Project Brief: Seoul, Korea Due to South Koreas long cultural - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Oct 25, 2022 143 likes •296 views

Project Brief: Seoul, Korea Due to South Koreas long cultural heritage as an agricultural economy, its people have grown accustomed to its climate dynamics since an- cient times. This long-standing cultural norm of inhabiting outdoor space

SLIDE 1

Seoul, South Korea

Esosa Erhabor Matthew Johnson Deborah Park

Local Design Principles for Global Construction U.S. Department of State Overseas Building Offjce University of Virginia School of Architecture

Systems, Sites and Building, Fall 2014

http://s4.photobucket.com/user/kish- teL/media/blogging/HongdaeDistrict_ zps6ef19f6e.jpg.html

Project Brief: Seoul, Korea

Due to South Korea’s long cultural heritage as an agricultural economy, its people have grown accustomed to its climate dynamics since an- cient times. This long-standing cultural norm of inhabiting outdoor space is still apparent in the modern city of Seoul. People are unwilling to give up program in exterior spaces during all times

f the year. Whether it is monsoon season where

the streets are fmooded from constant downpour

r harsh wintertime, people are still undeterred

from inhabiting outdoor space. During monsoon season, people simply put on rain gear fjlling up the streets as any other spring day and just accept the humidity. During the cold winters,

utdoor heaters and tarps are implemented so

that outdoor seating is still available for local food

hubs. In a culture that faces its climate dynamics

head one in their daily lives, the same mentali- ty is starting to become evident in architectural

design. Popular outdoor shopping districts have

their buildings elevated to combat fmooding in the months of July and August and glass facades are becoming increasingly favorable to take advan- tage of the high solar energy from relatively clear skies for majority of the year (as well as to repre- sent modern aesthetics as a leading industry in technological advancements).

SLIDE 2

Seoul, South Korea

Esosa Erhabor Matthew Johnson Deborah Park

Local Design Principles for Global Construction U.S. Department of State Overseas Building Offjce University of Virginia School of Architecture

Systems, Sites and Building, Fall 2014

For the majority of the year, Seoul experiences clear skies, which has led to initiatives toward a solar city. Seoul experiences extreme temperature throughout the year on both ends: extremely cold and hot. The comfort level is very minimally experienced. Seoul, Korea experiences extreme climates including monsoon season dueing the Summer, fmooding the streets, and extremely cold temperatures during the Winter. However, even though the city is very susceptible to climatic impacts, it barely deters people from gathering outside. Known to be the city that never sleeps, Seoul, Korea has a very fjlled streets at all times of the day. Even at 3 A.M. people are still bustling around the streets, markets and street food vendors are still open. Even during Winter, to commodate for the cold weather tents and outdoor heaters are erected so that people can still inhabit the outside space.It seems that nothing deters the outside inhabitation in Seoul because of how densely populated the city is. Climate Consultant

SLIDE 3

Seoul, South Korea

City Hall

Eesosa Erbahor Matthew Johnson Deborah Park

Local Design Principles for Global Construction U.S. Department of State Overseas Building Offjce University of Virginia School of Architecture

Systems, Sites and Building, Fall 2014

01. Exterior View: the City Hall is situated on a popular public pla-

za, allowing for public events and demonstrations as well as casual commerce and recreation. The old city hall building was kept when the new one was built, but green roofs were added as a gesture towards the city’s environmental consciousness.

02. Site Rendering: The City Hall is located in the heart of Seoul

and formally represents the city’s forward looking, green mind-

set. Between the lawn, green roofs, and a highly visible interior

green wall the city hall and its surroundings seek to bring green- ery back into the heart of the city. With its bold form the new City Hall is set in deliberate contrast to the old, representing the city government following its people and economy into the future.

Sources

1. http://c1038.r38.cf3.rackcdn.com/group5/building46086/media/52aa-

607be8e44ee88f000048_seoul-new-city-hall-iarc-architects_cityhallct1071.jpg

2. http://ad009cdnb.archdaily.net/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/1323747667-iarc-new-seoul-

city-hall-02-1280-x-904.jpg

3. http://ecogreenbuilder.com.my/wp-content/uploads/2013/08/Seoul-City-Hall-Green-Wall.jpg
4. Original work
5. http://ad009cdnb.archdaily.net/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/1323757427-iarc-new-seoul-

city-hall-05-1280-x-960.jpg

SLIDE 4

Seoul, South Korea

City Hall

Eesosa Erbahor Matthew Johnson Deborah Park

Local Design Principles for Global Construction U.S. Department of State Overseas Building Offjce University of Virginia School of Architecture

Systems, Sites and Building, Fall 2014

03. Interior Atrium/Green

Wall: The entry space of the City Hall serves a variety of

purposes. It is a well-lit and

welcoming space that os- tentatiously represents the city’s green inititatives with its massive vegatated wall, while providing a thermal barrier between the exterior and the internal offjces.

