell vs. Savoonga
Gambell Savoonga
12
SLIDE 13
200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1 1 1 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 ppb (ng/g) lipid weight
PBDEs in Stickleback
BDE-47 BDE-99 BDE-153 BDE-209 Total PBDE
Troutman Lake Tapi River FUD site
13
SLIDE 14
14
5 10 15 20 1 1 1 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 ppb (ng/g) wt weight
PFAAs in Stickleback
PFOA PFNA PFOS
Troutman Lake Tapi River FUD site
SLIDE 15
What have we learned so far?
Where is PBDE exposure coming from?
We think that dust is an important source of PBDEs PBDEs are present in fish on the island, and diet is probably a source of PBDEs
Where are PFAAs coming from?
We think dust a minor source of PFAAs A few PFAAs are higher on SLI than in the general US population Diet is probably an important source of PFAAs, especially PFNA and PFUNA
Stickleback data suggest both PBDEs and PFAAs are accumulating on the Island
In general, the same PBDEs and PFAAs are present in humans and stickleback
15