Simulating Caustics due to Liquid-Solid Interface Menisci Eric - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Simulating Caustics due to Liquid-Solid Interface Menisci Eric - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Sep 14, 2023 430 likes •1.17k views

Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results Simulating Caustics due to Liquid-Solid Interface Menisci Eric Bourque Jean-Franois Dufort Michelle Laprade Pierre Poulin LIGUM Universit de Montral Eurographics

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SLIDE 1

Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results

Simulating Caustics due to Liquid-Solid Interface Menisci

Eric Bourque Jean-François Dufort Michelle Laprade Pierre Poulin

LIGUM Université de Montréal

Eurographics Workshop on Natural Phenomena, 2006

Bourque, Dufort, Laprade, Poulin Simulating Meniscal Caustics

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SLIDE 2

Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results

Outline

1

Introduction

2

Background

3

Modelling the Meniscus Related Work Meniscus Contour Meniscus Profile

4

Rendering Overview Direct Illumination Targeted Photons

5

Results

Bourque, Dufort, Laprade, Poulin Simulating Meniscal Caustics

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SLIDE 3

Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results

Outline

1

Introduction

2

Background

3

Modelling the Meniscus Related Work Meniscus Contour Meniscus Profile

4

Rendering Overview Direct Illumination Targeted Photons

5

Results

Bourque, Dufort, Laprade, Poulin Simulating Meniscal Caustics

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SLIDE 4

Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results Bourque, Dufort, Laprade, Poulin Simulating Meniscal Caustics

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SLIDE 5

Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results Bourque, Dufort, Laprade, Poulin Simulating Meniscal Caustics

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Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results Bourque, Dufort, Laprade, Poulin Simulating Meniscal Caustics

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Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results Bourque, Dufort, Laprade, Poulin Simulating Meniscal Caustics

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Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results Bourque, Dufort, Laprade, Poulin Simulating Meniscal Caustics

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Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results Bourque, Dufort, Laprade, Poulin Simulating Meniscal Caustics

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Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results Bourque, Dufort, Laprade, Poulin Simulating Meniscal Caustics

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Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results Bourque, Dufort, Laprade, Poulin Simulating Meniscal Caustics

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Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results Bourque, Dufort, Laprade, Poulin Simulating Meniscal Caustics

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SLIDE 13

Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results Bourque, Dufort, Laprade, Poulin Simulating Meniscal Caustics

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SLIDE 14

Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results

Outline

1

Introduction

2

Background

3

Modelling the Meniscus Related Work Meniscus Contour Meniscus Profile

4

Rendering Overview Direct Illumination Targeted Photons

5

Results

Bourque, Dufort, Laprade, Poulin Simulating Meniscal Caustics

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SLIDE 15

Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results

Molecular Forces

Thin film of denser particles Surface molecules pulled up Acute angle - higher meniscus Obtuse angle - lower meniscus Convex profile if solid repels

Bourque, Dufort, Laprade, Poulin Simulating Meniscal Caustics

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SLIDE 16

Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results

Molecular Forces

Thin film of denser particles Surface molecules pulled up Acute angle - higher meniscus Obtuse angle - lower meniscus Convex profile if solid repels

Bourque, Dufort, Laprade, Poulin Simulating Meniscal Caustics

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SLIDE 17

Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results

Molecular Forces

Thin film of denser particles Surface molecules pulled up Acute angle - higher meniscus Obtuse angle - lower meniscus Convex profile if solid repels

Bourque, Dufort, Laprade, Poulin Simulating Meniscal Caustics

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SLIDE 18

Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results

Molecular Forces

Thin film of denser particles Surface molecules pulled up Acute angle - higher meniscus Obtuse angle - lower meniscus Convex profile if solid repels

Bourque, Dufort, Laprade, Poulin Simulating Meniscal Caustics

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SLIDE 19

Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results

Molecular Forces

Thin film of denser particles Surface molecules pulled up Acute angle - higher meniscus Obtuse angle - lower meniscus Convex profile if solid repels

Bourque, Dufort, Laprade, Poulin Simulating Meniscal Caustics

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SLIDE 20

Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results Related Work Meniscus Contour Meniscus Profile

