Social security standards Situation in ASEAN Celine Peyron Bista - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Social security standards Situation in ASEAN Celine Peyron Bista - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Social security standards Situation in ASEAN Celine Peyron Bista Chief Technical Advisor on Social Protection ILO Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific Bogor, 6 March 2017 ILOs norms for implementing the right to SS C 118 Equality of

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Social security standards Situation in ASEAN

Celine Peyron Bista Chief Technical Advisor on Social Protection ILO Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific Bogor, 6 March 2017

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ILO’s norms for implementing the right to SS

C 121 Employment Injury Benefits Convention, 1964 C 130 Medical Care and Sickness Benefits Convention, 1969 C 128 Invalidity, Old-Age and Survivors' Benefits Convention, 1967 C 183 Maternity Protection Convention, 2000 C 168 Employment Promotion and Protection against Unemployment Convention, 1988

  • R. 202 Social Protection Floors Recommendation, 2012 (No. 202)

C.102 Social Security (Minimum Standards) Convention, 1952

R67 Income Security Recommendation, 1944 R69 Medical Care Recommendation, 1944 C 118 Equality of Treatment (Social Security) Convention, 1962 C 157 Maintenance of Social Security Rights Convention, 1982

C 19 Equality of Treatment (Accident Compensation), 1925

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Convention No. 102

  • Regroups the nine classical social security contingencies into

a single comprehensive and legally binding instrument.

  • Serves as a benchmark and reference
  • Sets out principles that guide the design, financing,

governance and monitoring of national social security systems

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Guiding international principles

Universality

Entitlement to benefit by law Solidarity through collective financing

Adequacy

Predictability Social inclusion

Sustainability

Transparent and accountable management Inclusive participation

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  • 92 million do not earn enough to escape

poverty

  • Economic and social diversity
  • Common trends

The impact of the AEC  Stimulus to innovation and productivity  14 million jobs  Inequality

The ASEAN context

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http://www.social- protection.org/gimi/gess/ShowR essource.action?ressource.resso urceId=53336

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Low levels of Public Expenditure on Social Protection

Average of 4.9%

2.95 1.79 2.63 1.74 2.99 1.55 2.83 7.24 6.28 2.04 1.26 1.03 1.22 1.99 0.56 1.2 2.27 2.54 2 4 6 8 10 BRN CAM IDN LAO MYS PHL SGP THA VNM

Social protection expenditure (% GDP)

Social Protection Public Health Care

Note: The latest available data (2009 - 2012) Source: Data from ILO (2015)

A&P developing countries 5.0% Africa developing countries 5.1% Diversity between countries:

  • Thailand (9.5%) and Vietnam (8.8%)
  • Philippines (2.1%); Lao (2.9%) Cambodia 3.1%
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  • New branches
  • Increased coverage
  • Increased fiscal space (universal

schemes)

  • Better understanding of:
  • the impact of inequality
  • the costs of lack of social protection

Some progress

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Large shares of the population still excluded

Employment status in ASEAN countries Contributory schemes are not adapted Coverage of non- contributory schemes still very limited

Source: World Employment and Social Outlook, ILO, 2015

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Social Health Protection

100.0 26.1 59.0 11.6 100.0 82.0 100.0 98.0 75.0

0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0 90.0 100.0

Brunei Darussalam Cambodia Indonesia Lao PDR Malaysia Philippines Singapore Thailand Viet Nam 8.1 61.8 45.3 38.2 34.9 71.3 52 58.6 13.1 48.9

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

BRN CAM IDN LAO MYS MMR PHL SGP THA VNM

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Out-of-pocket payment out of total health expenditures Social health coverage

Four countries achieved (near) universal health Quality and access

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Social Protection for Children

  • 86% completed primary school, but child benefits

lacking behind

  • All countries have school feeding programs
  • Means-tested social assistance, coverage and

efficiency limited (exclusion errors)

  • Thailand

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Social Protection for the Working Age

Social Insurance Employer liability Work Injury 8 3 Sickness Benefit 5 7 Maternity Benefits 6 5 Unemployment benefit/ Severance payment 2 8

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  • Formal employees
  • Legal coverage for work injury varies : 7% to 88%
  • In many countries, employers’ liabilities- not adequate protection
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Social Protection for the Elderly

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  • 30% of older persons (women even lower)
  • Social pension in 6 countries (Brunei D. and Thailand, universal

coverage)

Effective coverage rate for old-age monthly pension

81.70 5.00 8.10 5.60 19.80 28.50 0.00 81.70 34.50 0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00 60.00 70.00 80.00 90.00 Brunei Darussalam Cambodia Indonesia Lao PDR Malaysia Philippines Singapore Thailand Viet Nam

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Recommendations

Extend coverage to all Strengthen tax systems Ensure redistribution through social protection Increasing compliance among SMEs, self-employed and informal economy workers Promote tripartite dialogue Vulnerable groups (women, migrant workers, people with disabilities)

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Thank you

Celine Peyron Bista ILO Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific Email: bista@ilo.org