Report on Recent Surveys of Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae: - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Report on Recent Surveys of Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae: Dacinae) in the Solomon Islands.

By: Luc Leblanc1, Francis Tsatsia2, Roy Vaketo2 and Camiel Doorenweerd3

1 University of Idaho, William F. Barr Entomological Museum 2 Solomon Islands Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock

3 University of Hawaii, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources

Dick Drew Allan Allwood Your presenter

Regional Fruit Fly Project in the Pacific (initiated 1990 and ongoing)

Photo: L. Leblanc

I worked for RFFP from 1994 to 2002, with 4 trips to Solomon Islands (1998-2000).

Prevention: Establish quarantine surveillance Preparedness: Formulation of Emergency Response Plans (ERPs) Public support: Awareness about threats by invasive species

Fruit Fly Surveys by trapping and host fruit surveys Improved Biosecurity Increased Fruit Production by controlling fruit flies Enhanced Fruit Trade by developing postharvest treatments

Richard A.I. Drew

Dacine Fruit fly Fauna in Solomon Islands

Meredith C. Romig

Drew (1989): 29 species Drew & Romig (2001) : 48 species

Australia: 107

World center of Dacine fruit fly diversity: 275 species (world: 932)

PNG (Mainland)

167

PNG (Bismarck)

53

PNG (Bougainville)

30 48 Solomon Islands: 922 islands 600,000 inhabitants Fruit fly fauna: Endemic species: 14 Shared species: 26 with Bougainville 20 with Papua New Guinea 3 with Australia (Mainland)

Fruit Fly Sampling with Male Lures

Cue-lure (CL): attracts melon fly (Z. cucurbitae) and 322 other species Methyl eugenol (ME): attracts Oriental fruit fly (B. dorsalis) and 122 other species

Set traps baited with three different parakairomone male lures (and dichlorvos pesticide):

Zingerone (vanillylacetone): attracts 42 species, including many not drawn to the above lures

Solomon Islands lure records: Cue-lure: 26 species Methyl eugenol: 13 species No known lure: 9 species Zingerone: no record

April 2018 Survey in Solomon Islands

Guadalcanal Gizo Kolombangara Francis Tsatsia Director of Biosecurity Roy Vaketo Agriculture Research Officer

79 trapping sites x 3 lures

Guadalcanal Survey

Agricultural sites (13 sites) Forest sites (20 sites) Forest sites (20 sites)

(3-40 m elev.) (20-170 m elev.)

Forest Survey on Guadalcanal

Kolombangara forest (150-540 m) (36 sites) Ringgi (20-40 m) (5 sites) Gizo (4-75 m) (5 sites)

Western Province Survey

• Mt. Veve (1768 m)

http://www.kolombangara.org

Gizo

Kolombangara Forest

16,843 specimens collected, all identified to species level 29 described (out of 48) and 7 new species collected

5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 1 5 9 13 17 21 25 29 33 37 41 45 49 53 57 61 65 69 73 77

• No. species
• No. samples

All sites Chao 2 = 53.8

5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 1 5 9 13 17 21 25 29 33 37 41 45 49 53 57 61 65 69 73 77

• No. species
• No. samples

Guadalcanal forest Kolombangara forest Guadalcanal agriculture Gizo and Ringgi (Kolombangara) 56.6 Chao 2 estimates 25.2 21.9 Gizo: 10.4 Ringgi: 9.8

Bactrocera pagdeni: 1,174 specimens collected in zingerone (previously known from Holotype only)

Results

Described species New species Cue-lure 20 4 Methyl eugenol 8 Zingerone 1 3

Established Pest Species

Mango fly Bactrocera frauenfeldi Native Polyphagous fruit pest 100 hosts in 33 families Breadfruit fly Bactrocera umbrosa Native Polyphagous fruit pest 3 hosts in Moraceae Melon fly Zeugodacus cucurbitae Introduced in 1984 Cucurbit (primarily) fruit and flower pest 50 hosts in 15 families Solomon fruit fly Dacus solomonensis Endemic Cucurbit fruit pest 5 hosts in Cucurbitaceae

Photos: Steve Wilson

Major Pest Species Absent from Solomon Islands

Photos: Steve Wilson

Queensland fruit fly Bactrocera tryoni Polyphagous fruit pest 244 hosts in 52 families Banana fly Bactrocera musae Banana pest (primarily) 13 hosts in 9 families Oriental fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis Polyphagous fruit pest 305 hosts in 61 families

Publish descriptions of the 7 new species Publish in Zookeys a key to all Pacific Islands* species with detailed color plates for all 83 species

Next steps…

* excluding PNG and Australia

Project funded by USDA Farm Bill Section 10007 Plant Pest and Disease Management and Disaster Prevention Program 3.0497-FY17, managed as cooperative agreement between USDA APHIS and the University of Idaho’s College of Agriculture and Life Sciences (8130-0665-CA).

Acknowledgements