Outline

1

Introduction

2

Background

3

Modelling the Meniscus Related Work Meniscus Contour Meniscus Profile

4

Rendering Overview Direct Illumination Targeted Photons

5

Results

Bourque, Dufort, Laprade, Poulin Simulating Meniscal Caustics

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Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results Related Work Meniscus Contour Meniscus Profile

Related Work

Physics community

Modelling the meniscus for a simple object (cylinder) is very complex:

Lock 2003 Berry 1983 Huh 1969 Adler 1967

No generalisation for arbitrary intersection contours

Bourque, Dufort, Laprade, Poulin Simulating Meniscal Caustics

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Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results Related Work Meniscus Contour Meniscus Profile

Related Work

Graphics community

Manually modelled meniscus - Watt 1990 Interpolated normals of an elliptical annulus

Bourque, Dufort, Laprade, Poulin Simulating Meniscal Caustics

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Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results Related Work Meniscus Contour Meniscus Profile

We would like: arbitrary object intersections (meniscus shapes) automatic detection efficiency method to capture the lighting effects

Bourque, Dufort, Laprade, Poulin Simulating Meniscal Caustics

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Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results Related Work Meniscus Contour Meniscus Profile

We would like: arbitrary object intersections (meniscus shapes) automatic detection efficiency method to capture the lighting effects

Bourque, Dufort, Laprade, Poulin Simulating Meniscal Caustics

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Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results Related Work Meniscus Contour Meniscus Profile

We would like: arbitrary object intersections (meniscus shapes) automatic detection efficiency method to capture the lighting effects

Bourque, Dufort, Laprade, Poulin Simulating Meniscal Caustics

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SLIDE 26

Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results Related Work Meniscus Contour Meniscus Profile

We would like: arbitrary object intersections (meniscus shapes) automatic detection efficiency method to capture the lighting effects

Bourque, Dufort, Laprade, Poulin Simulating Meniscal Caustics

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Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results Related Work Meniscus Contour Meniscus Profile

Calculating the Meniscus Contour

Identify potential liquid-solid intersections (BVHs) Triangle-triangle intersection gives segments [Möller 1997] Link segments into contour polylines C Segment endpoints Pi have two normals, Nl and Ns Contour normal Nc is Ns projected onto the liquid

Bourque, Dufort, Laprade, Poulin Simulating Meniscal Caustics

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Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results Related Work Meniscus Contour Meniscus Profile

Calculating the Meniscus Contour

Identify potential liquid-solid intersections (BVHs) Triangle-triangle intersection gives segments [Möller 1997] Link segments into contour polylines C Segment endpoints Pi have two normals, Nl and Ns Contour normal Nc is Ns projected onto the liquid

Bourque, Dufort, Laprade, Poulin Simulating Meniscal Caustics

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SLIDE 29

Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results Related Work Meniscus Contour Meniscus Profile

Calculating the Meniscus Contour

Identify potential liquid-solid intersections (BVHs) Triangle-triangle intersection gives segments [Möller 1997] Link segments into contour polylines C Segment endpoints Pi have two normals, Nl and Ns Contour normal Nc is Ns projected onto the liquid

Bourque, Dufort, Laprade, Poulin Simulating Meniscal Caustics

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SLIDE 30

Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results Related Work Meniscus Contour Meniscus Profile

Calculating the Meniscus Contour

Identify potential liquid-solid intersections (BVHs) Triangle-triangle intersection gives segments [Möller 1997] Link segments into contour polylines C Segment endpoints Pi have two normals, Nl and Ns Contour normal Nc is Ns projected onto the liquid

Bourque, Dufort, Laprade, Poulin Simulating Meniscal Caustics

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SLIDE 31

Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results Related Work Meniscus Contour Meniscus Profile

Calculating the Meniscus Contour

Identify potential liquid-solid intersections (BVHs) Triangle-triangle intersection gives segments [Möller 1997] Link segments into contour polylines C Segment endpoints Pi have two normals, Nl and Ns Contour normal Nc is Ns projected onto the liquid

Bourque, Dufort, Laprade, Poulin Simulating Meniscal Caustics

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Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results Related Work Meniscus Contour Meniscus Profile

