Soils rehabilitation with biocrusts: A review of current - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Soils rehabilitation with biocrusts: A review of current - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Nov 11, 2022 120 likes •516 views

Soils rehabilitation with biocrusts: A review of current technologies Kyle Doherty, Matthew Bowker, Anita Antoninka, Henry Grover, Kristina Young, Rebecca Durham Roadmap Intro: What are biocrusts? Advances in propagation Hardening and

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Soils rehabilitation with biocrusts: A review of current technologies

Kyle Doherty, Matthew Bowker, Anita Antoninka, Henry Grover, Kristina Young, Rebecca Durham

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Roadmap

  • Intro: What are biocrusts?
  • Advances in propagation
  • Hardening and establishment
  • Importance of timing treatments
  • Ongoing projects and future directions
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Biocrust!

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Soil Stabilization

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Carbon Nitrogen

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…but I heard they grow slowly?

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Forest and Rangeland Soil Ecology Lab Group School of Forestry

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Forest and Rangeland Soil Ecology Lab Group School of Forestry

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Propagation

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Doherty et al. 2015

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THE BRYOTRON

B

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X

Days per week hydrated 5 Populations Experiments with Syntrichia ruralis

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Effect DF F-value p-value Population 4 7.9242 <0.0001 Hydration 3 29.5009 <0.0001 Interaction 12 2.2048 0.0244

ANOVA result

(5 month exp.)

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Physiologically stressful watering Measured how many spritzes until yellowing? Pulse of mist Rapid drying <1hr Green cultivated moss Experiment performed by our technician Jeff Wright

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Yes, differential acclimation/adaptation to watering stress Prior watering from first experiment had no effect!

Effect DF F-value p-value Population 4 8.5496 4.946E-06 *** Prior Watering 3 1.4229 0.2401 Interaction 12 1.1358 0.3394

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Fire Moss

2 years post-fire

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Bryum argenteum Funaria hygrometrica Ceratodon purpureus

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Potential applications: Burned Area Emergency Response (BAER)

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Two Species Sandy or Organic Soils Ash, charcoal,

  • r both

X X

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  • 1. We can rapidly

cul8vate diverse and func8onal biocrusts from most star8ng material

  • 2. Op8mal culture

condi8ons vary depending upon the

  • rganism and system

Antoninka et al. 2015

Early on we established:

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Hardening and Field Establishment

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Maximizing field hardiness

As with nursery plants, biocrust might need some help adap7ng from the luxurious greenhouse condi7ons to the harsh field condi7ons

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How well does our inoculum survive in the field?

4 watering treatments (2,3,4,5 days con=nuous hydra=on; from Antoninka et al. 2015) Hardening for 21 days:

  • 1. Luxury (GH condi=ons, 24 hours

water)

  • 2. Full UV and 2-3 hours hydra=on
  • 3. ½ UV 2-3 hours hydra=on
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Best results with outdoor hardening and short dura1on watering during cul1va1on period

*Total cover-inoculum addi1on-cover in control plots

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Results so far:

  • 1. Jute and Straw improved

biocrust establishment

*Total cover-inoculum addi4on-cover in control plots

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Results so far:

  • 1. Jute and Straw improved

biocrust establishment

  • 2. Straw be2er for stability

*Treatment slake-control slake

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Timing

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Bandelier National Monument

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History of Bandelier National Monument, NM

Photo by NPS

Photo by Craig Allen

October 2002

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May 2015 Install plots and collect pre-treatment data July 2015 Added inoculum October 2015 1st post treatment data collec<on May 2016 2nd post-treatment data collec<on

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Results

We saw no biocrust growth 11 months a3er we applied inoculum We saw no increase in soil stability related to our treatments of flashing, slashing, and seeding We saw large seasonal changes in soil quality and stability unrelated to our treatments. This is a very dynamic system

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Future Directions

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Delivery mechanisms

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Exploring effects on vascular plants

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  • 46.68
46.70 46.72 −114.025 −114.000 −113.975

x y

10 20 30

Predicted Richness

10 20 30

Actual Richness

Modeling biocrust abundance and richness

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Fogponics

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Takeaways

  • Yes we can grow biocrust components rapidly
  • We are approaching biocrusts from a plant

materials mentality, mosses are plants too!

  • Biocrusts are essential to ecosystem function in

western US, please include them in management and funding strategies

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Acknowledgements NAU Phillip Patterson Nancy Johnson Pete Chukran Jeff Wright Troy Wood UNLV Lloyd Stark

BLM Wayne Padgett Adrienne Pilmanis ASU Ferran Garcia-Pichel Ana Giraldo Sergio Velasco-Ayuso