How a Car City is Re inve nting Itse lf APA 2016 Na tiona l Conve ntion Se ssion - S429/ Apr il 2, 2016
Panel Sa ndra Ho ffma n, AI CP, City o f Pho e nix K a the rine J Co le s, City o f Pho e nix Jo hn Gle nn, AI A, CCBG Arc hite c ts E ric Jo hnso n, AI CP City o f Pho e nix
ReinventPHX
TOD Demand E ffic ie nc y • Infr astr uc tur e • Public Se r vic e s Changing Mar ke t Consumer Preferences • • Millenials want walkability • Boomers want shorter commutes and smaller homes • Demand growing for alternative transportation modes 4
Project Overview Map
HUD Sustainable Communities Grant Se le c te d fo r F ull F unding $2.9 millio n 4 th L a rg e st Awa rd in Na tio n
US Department of Housing & Urban Development Sustainable Communities Grant Pr oje c t T e am - Pla nning a nd De ve lo pme nt - Pub lic T ra nsit - Co mmunity a nd E c o no mic De ve lo pme nt - Pa rks a nd Re c re a tio n - Wa te r Se rvic e s - Stre e t T ra nspo rta tio n - Ne ig hb o rho o d Se rvic e s - Ho using + Community Par tne r s
US Department of Housing & Urban Development Sustainable Communities Challenge Planning Grant
Project Overview Re inve nt PHX is a c o lla b o ra tive pro je c t a ime d a t tra nsfo rming the c o mmunitie s a lo ng the lig ht ra il syste m to a mo re wa lka b le urb a n pa tte rn thro ug h T ra nsit Orie nte d De ve lo pme nt (T OD).
Project Objectives • Promote walkable communities with access to transportation, housing, jobs, healthy food and recreation. • Create an attractive investment environment in TOD Districts • Maximize community benefits from the investments in TOD Districts
Community Vision
TOD Plan Documents • T ODAY • T OMORROW • HOW WE GE T T HE RE • L a nd Use Ho using • E c o no mic De ve lo pme nt • • He a lth • Mo b ility • Gre e n Syste ms
• Rigorous work plan for assessment and visioning • Extensive public outreach in several languages • Identify strategies to achieve the vision. • Develop 5-year action plans.
• Steering Committees • Key leaders and stakeholders • Cross sector champions • Met regularly to review the work products and identify priorities for implementation.
Visioning • Online (bilingual) surveys • Facilitated community conversations in large presentations (charrettes) and small round-table formats • Broad themes that progressed to specific designs for a shared long-term vision • Input compiled, analyzed and presented in an iterative feedback process • Met regularly to review the work products and identify priorities for implementation.
Master Plan • Illustrates physical form of each district • Integrates data across planning elements • Translates community vision into urban design concepts and infrastructure investments • Week long design workshops ensured consistency with community input, technical feasibility and inclusion of strategic opportunity sites.
Gateway TOD District by the Numbers
• Housing Element • Affordability, quality and diversity of living options • Economic Development Element • Financial prosperity of businesses and residents • Pathways to fulfilling careers and access to quality schools and training
• Mobility Element • Movement of people and goods • Availability of quality multi- modal transportation options • Green Systems Element • Design of buildings and infrastructure to improve resource efficiency and environmental protection
How to use the Plans: guide to a living document
How to use the Plans: guide to a living document
Achieving the vision • Collective Impact • multiple decades • policies designed for collaboration, aligning policies and coordinating action across multi-sector coalitions • Analysis is data-driven • Civic Leadership • successful implementation requires leadership that persists through multiple political and economic cycles
Achieving the vision • Measurable Outcomes • benchmarks allow evaluation of current conditions compared to an optimal scenario • Evidence-Based and Innovative Strategies • derived from best practices, input from urban development professionals and District residents • transition from current conditions to the vision • partner research provides evidence basis for strategies
Achieving the vision • Policies and Actions • guide for resource decisions • 5-year action plans provide a clear road map for initiating community priorities
How we get there: measurable outcomes
How we get there: 5-year action plan • Each District has priority areas identified by the community
How we get there: 5-year action plan
No sitting on the shelf for these plans…
John Glenn, AIA
Ordinance Problems
Decentralized Policy
Phoenix 2016
Timeline
Downtown Code – 2010
Downtown Code - 2010
Walkable Urban Code - 2015
Walkable Urban Code - 2015 L a rg e sc a le re ta il Hig h Rise Co rrido r I ndustria l Are a
Form Based Zoning
Form Based Code Solves: ● Pre dic ta b ility: ta ke s re zo ning o ff the ta b le . ● Wa lka b ility & Sha de ● Min a nd Ma x Pa rking Sta nda rds ● Suppo rts I nve stme nt in L ig ht Ra il ● He ig ht ve rsus Sto rie s ● Co difying Be tte r De sig n, F ro nta g e T ype s ● Building Orie nta tio n, L o t Sta nda rds, Build T o L ine s ● Be tte r Pla nning Cha ra c te r Are a s/ Ne ig hb o rho o ds. ● Mixe d use s.
