Russian Academy of Sciences A.M.Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

ESTIMATING CARBON FLUX FROM THE SOIL USING LIFE-CYCLE MODEL OF TERRESTRIAL CARBON EXCHANGE Russian Academy of Sciences A.M.Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics Laboratory of Mathematical Ecology Leonid L. Golubyatnikov

Tomsk, Russia, 05 – 11 July, 2010

ENVIROMIS-2010

The aim of our research is to develop a method which permit to evaluate annual carbon flux from soil for a given territory.

CO CO2 emission from soil surface is an amount t of CO2 produced by living roots ts, soil fauna, an and s d soil

• il

mi microorga gani nisms. sms. Contr tributi tion to to th the soil respirati tion (Kudeyarov et t al., 2006): ): living roots ts – – 33% s soil m

• il microorg

icroorgan anis isms (em (emis ission ion f from rom dead dead phyto tomass – – mortm tmass) – – 54% s soil m

• il microorg

icroorgan anis isms (em (emis ission ion f from rom org

• rgan

anic ic matte tter in soil – – humus) – – 13%

WHAT IS A SOIL RES ESPIRATION ?

BASIC STRUCTURE E OF TER ERRES ESTRIAL CARBON CYC YCLE E MODEL DEL

Living Phytomass B(t) Atmosphere C(t) Dead Organic Matter D(t) FP FD FL FE Flows: FP – production of organic matter FL – litter fall FD – decomposition of dead organic matter FE – anthropogenic emission of carbon

L P

F F dt dB − =

D L

F F dt dD − =

E D P

F F F dt dC + + − =

LIFE- E-CYC YCLE E MODEL DEL OF OF TERRESTRIAL CARBON EXC EXCHANGE

– phytomass for "age" τ at time instant t (in carbon units)

) , ( τ t B

– photosynthetic (green) phytomass

) , (

1

τ t B ) , (

3

τ t B ) , (

2

τ t B

– perennial phytomass (stems, branches, etc.) – root (underground) phytomass

LIFE- E-CYC YCLE E MODEL DEL OF OF TERRESTRIAL CARBON EXC EXCHANGE

– phytomass for "age" τ at time instant t

) , ( τ t B

b

τ

*

τ

living dead phytomass organic matter in soil

phytomass (mortmass) (humus) L(t) M(t) D(t)

τ

LIFE- E-CYC YCLE E MODEL DEL OF OF TERRESTRIAL CARBON EXC EXCHANGE

– phytomass for "age" τ at time moment t in carbon units : – photosynthetic phytomass

) , (

1

τ t B ) , ( τ t B ) , (

3

τ t B ) , (

2

τ t B

– perennial phytomass – root phytomass b

τ

*

τ

living dead phytomass organic matter in soil

phytomass (mortmass) (humus) L(t) M(t) D(t)

τ

τ τ

τ

d t B t D

i i

i

∑ ∫

= ∞

=

3 1

*

) , ( ) (

∑ ∫

=

=

3 1

*

) , ( ) (

i i

i b i

d t B t M

τ τ

τ τ

∑ ∫

=

=

3 1 0

) , ( ) (

i i

b i

d t B t L

τ

τ τ

LIFE- E-CYC YCLE E MODEL DEL OF TER ERRES ESTRIAL CARBON EXC EXCHANGE

Conservation law :

i i i i i

B q B d B t B ) ( ) ( τ τ ∂τ ∂ ∂ ∂ − − = +

⎪ ⎩ ⎪ ⎨ ⎧ ≥ < ≤ < =

* *

, , , ) (

i i b i i b i i

if if if d τ τ η τ τ τ µ τ τ τ

Decay coefficient :

⎩ ⎨ ⎧ ≥ < =

b i b i

if q if q τ τ τ τ τ , , ) (

Abiotic loss coefficient : Boundary conditions :

) ( ) , ( t P p t B

i i

=

P(t) - NPP

pi - part of i komponent

⎩ ⎨ ⎧ ≥ < =

− ) (

, , ) ( t t if e P t t if P t P

t t λ

λ

Function for NPP :

t

• parameter determining atmospheric carbon

impact on plant

• beginning of the industrial era

Carbon emission from dead phytomass (mortmass):

CARBON FLUX FROM DEAD ORGANIC MATTER

∑ ∫

= − −

− =

3 1 ) ( 1

* '

) ( ) (

i i i

i b i b i i

d e t P p t W

τ τ τ τ µ

τ τ µ

q

i i

+ = µ µ'

q + =η η'

Carbon emission from organic matter in soil ( humus):

τ τ η

τ τ η τ τ τ µ

d e t P e p t W

i i b i i ' i

i i ) ( 3 1 ) ( 2

* ' * *

) ( ) (

− − = ∞ − −

∑ ∫

− =

Ecosystems of the European Territory of Russia

Tundra Taiga forest Broadleaved forest Meadow steppe True steppe Semi-desert

Verification of the Model for ETR Ecosystems

Tundra Taiga forest Broadleaved forest Meadow steppe True steppe Semi desert

Mortmass, kgC/m2 Humus, kgC/m2

empirical data (Bazilevich, 1993; Orlov et al., 1996) model result

2.2 2.9 2.8 0.7 0.5 0.4 2.3 2.8 2.7 0.7 0.5 0.4 6.4 14.0 28.9 20.5 17.6 6.4 6.4 14.2 28.8 21.2 17.8 6.3

Estimations of Carbon Emission from Humus for ETR Ecosystems

Tundra Taiga forest Broadleaved forest Meadow steppe True steppe Semi desert

g C / m2 per year

result obtained by Svirezhev et al. (1997) model result result obtained by Kudeyarov (2006)

42 42 27 27 17 17 14 14 13 13 2 18 18 30 30 32 32 41 41 36 36 5 10 10 35 35 45 45 49 49 46 46 4

Estimations of Carbon Emission from Humus for ETR Ecosystems

Mt C per year

result obtained by Svirezhev et al. (1997) model result result obtained by Kudeyarov (2006)

109 128 84

Estimations of Carbon Emission from Mortmass for ETR Ecosystems

Tundra Taiga forest Broadleaved forest Meadow steppe True steppe Semi desert

g C / m2 per year

model result result obtained by Kudeyarov (2006)

51 51 16 162 32 327 35 354 33 335 21 214 43 43 14 148 29 295 33 338 37 374 20 203

Mt C per year

model result result obtained by Kudeyarov (2006)

743 772

Estimations of Carbon Emission from Mortmass for ETR Ecosystems

Estimations of Carbon Emission from Living Roots for ETR Ecosystems

Mt C per year

model result result obtained by Kudeyarov (2006)

435 440

CONCLUSIONS

The suggested model permits us to evaluate the soil respiration of the territory under study. The annual carbon flux from soil for European territory of Russia is evaluated as 1.3 Gt C.