Report on the analysis of national beach litter m onitoring data and - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Report on the analysis of national beach litter m onitoring data and proposal for establishing beach litter baselines

Tamara Zalewska, Włodzimierz Krzymiński Institute of Meteorology and Water Management – National Research Institute Maritime Branch in Gdynia, Poland

“Implementation of the second cycle of the Marine Strategy Framework Directive: achieving coherent, coordinated and consistent updates of the determinations of Good Environmental Status, initial assessments and environmental targets” Theme 2: Marine litter baselines and assessment in the Baltic Sea, P 2.1 Development of baselines of marine litter

Contributors: Arūnas Balčiūnas1; Eva Blidberg2, Dennis Gräwe3, Per Nilsson4, Marek Press5, Marta Ruiz6, Outi Setälä7, Jakob Strand8, Janis Ulme9

1 Klaipeda University, Open Access Centre for Marine Research, H. Manto str. 84, LT 92294, Klaipeda, Lithuania 2 Håll Sverige Rent, Besöks- och postadress: Rosterigränd 4, 117 61 Stockholm, Sweden 3 State Agency for Environment, Nature Conservation and Geology, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Division 3 Geology, Water and Soil, Department 330 Water Quality Inland- and Coastal Water, Goldberger Straße 12, 18273 Güstrow, Germany 4 University of Gothenburg, Department of Marine Sciences, Carl Skottsbergs gata 22 B , 413 19 Göteborg, Sweden 5 Keep the Estonian Sea Tidy, Estonia 6 HELCOM Secretariat, Katajanokanlaituri 6 B, FI-00160 Helsinki, Finland 7 Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE), Marine Research Centre/Marine Assessments and Management, Mechelininkatu 34a, FI-00260 Helsinki, Finland 8 Aarhus University, National Centre for Environment and Energy (DCE) Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark 9 Foundation for Environmental Education, Margrietas iela 16 - 3, Rīga,LV-1046, Latvia

Beach litter m onitoring network

Country Monitoring period Number

• f monitoring sections

Length of monitored section Beach types (number) Frequency of monitoring per year Marine litter items categorization

Denmark 2015 - 2016 3 100 reference (rural) (3) 3(4) TG ML Master list Estonia 2012 - 2016 10 300 – 3000 peri-urban (5), urban (1), rural (4) 3 MARLIN/ UNEP/IOC Finland 2012 - 2016 12 100 – 326 peri-urban (3), urban (5), rural (4) 3 MARLIN/ UNEP Germany 2012 - 2016 26 100 reference (11), urban (1), rural (14) 4 OSPAR- Guidelines Latvia 2012 - 2016 42 100 urban (12), rural (18), peri-urban(5), peri- urban(rural)(4), rural/remote (3) 1 MARLIN/ UNEP Lithuania 2012 - 2013 4 100 urban (1) rural (1) semi-urban (1) touristic (1) 4 Poland 2015 - 2016 15 1000 urban (7), rural (8) 4 TG ML Master list Sweden 2012 - 2016 10 100 peri-urban(6), rural (4) 3 MARLIN/ UNEP

Statistical calculations

• Data collection
• The monitored beach litter is assigned to eight main material categories: artificial polymer materials, rubber,

cloth/textile, paper/cardboard, processed/worked wood, metal, glass/ceramics and unclassified

• The basic unit used for the calculations is the number of items in each category per 100 m (it could be called as

the frequency of marine litter items per 100 m in each category and total number). If the monitoring is conducted

• n other distance than 100 meters, then the data is converted to 100m
• Based on all data (from all countries and years), statistical calculations were carried out to determine mean,

standard deviation, confidence levels, upper and lower, median, minimum, maximum, as well as lower and upper quartiles, as percentiles 10 and 90. Such statistical calculations were also carried out taking into account different aggregations ways. The determination of the percentile 10 was aimed at potential use as threshold values ​defining the boundary between the good and non-good state of the environment in the individual categories and their sum.

Data per 100m

Country Monitoring _area_ID Beach type Lenght_m Width_m LAT LONG HELCOM_ subasin Season Year Artificial polymer materials Rubber Cloth / textile Paper/ cardboard Processed /worked wood Metal Glass/ ceramic s Unclas s.