Meniscus Profile Function

We want a meniscal profile similar to analytic solution for cylindrical case

continuous limited extent contact angle fast calculation

h(d, α) = −2L π α + 2L 1 − sin dπ 2

  • d ∈ [0, 1] is the distance from the contour, α is the contact angle

Bourque, Dufort, Laprade, Poulin Simulating Meniscal Caustics

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Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results Related Work Meniscus Contour Meniscus Profile

Displaced Profile

Raised contour point will not touch the solid in general Calculate a displacement s to snap raised contour to solid

analytic solution ray-casting, sliding along the contour normal

Use flat profiles with normals from profile function

Bourque, Dufort, Laprade, Poulin Simulating Meniscal Caustics

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SLIDE 34

Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results Related Work Meniscus Contour Meniscus Profile

Displaced Profile

Raised contour point will not touch the solid in general Calculate a displacement s to snap raised contour to solid

analytic solution ray-casting, sliding along the contour normal

Use flat profiles with normals from profile function

Bourque, Dufort, Laprade, Poulin Simulating Meniscal Caustics

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SLIDE 35

Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results Related Work Meniscus Contour Meniscus Profile

Displaced Profile

Raised contour point will not touch the solid in general Calculate a displacement s to snap raised contour to solid

analytic solution ray-casting, sliding along the contour normal

Use flat profiles with normals from profile function

Bourque, Dufort, Laprade, Poulin Simulating Meniscal Caustics

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SLIDE 36

Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results Related Work Meniscus Contour Meniscus Profile

Displaced Profile

Raised contour point will not touch the solid in general Calculate a displacement s to snap raised contour to solid

analytic solution ray-casting, sliding along the contour normal

Use flat profiles with normals from profile function

Bourque, Dufort, Laprade, Poulin Simulating Meniscal Caustics

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SLIDE 37

Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results Related Work Meniscus Contour Meniscus Profile

Displaced Profile

Raised contour point will not touch the solid in general Calculate a displacement s to snap raised contour to solid

analytic solution ray-casting, sliding along the contour normal

Use flat profiles with normals from profile function

Bourque, Dufort, Laprade, Poulin Simulating Meniscal Caustics

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SLIDE 38

Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results Related Work Meniscus Contour Meniscus Profile

Displaced Profile

Raised contour point will not touch the solid in general Calculate a displacement s to snap raised contour to solid

analytic solution ray-casting, sliding along the contour normal

Use flat profiles with normals from profile function

Bourque, Dufort, Laprade, Poulin Simulating Meniscal Caustics

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Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results Related Work Meniscus Contour Meniscus Profile

Contour Tessellation

Grow a tessellated contour at regular steps d along Nc These are displaced along Nl by h(d, α)

Bourque, Dufort, Laprade, Poulin Simulating Meniscal Caustics

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Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results Related Work Meniscus Contour Meniscus Profile

Contour Tessellation

Grow a tessellated contour at regular steps d along Nc These are displaced along Nl by h(d, α)

Bourque, Dufort, Laprade, Poulin Simulating Meniscal Caustics

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Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results Related Work Meniscus Contour Meniscus Profile

Meniscus Mesh Example

Bourque, Dufort, Laprade, Poulin Simulating Meniscal Caustics

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Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results Overview Direct Illumination Targeted Photons

Outline

1

Introduction

2

Background

3

Modelling the Meniscus Related Work Meniscus Contour Meniscus Profile

4

Rendering Overview Direct Illumination Targeted Photons

5

Results

Bourque, Dufort, Laprade, Poulin Simulating Meniscal Caustics

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Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results Overview Direct Illumination Targeted Photons

Rendering

Adding the meniscus geometry leads to 3 possible illumination changes:

1

highlights on the meniscus itself

2

caustics on the intersecting solid

3

caustics on other surfaces in the scene

Bourque, Dufort, Laprade, Poulin Simulating Meniscal Caustics

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Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results Overview Direct Illumination Targeted Photons

Rendering

Adding the meniscus geometry leads to 3 possible illumination changes:

1

highlights on the meniscus itself

2

caustics on the intersecting solid

3

caustics on other surfaces in the scene

Bourque, Dufort, Laprade, Poulin Simulating Meniscal Caustics

slide-45
SLIDE 45

Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results Overview Direct Illumination Targeted Photons

