Promoting Father Engagement through Enhanced Coparenting Mark E. - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Promoting Father Engagement through Enhanced Coparenting Mark E. - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Jul 11, 2023 320 likes •741 views

Promoting Father Engagement through Enhanced Coparenting Mark E. Feinberg, PhD Senior Scientist & Research Professor Prevention Research Center PREVENTION.psu.edu The Pennsylvania S tate University FamFound.net This line of research

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Mark E. Feinberg, PhD Senior Scientist & Research Professor

Prevention Research Center The Pennsylvania S tate University

Promoting Father Engagement through Enhanced Coparenting

PREVENTION.psu.edu FamFound.net

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This line of research was conducted with support from NIH Grants HD042575, MH064125, and DA025035 With much appreciation to: Penn S tate graduate students Jesse Boring, S usie Doughty, Megan Goslin, Carmen Hamilton, Marni Kan, Carolyn Ransford, Elizabeth Riina, Anna S

  • lmeyer, and

S amuel S turgeon. Penn S tate research associates Kari-Lyn S akuma, Michelle Hostetler, Damon Jones, Richard Puddy, Louis Brown, and Jill Zeruth. And to consultants and mentors: Phil & Carolyn Cowan, Mark Greenberg, George Howe, Jamie McHale

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STANDARD PREVENTION

Mom Kid

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NUCLEAR FAMILY

Mom Dad Kid Kid 2

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Mom Dad Kid Kid 2

Grandparents

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Mom Dad Kid Kid 2

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Mom Dad Kid Kid 2

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CORE PIVOT POINT…

Mom Dad Kid

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COUPLE CONFLICT

Parent -related Outcomes:

  • Depression
  • Poor parenting quality (cold, harsh)
  • Family violence

Child Outcomes:

  • Attachment security
  • Child depression, aggression
  • S

chool outcomes

  • S

ubstance use

  • Poor peer relations
  • Romantic relationship problems
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Not much

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Catalog of Research: Programs for Low-Income Fathers Avellar et al., 2011 Mathematica, for ACF

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Cowan, Cowan, Pruett, Pruett, & Wong, 2009 32-hour, 16-week group curriculum 18 mos case manager services

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Father’s group: More psychological and behavioral engagement Couples group: Reduced parenting stress More relationship satisfaction. 1/3 sample dropped out, largely higher risk No significant effects on

  • Parenting
  • Child adjustment
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  • Mathematica, MDRC, Public Strategies

Funded program development Multi-site trial, >2500 couples

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  • Recruitment
  • Attendance
  • Outcomes
  • Lessons
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Primarily couples with children Services provided over 1 year:

  • Healthy marriage curriculum,
  • 24-30 class hours
  • Supplemental activities, events
  • Support worker providing support
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Randomized Trial 8 sites, each chose one of 4 Programs:

  • Within Our Reach (based on PREP; Stanley

and Markman, 2008)

  • Becoming Parents Program (based on PREP,

Jordan and Frei, 2007).

  • For Our Future, For Our Family (adapted

from PAIRS; Gordon et al., 2007).

  • Loving Couples, Loving Children (adapted

from Bringing Baby Home; Gottman)

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N=6298 couples Questionnaire and observation measures Intervention couples: Average of 23 contact hours per couple (17 hours of class time) Average cost of >$9000/couple

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Significant effects on:

  • Relationship quality, obs. interaction,

psychological abuse*

  • Individual psychological distress

Effect Sizes range from .08 to .13 *No effect on coparenting

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A MOTHER…

“I was very young when I had my son. I’ve seen

  • ther girls that were …very rebellious and

stubborn towards their baby’s father, and yes, I agree, I was one of those girls that were very, very hard on him. And it’s like back then I felt as though that’s what he needed. But now that I look back on it, he just needed somebody to encourage him more than instruct him, you

  • know. They have feelings just like we have
  • feelings. They just have a harder time showing

it.”

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A FATHER…

“I feel as though she makes all the decisions, important decisions about him, and I got no say so. And when I’ve been over and say something to her, she catch an attitude and I just leave it alone because I don’t want to [get into] it.”

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S hared parenting responsibility & coordination More precise Linked, but separate S tronger predictor Buffer

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Support/ Unde rmining Division Of L a bor Childre a ring Ag re e me nt Joint F a mily Ma na g e me nt

F e inb e rg , 2003

Domains of Co-parenting

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Parenting Child Outcomes Coparenting alliance

Parent characteristics Couple Relationship

Theoretical Model Parental Adj ustment

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Build Coparenting at the Transition to Parenthood

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Delivery--local childbirth education

8 sessions, 16 hours male/ female co-leaders

Topics Covered

Expectations Co-parenting Parenting Self-regulation

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FF PROJECTS

Randomized Trials

Initial trial FF + Childbirth Education = “ Childbirth Plus” DVD/ workbook home-study version

Proposals Pending

FF adapted for couples w/ autistic child FF adapted for couples at risk of violence Online version for military reserve couples

Large scale Implementation:

UK, 12 cities in phase 1 U.S. Dept of Defense, FY 2013

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INITIAL RANDOMIZED TRIAL OF FF

N = 169 couples Universal: wide range of income/education Questionnaire and videotaped observation Pretest = pregnancy Posttest = 6-8 months post-birth Follow-ups = 1 & 3 years post-birth

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PARENT OUTCOMES: THROUGH CHILD AGE 3

(COMPARED TO RANDOMIZED CONTROL GROUP)

Coparenting: more support More maternal inclusion of father less competition/triangulation Parental Adj ustment: More parental efficacy Less parental stress [Less depression – mothers only]

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PARENT OUTCOMES: THROUGH CHILD AGE 3

(COMPARED TO RANDOMIZED CONTROL GROUP)

Parenting: Decreased father-infant dysfunctional interaction (infancy) More warmth, sensitivity Less negativity, harshness, over- reactivity, physical punishment

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CHILD OUTCOMES: THROUGH AGE 3

(COMPARED TO RANDOMIZED CONTROL GROUP)

Better attention span More capacity for self-regulation Better social-emotional competence Fewer behavior problems

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LESSONS

Focus on coparenting, not overall couple

relationship

Integrate new programs into existing

services and structures

Move forward with deliberat e speed What components effective for whom?

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CAN THIS APPROACH ADDRESS HEALTH DISPARITIES?

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1) DOES FF WORK FOR HIGHER-RISK FAMILIES?

Moderation of program effects by

Parent education Father emotional security Prenatal couple conflict

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2) CAN FF BE ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC SUB-POPULATIONS TO ENHANCE FATHER INVOLVEMENT?

FF adapted for low-income, urban teens

(Children’s National Medical Center, D.C.)

 Health system  Teen/tot FF integrated into Home visiting

(Robert Ammerman, PI)

 Pending Council Decision

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Maternal Life Course Education Employment Repeat Pregnancy Parent Adjustment Parental Stress Parental Efficacy Depression Parental Quality Warmth Engagement Negativity Infant Care Safety Health Father Involvement Enhanced participation More involved w/ child Coparenting Quality More coparenting Low depression Low parenting stress Proximal Targets of Family Foundations Proximal Targets of Home Visitation Home Visiting with Family Foundations (HVFF) Child Outcomes Cognitive Emotional Behavioral

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COMPONENTS NEEDED FOR HV:

Father engagement, outreach S

upport father’s needs, goals

Motivate positive coparenting S

kills for coparenting

Manage obstacles:  break-up, other romances, j ealousy  obligations to other children and mothers  Grandparents

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EMAIL: LOVE@PSU.EDU

Research: PREVENTION.psu.edu Dissemination: FamFound.net