Statistical analysis results for two periods aggregated data within categories and sum for the whole Baltic Sea area

Period Total number of data Average value of number of items /100 m Standard deviation Conf. 95% Conf. +95% Median Min Max Lower quartile Upper quartile Perc. 10 Perc. 90 Artificial polymer materials 2015 - 2016

531 70.3 156.9 56.9 83.7 24.0 0.0 1964.0 8.7 79.0 3.6 151.0

2012 - 2016

1072 95.5 214.0 82.6 108.3 38.7 0.0 3815.0 12.0 101.0 4.9 216.0

Rubber 2015 - 2016

531 2.1 10.2 1.2 3.0 0.4 0.0 211.0 0.0 2.0 0.0 4.0

2012 - 2016

1072 2.3 8.0 1.8 2.8 1.0 0.0 211.0 0.0 3.0 0.0 5.1

Cloth/textile 2015 - 2016

531 1.7 3.5 1.4 2.0 0.3 0.0 47.0 0.0 2.0 0.0 4.0

2012 - 2016

1072 2.4 5.3 2.1 2.8 1.0 0.0 86.0 0.0 3.0 0.0 7.0

Paper/cardboard 2015 - 2016

531 5.3 13.2 4.1 6.4 1.0 0.0 146.0 0.0 4.6 0.0 13.0

2012 - 2016

1072 6.9 14.6 6.1 7.8 1.5 0.0 146.0 0.0 7.0 0.0 19.0

Processed /worked wood 2015 - 2016

530 3.2 11.6 2.3 4.2 0.9 0.0 175.1 0.0 2.6 0.0 7.0

2012 - 2016

1071 3.3 9.7 2.7 3.9 1.0 0.0 175.1 0.0 3.0 0.0 7.1

Metal 2015 - 2016

531 5.0 17.8 3.5 6.5 1.9 0.0 373.0 0.3 5.0 0.0 12.0

2012 - 2016

1072 7.3 38.3 5.0 9.6 2.0 0.0 1141.0 0.7 7.0 0.0 14.0

Glass/ceramics 2015 - 2016

531 5.0 17.2 3.5 6.4 1.0 0.0 290.0 0.0 3.0 0.0 9.0

2012 - 2016

1072 6.5 19.2 5.4 7.7 1.7 0.0 293.0 0.0 5.0 0.0 15.0

Unclassified 2015 - 2016

531 2.5 14.5 1.3 3.8 0.0 0.0 211.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 4.0

2012 - 2016

1072 2.4 12.5 1.6 3.1 0.0 0.0 211.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 4.0

Sum 2015 - 2016

531 95.1 179.2 79.8 110.3 38.0 0.0 2118.0 14.0 107.0 6.0 214.0

2012 - 2016

1072 126.6 242.9 112.1 141.2 58.1 0.0 4111.0 20.0 146.0 8.7 288.0

Aggregated results

2 4 6 8 Mean number of items / 100m 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Artificial polymer materials Sum Mean number of items / 100 m 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 Mean number of items / 100m 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 50 100 150 200 250 Artificial polymer materials Sum Mean number of items / 100m 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

2 4 6 8 10 12 14 Spring Summer Autumn Winter Mean number of Items / 100 m Rubber Cloth/textile Paper/cardboard Processed/worked wood Metal Glass/ceramics Unclassified 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 Spring Summer Autumn Winter Mean number of items / 100m Artificial polymer materials Sum

Results aggregated by seasons

Results aggregated by country

50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 Denmark Estonia Finland Germany Latvia Lithuania Poland Sweden Mean number of items / 100m Sum without cigarette Artificial polymer materials without cigarette Sum Artificial polymer materials 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 Denmark Estonia Finland Germany Latvia Lithuania Poland Sweden Mean number of items / 100m Rubber Cloth/textile Paper/cardboard Processed/worked wood Metal Glass/ceramics Unclassified