Rendering

Adding the meniscus geometry leads to 3 possible illumination changes:

1

highlights on the meniscus itself

2

caustics on the intersecting solid

3

caustics on other surfaces in the scene

Bourque, Dufort, Laprade, Poulin Simulating Meniscal Caustics

slide-46
SLIDE 46

Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results Overview Direct Illumination Targeted Photons

Rendering

Adding the meniscus geometry leads to 3 possible illumination changes:

1

highlights on the meniscus itself

2

caustics on the intersecting solid

3

caustics on other surfaces in the scene

Bourque, Dufort, Laprade, Poulin Simulating Meniscal Caustics

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Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results Overview Direct Illumination Targeted Photons

Direct Illumination

Size and curvature of the meniscus can produce highlights These thin bright highlights lead to aliasing Sample the normals within the projected pixel area Approach For any eye ray which intersects the meniscus, select the polygons within a given radius and average the shading results for n randomly sampled points in the radius. Differential ray mechanism determines appropriate radius [Igehy 1999]

Bourque, Dufort, Laprade, Poulin Simulating Meniscal Caustics

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Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results Overview Direct Illumination Targeted Photons

Direct Illumination

Size and curvature of the meniscus can produce highlights These thin bright highlights lead to aliasing Sample the normals within the projected pixel area Approach For any eye ray which intersects the meniscus, select the polygons within a given radius and average the shading results for n randomly sampled points in the radius. Differential ray mechanism determines appropriate radius [Igehy 1999]

Bourque, Dufort, Laprade, Poulin Simulating Meniscal Caustics

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SLIDE 49

Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results Overview Direct Illumination Targeted Photons

Direct Illumination

Size and curvature of the meniscus can produce highlights These thin bright highlights lead to aliasing Sample the normals within the projected pixel area Approach For any eye ray which intersects the meniscus, select the polygons within a given radius and average the shading results for n randomly sampled points in the radius. Differential ray mechanism determines appropriate radius [Igehy 1999]

Bourque, Dufort, Laprade, Poulin Simulating Meniscal Caustics

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SLIDE 50

Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results Overview Direct Illumination Targeted Photons

Direct Illumination

Size and curvature of the meniscus can produce highlights These thin bright highlights lead to aliasing Sample the normals within the projected pixel area Approach For any eye ray which intersects the meniscus, select the polygons within a given radius and average the shading results for n randomly sampled points in the radius. Differential ray mechanism determines appropriate radius [Igehy 1999]

Bourque, Dufort, Laprade, Poulin Simulating Meniscal Caustics

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SLIDE 51

Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results Overview Direct Illumination Targeted Photons

Direct Illumination

Size and curvature of the meniscus can produce highlights These thin bright highlights lead to aliasing Sample the normals within the projected pixel area Approach For any eye ray which intersects the meniscus, select the polygons within a given radius and average the shading results for n randomly sampled points in the radius. Differential ray mechanism determines appropriate radius [Igehy 1999]

Bourque, Dufort, Laprade, Poulin Simulating Meniscal Caustics

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Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results Overview Direct Illumination Targeted Photons

Targeted Photons

3D area-based sample on meniscus 3D area-intensity-based sample on light source Russian roulette to treat cosine factors Visibility test by ray casting Set photon power by light PDF at light sample Surviving photons are traced as usual Their interactions are stored in the targeted photon map

Bourque, Dufort, Laprade, Poulin Simulating Meniscal Caustics

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SLIDE 53

Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results Overview Direct Illumination Targeted Photons

Targeted Photons

3D area-based sample on meniscus 3D area-intensity-based sample on light source Russian roulette to treat cosine factors Visibility test by ray casting Set photon power by light PDF at light sample Surviving photons are traced as usual Their interactions are stored in the targeted photon map

Bourque, Dufort, Laprade, Poulin Simulating Meniscal Caustics

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SLIDE 54

Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results Overview Direct Illumination Targeted Photons

Targeted Photons

3D area-based sample on meniscus 3D area-intensity-based sample on light source Russian roulette to treat cosine factors Visibility test by ray casting Set photon power by light PDF at light sample Surviving photons are traced as usual Their interactions are stored in the targeted photon map