E conomic Development & Light Rail Eric Johnson, AICP City of Phoenix Community & Economic Development Department
What can transportation do?
Metro Phoenix Growth
Downtown Phoenix
Light Rail and Future Corridors
Focus on TOD
Central Business District Redevelopment Area Study
Where we want it to go!
Urban Redevelopment Challenges • Harder to design • Entitlement process • Environmental issues • Development costs • Land assemblage • Public processes
TOD has been a part of… • BRE & attracting for bioscience industry & emerging enterprises • Develop and manage two academic campuses • Leverage biomedical investments • Facilitate strategic development & redevelopment • Foster mixed-use & retail development • Facilitate downtown residential development • Manage the downtown business improvement district
Typical Financing Tools PUBLIC ASSISTANCE TOOLS City Property • Tax Abatement (GPLET, TIF …) • New Markets Tax Credits • Low-Income Housing Tax Credit • Industrial Development Authority • Historic Preservation Incentives • Infrastructure Reimbursement • HUD Grants & Loans • TRADITIONAL FINANCING TOOLS Debt – Bank Loans • Equity - Cash •
Tax Increment Financing Legal in 49 States
Legal Requirements • Gift Cla use (AZ Co nstitutio n Artic le 9, Se c tio n 7) City c a n no t g ive o r lo a n its c re dit in the a ide o f, o r ma ke a ny do na tio n o r g ra nt, b y sub sidy o r o the rwise , to a ny individua l, a sso c ia tio n, o r c o rpo ra tio n… • AZ Pub lic Bidding Sta tute s (A.R.S. Se c tio n 34- 201 e t se q .) • AZ Re de ve lo pme nt Sta tute s (A.R.S. Se c tio n 36-1471 e t se q .) • AZ De ve lo pme nt Ag re e me nt Sta tute (A.R.S. Se c tio n 9-500.05) • GPL E T (A.R.S. Se c tio n 42-6201 e t. se q .)
What tools are available? T a x I nc re me nt F ina nc ing • • Dire c t Ca sh I nc e ntive s Co nde mna tio n • • F re e Pub lic L a nd We ll…. •
City Redevelopment Tools • E mine nt Do ma in • L a nd Buy Do wns & Asse mb la g e • Pre de ve lo pme nt Assista nc e • Sa le s T a x Re b a te s • Pub lic I nfra struc ture • Histo ric Pre se rva tio n Gra nts / T a x Cre dits • Co mmunity De ve lo pme nt Blo c k Gra nts • Ne w Ma rke t T a x Cre dits • E nha nc e d Munic ipa l Se rvic e s Distric ts • Pro pe rty T a x Ab a te me nt (GPL E T ) • GO Bo nds/ Othe r Re ve nue So urc e s
Government Property Lease E xcise Tax (GPLE T) • An e xc ise ta x o n g o ve rnme nt-o wne d pro pe rty le a se d to a priva te e ntity in lie u o f a n a d va lo re m pro pe rty ta x • Asse ssme nt b a se d o n: • g ro ss sq ua re fo o ta g e • numb e r o f struc ture d pa rking spa c e s • use o f pro pe rty • Ma y a b a te the ta x fo r up to 8 ye a rs fro m C o f O • E xc ise ta x re ve nue s distrib ute d to sc ho o l distric ts, c o mmunity c o lle g e distric ts, c o unty a nd City • Ca n no t e xc e e d 25 ye a rs • Ne w re po rting a nd no tic e re q uire me nts
Tax Comparison Analysis
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