Results aggregated by country

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% Denmark Estonia Finland Germany Latvia Lithuania Poland Sweden Rubber Cloth/textile Paper/cardboard Processed/worked wood Metal Glass/ceramics Unclassified Artificial polymer materials 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% Denmark Estonia Finland Germany Latvia Lithuania Poland Sweden Rubber Cloth/textile Paper/cardboard Processed/worked wood Metal Glass/ceramics Unclassified

Results aggregated by beach type

2 4 6 8 10 12 14 Mean number of items / 100m

reference rural urban peri-urban

50 100 150 200 250 300

Artificial polymer materials Sum

Mean number of items / 100m reference rural urban peri-urban

beaches with (many) visitors but which are not in or very close to a city areas hard to reach beaches which are frequented by few visitors beaches located outside the urban environment; not readily accessible by public transport and have virtually no facilities artificially-created environment in an urban setting which simulates a public beachfront, through the use of sand, beach umbrellas, and seating elements

Results aggregated by sub-basins

50 100 150 200 250 300 350

Mean number of items / 100m

Artificial polymer materials 5 10 15 20 25

Mean number of items / 100m

Metal

Beach litter prelim inary baselines settings

Baselines is “a starting point that provides a first large scale comprehensive quantitative characterization of marine litter in a specific year and location”. Period for baselines study 2012-2016 or 2015-2016 Mean number of items /100m for each litter category for each station assigned to a particular beach category: reference, rural , urban and peri-urban

Mean*, median* of number of items /100m with SD and RSD for each litter category for REFERENCE BEACH Mean*, median* of number of items /100m with SD and RSD for each litter category for RURAL BEACH Mean*, median* of number of items /100m with SD and RSD for each litter category for URBAN BEACH Mean*, median* of number of items /100m with SD and RSD for each litter category for PERI-URBAN BEACH

Beach type Litter category

2012-2016

Number of stations Mean number of items /100 m SD RSD Median of number of items /100 m SD RSD Reference Artificial polymer materials 14 34.9 31.1 89.3 27.5 26.7 97.2 Cloth/textile 1.5 1.9 127.7 0.8 1.4 171.5 Glass/ceramics 5.3 10.7 202.7 3.5 7.1 199.7 Metal 2.0 1.8 93.9 1.1 1.5 137.4 Paper/cardboard 1.1 1.0 92.2 0.5 0.8 181.5 Processed/worked wood 2.1 2.2 100.4 1.6 2.1 127.1 Rubber 1.6 1.6 98.8 1.3 1.3 102.0 Unclassified 0.1 0.2 129.3 0.0

• Sum

48.6 40.0 82.2 38.5 35.6 92.4 Rural Artificial polymer materials 53 60.0 50.7 84.5 53.7 93.2 173.7 Cloth/textile 2.5 3.8 148.3 1.5 2.0 131.2 Glass/ceramics 6.3 13.0 205.0 4.3 7.9 180.7 Metal 5.3 17.2 328.0 3.1 3.3 106.0 Paper/cardboard 6.1 10.1 165.4 4.9 7.8 157.7 Processed/worked wood 2.8 3.0 107.9 1.6 3.7 225.8 Rubber 2.1 2.4 110.3 1.8 2.0 108.6 Unclassified 3.0 10.4 345.3 1.9 6.8 369.1 Sum 88.2 76.3 86.5 78.3 110.0 140.5 Urban Artificial polymer materials 27 176.9 231.1 130.6 138.1 145.3 105.2 Cloth/textile 4.5 4.7 103.4 3.9 4.6 116.6 Glass/ceramics 6.1 7.4 122.3 4.9 7.3 150.4 Metal 12.8 13.9 109.1 11.2 13.1 117.2 Paper/cardboard 19.9 22.1 111.4 18.7 23.4 125.3 Processed/worked wood 7.2 9.6 133.6 4.5 8.1 179.4 Rubber 12.8 40.7 317.0 12.0 40.8 338.8 Unclassified 15.4 43.2 279.9 13.6 42.6 313.7 Sum 255.6 280.5 109.7 217.6 211.3 97.1 Peri-urban Artificial polymer materials 19 103.6 59.2 57.2 80.8 41.4 51.3 Cloth/textile 2.7 3.6 131.9 1.9 2.2 117.6 Glass/ceramics 17.7 40.2 227.5 13.8 28.9 208.4 Metal 11.3 15.9 140.2 10.2 15.1 148.2 Paper/cardboard 11.8 15.2 128.6 10.7 16.1 150.1 Processed/worked wood 2.9 3.2 109.0 2.1 2.7 129.7 Rubber 2.7 3.3 123.0 1.9 2.1 109.7 Unclassified 3.4 4.9 146.4 1.7 2.8 167.4 Sum 156.0 95.9 61.4 144.6 118.2 81.8