Bourque, Dufort, Laprade, Poulin Simulating Meniscal Caustics

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SLIDE 55

Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results Overview Direct Illumination Targeted Photons

Targeted Photons

3D area-based sample on meniscus 3D area-intensity-based sample on light source Russian roulette to treat cosine factors Visibility test by ray casting Set photon power by light PDF at light sample Surviving photons are traced as usual Their interactions are stored in the targeted photon map

Bourque, Dufort, Laprade, Poulin Simulating Meniscal Caustics

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SLIDE 56

Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results Overview Direct Illumination Targeted Photons

Targeted Photons

3D area-based sample on meniscus 3D area-intensity-based sample on light source Russian roulette to treat cosine factors Visibility test by ray casting Set photon power by light PDF at light sample Surviving photons are traced as usual Their interactions are stored in the targeted photon map

Bourque, Dufort, Laprade, Poulin Simulating Meniscal Caustics

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SLIDE 57

Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results Overview Direct Illumination Targeted Photons

Targeted Photons

3D area-based sample on meniscus 3D area-intensity-based sample on light source Russian roulette to treat cosine factors Visibility test by ray casting Set photon power by light PDF at light sample Surviving photons are traced as usual Their interactions are stored in the targeted photon map

Bourque, Dufort, Laprade, Poulin Simulating Meniscal Caustics

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SLIDE 58

Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results Overview Direct Illumination Targeted Photons

Targeted Photons

3D area-based sample on meniscus 3D area-intensity-based sample on light source Russian roulette to treat cosine factors Visibility test by ray casting Set photon power by light PDF at light sample Surviving photons are traced as usual Their interactions are stored in the targeted photon map

Bourque, Dufort, Laprade, Poulin Simulating Meniscal Caustics

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SLIDE 59

Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results

Outline

1

Introduction

2

Background

3

Modelling the Meniscus Related Work Meniscus Contour Meniscus Profile

4

Rendering Overview Direct Illumination Targeted Photons

5

Results

Bourque, Dufort, Laprade, Poulin Simulating Meniscal Caustics

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Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results

Implementation Details

Implemented as plug-ins (liquid, photon map) in PBRT [Pharr 2004] Images in EXR with contrast-based tone mapping [Ward 1994] Meniscal calculation and targeted photons contribute negligibly to the rendering time

Bourque, Dufort, Laprade, Poulin Simulating Meniscal Caustics

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Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results

Photon Mapping

Without a meniscus

Bourque, Dufort, Laprade, Poulin Simulating Meniscal Caustics

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Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results

Photon Mapping

With a meniscus - no specialised sampling

Bourque, Dufort, Laprade, Poulin Simulating Meniscal Caustics

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Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results

Photon Mapping

Our simulation using targeted photons

Bourque, Dufort, Laprade, Poulin Simulating Meniscal Caustics

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Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results

Real World Example

Shadow-sausage effect

Bourque, Dufort, Laprade, Poulin Simulating Meniscal Caustics

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Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results

Real Teapot

Bourque, Dufort, Laprade, Poulin Simulating Meniscal Caustics

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Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results

Synthetic Teapot

Bourque, Dufort, Laprade, Poulin Simulating Meniscal Caustics

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Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results

Paperclip

Bourque, Dufort, Laprade, Poulin Simulating Meniscal Caustics

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Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results

Synthetic and Real Hair

Bourque, Dufort, Laprade, Poulin Simulating Meniscal Caustics

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Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results

Multiple Objects, Lights, and Wavy Water

Bourque, Dufort, Laprade, Poulin Simulating Meniscal Caustics

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Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results

Summary

automatically compute contours of arbitrary liquid-solid intersections build tessellated menisci from these contours render meniscal caustics using the targeted photon map results very similar to real-world scenes despite simplifications

Bourque, Dufort, Laprade, Poulin Simulating Meniscal Caustics

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Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results

Acknowledgements

NSERC and FQRNT for their financial support Simon Bouvier-Zappa and Yann Rousseau for their artistic endeavours Anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments

Bourque, Dufort, Laprade, Poulin Simulating Meniscal Caustics

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Introduction Background Modelling the Meniscus Rendering Results

Different Profile Functions

Bourque, Dufort, Laprade, Poulin Simulating Meniscal Caustics