SAWFLY RESISTANCE BREEDING AT CSU A NEW PROGRAM OBJECTIVE Scott D. - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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SAWFLY RESISTANCE BREEDING AT CSU A NEW PROGRAM OBJECTIVE Scott D. - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Nov 06, 2022 1.46k likes •1.69k views

SAWFLY RESISTANCE BREEDING AT CSU A NEW PROGRAM OBJECTIVE Scott D. Haley CSU Wheat Breeder Soil and Crop Sciences Department Colorado State University Fort Collins, Colorado wheat.colostate.edu Outline Realization of the problem

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SAWFLY RESISTANCE BREEDING AT CSU

A NEW PROGRAM OBJECTIVE

Scott D. Haley

CSU Wheat Breeder Soil and Crop Sciences Department Colorado State University Fort Collins, Colorado wheat.colostate.edu

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Outline

  • Realization of the problem
  • Northern Plains (MT) variety performance in

Colorado dryland variety trials

  • Variety development for Colorado
  • Bulk-population breeding (selected bulks)
  • Doubled haploid breeding
  • Field trials and observations at New Raymer CO
  • Looking toward the future
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Houston, We Have a Problem!

  • 2008, 2009 – appearance of ‘Genou’ in Wyoming

variety trials (1 bu/a higher yield than ‘Buckskin’)

  • Fall 2009 – ‘Choteau’ spring wheat put into CSU

crossing program (due to linked markers….)

  • Summer 2011 – multiple WSS observations

Ripper - worse Hatcher - better Terri’s Sweep Net

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Average Yield Reduction 18 bu/a (about 33%)

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Average Yield Reduction 8 bu/a (about 28%)

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Average Yield Reduction 12 bu/a (about 20%)

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Average Yield Reduction 15 bu/a (about 28%)

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Variety Development for Colorado

Selected-bulk breeding approach for incorporation of solid-stem trait

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Doubled haploid (DH) breeding and marker- assisted incorporation of solid-stem trait Observations from breeding trials in highly affected areas (New Raymer CO)

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Selected-bulk breeding approach for incorporation of solid-stem trait

  • Widely used by CIMMYT

for durable rust resistance

  • Solid stem parents
  • Judee
  • Bearpaw
  • Warhorse
  • MTS1024
  • Adapted parents
  • Byrd
  • Antero
  • Denali
  • New elite hard red,

hard white lines

Single backcross (SS source/Byrd//Byrd) Increase and bulk harvest BC1F1 plants Grow population in bulk single plant selection SS score >15 bulked Headrow nursery for line selection Grow population in bulk single plant selection SS score >20 advanced 2016 800 rows 2015 2014 2013 2011-12

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Doubled haploid (DH) breeding and marker- assisted incorporation of solid-stem trait

Make cross, grow F1 Pollinate with maize Treat with hormones Collect immature seeds excise embryos transfer to tissue culture Regenerate haploid plants in tissue culture Vernalize, treat with colchicine Harvest DH seed, increase Bearpaw/Byrd//Byrd AA/aa//aa Marker-assisted allele enrichment prior to DH production

(Byrd, Antero)

Aa aa 1:1 ratio DNA markers discard DH AA aa DHs produced in 1:1 ratio 1 ½ years compared to 4-5 years

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Doubled haploid (DH) breeding and marker- assisted incorporation of solid-stem trait

107 DHs advanced for testing in 2016

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Observations from breeding trials in highly affected areas (New Raymer CO)

2014 CSU Elite Trial

  • 21 locations across CO, region
  • 75 total entries, two reps
  • row-column design
  • all entries hollow stem
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Observations from breeding trials in highly affected areas (New Raymer CO)

Post-Harvest Stubble Collection Darren Cockrell 20 entries sampled

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Observations from breeding trials in highly affected areas (New Raymer CO)

2015 CSU Elite Trial

  • 23 locations across CO, region
  • 100 total entries
  • partially-replicated, row-column
  • all entries hollow stem

Sawfly infestation May 26 Metabolomics research

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Observations from breeding trials in highly affected areas (New Raymer CO)

20” rain in May Waterlogged soil, severe lodging “Our materials are not adapted here” (note in my field book) Cutting readily observable Plugs in stems

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Observations from breeding trials in highly affected areas (New Raymer CO)

Trial Heat Map Percent Infestation Trial Heat Map Grain Yield

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Observations from breeding trials in highly affected areas (New Raymer CO)

Good value Average value Poor value

  • Spatial models did not

help much for either grain yield or stem infestation

  • BLUPs (best linear

unbiased predictors) drastically shrunk toward the mean compared to BLUEs (best linear unbiased estimates, LSM)

  • But, CO11D1397 again

performed very well

  • low stem infestation
  • highest grain yield
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Looking Toward the Future

  • In Colorado, breeding is “behind the 8-ball” in terms
  • f providing meaningful solutions for affected growers
  • Status of CO11D1397 – “on-farm testing” in two

producers’ fields in 2016, three acre seed increase

  • Confirmation and elucidation of non solid-stem based

resistance in CO11D1397/CO11D1748 DH population

  • Continue with incorporation of solid-stem trait,

intercrossing of solid-stem DH derivatives

  • Genomics – gene/trait discovery for stem related

characteristics, or attractiveness, or both

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Acknowledgements

  • Mertens Family Farms
  • CSU Wheat Breeding Team
  • CSU Crops Testing Team
  • Frank Peairs
  • Darren Cockrell
  • (Terri Randolph)
  • Courtney Jahn
  • Adam Heuberger
  • Corey Broeckling
  • Paul Ode
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Questions?