Beach type Litter category 2015-2016 Number of stations Mean number of items /100 m SD RSD Median of number of items /100 m SD RSD Reference Artificial polymer materials 13 30.1 31.3 103.9 25.5 24.6 96.5 Cloth/textile 1.0 1.2 127.8 0.5 0.8 158.1 Glass/ceramics 4.3 11.1 255.7 2.8 7.1 251.2 Metal 1.5 1.8 121.5 1.0 1.4 141.6 Paper/cardboard 1.1 1.1 108.7 0.4 0.8 198.0 Processed/worked wood 1.9 2.3 123.4 1.4 2.2 153.7 Rubber 1.4 1.2 87.1 1.2 1.1 87.2 Unclassified 0.2 0.3 155.2 0.1 0.3 360.6 Sum 41.4 40.6 98.2 35.4 34.3 96.7 Rural Artificial polymer materials 48 63.9 120.1 188.1 58.2 119.7 205.5 Cloth/textile 2.6 4.4 168.3 2.4 4.4 186.6 Glass/ceramics 6.0 12.2 203.5 5.7 12.2 212.6 Metal 6.9 27.0 392.1 6.7 27.1 405.2 Paper/cardboard 5.6 8.6 155.0 5.2 8.8 167.9 Processed/worked wood 2.1 3.4 160.4 1.6 3.2 207.0 Rubber 2.1 2.5 121.0 2.0 2.5 130.2 Unclassified 3.2 10.4 322.3 2.9 10.4 355.1 Sum 92.3 135.5 146.7 86.5 135.8 157.0 Urban Artificial polymer materials 26 152.0 217.8 143.3 130.1 185.6 142.6 Cloth/textile 2.8 3.0 107.5 2.6 2.9 112.0 Glass/ceramics 5.6 8.1 146.2 5.1 8.1 159.4 Metal 10.4 12.7 122.8 9.8 12.9 131.6 Paper/cardboard 17.8 21.9 123.4 17.2 22.1 128.8 Processed/worked wood 7.7 9.5 123.3 5.3 8.2 154.2 Rubber 12.6 41.6 331.4 12.5 41.6 334.3 Unclassified 16.8 45.4 270.0 15.9 45.5 285.3 Sum 225.6 266.6 118.2 201.7 244.7 121.3 Peri-urban Artificial polymer materials 19 81.2 51.5 63.4 72.6 46.9 64.6 Cloth/textile 2.2 2.0 90.4 2.1 2.0 92.4 Glass/ceramics 17.0 41.7 245.5 16.5 41.8 253.4 Metal 8.7 10.5 119.9 8.2 10.2 125.4 Paper/cardboard 10.7 16.4 153.7 10.3 16.6 161.8 Processed/worked wood 3.0 3.5 117.1 2.3 2.7 118.1 Rubber 2.4 2.3 98.5 2.2 2.4 112.1 Unclassified 3.4 4.8 141.1 3.1 4.8 155.9 Sum 128.4 88.8 69.2 120.0 87.7 73.1

10 th percentile

2012-2016 2015-2016 all data reference rural peri-urban urban Artificial polymer materials 3.6 4.9 1.0 4.0 12.0 6.3 Rubber 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Cloth/textile 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Paper/cardboard 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Processed/worked wood 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Metal 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 Glass/ceramics 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Unclassified 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Sum 6.0 8.7 3.0 7.6 22.0 11.2

Thank you for your attention