04. Air Circulation and Light

Diagram: The projecting “crest” of the hall blocks direct sun during the hot summer but allows light to enter the interior during the cold winter. Air circulates through the tall entry space, providing natural ventilation. The green wall improves air quality, helps to thermally regulate the building, and gives the space a unique character.

05. Upper Assembly Hall: In addition to regulating

light entry to the entry space the projecting upper mass provides space for a large-scale assembly hall that can house both public and governmental

events. Strategically placed sunshades and tinted

glass regulate light entry into the assembly hall. It is a majestic space that overlooks the city and represents much of what the citizens and leaders

f Seoul have to take pride in.

Sources

1. http://c1038.r38.cf3.rackcdn.com/group5/building46086/media/52aa-

607be8e44ee88f000048_seoul-new-city-hall-iarc-architects_cityhallct1071.jpg

2. http://ad009cdnb.archdaily.net/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/1323747667-iarc-new-seoul-

city-hall-02-1280-x-904.jpg

3. http://ecogreenbuilder.com.my/wp-content/uploads/2013/08/Seoul-City-Hall-Green-Wall.jpg
4. Original work
5. http://ad009cdnb.archdaily.net/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/1323757427-iarc-new-seoul-

city-hall-05-1280-x-960.jpg

SLIDE 5

Seoul, South Korea

Esosa Erhabor Matthew Johnson Deborah Park

Local Design Principles for Global Construction U.S. Department of State Overseas Building Offjce University of Virginia School of Architecture

Systems, Sites and Building, Fall 2014

http://img.koreatimes.co.kr/up- load/news/100705_p0_The-ar- tist%E2%80%99s.jpg http://www.solarchoice.net.au/blog/ wp-content/uploads/LG-Solar-Panels-Ye-

Solar panels For the majority of the year, Seoul experiences clear skies, making it the perfect climate condition for solar panels in the densely populated city. Initiatives to make Seoul a city of sunlight are being made so that even the city grid is powered through a solar power plant.

This curved form and varying elevations of this public facility maximizes the energy potentional of the sun throughout the whole day. LG, a major manufacturer and source of global exports has initiated a solar farm.

SLIDE 6

Seoul, South Korea

Esosa Erhabor Matthew Johnson Deborah Park

Local Design Principles for Global Construction U.S. Department of State Overseas Building Offjce University of Virginia School of Architecture

Systems, Sites and Building, Fall 2014

http://www.futilitycloset.com/wp-content/ uploads/2011/11/2011-11-26-stormy- weather-1.png

Sloped roof Although there is minimal precipitation through the whole year, precipitation peaks in February and Au- gust – the summer month known as monsoon season. Pitching a sloped roof (in varying angles) would not only uphold structural integrity by naturally removing precipitation buildup, but also capture solar power for longer periods throughout the day.

SLIDE 7

Seoul, South Korea

Esosa Erhabor Matthew Johnson Deborah Park

Local Design Principles for Global Construction U.S. Department of State Overseas Building Offjce University of Virginia School of Architecture

Systems, Sites and Building, Fall 2014

http://www.themost10.com/wp-content/ uploads/2012/03/Seoul-Korea.jpg?0dc- cc6

Overhang Due to its small territory and its standing as a major economy, Seoul is left to deal with issues of over-

population. With an economy that is still rapidly growing in an already highly dense city, implementing

an overhang would minimize impact on the ground, leaving more public space for the dense city. And the square footage is not lost for indoor functions either. The overhang space would also be compli- ant to the cultural norm of bring function to outdoor spaces. It would frame a space that belonged to the embassy during events, but would be public when there is no scheduled program. By providing shade, people would still be experience outdoor dynamics, but more comfortably.

SLIDE 8

Seoul South, Korea

Eseosa Erhabor Deborah Park Matthew Johnson

Local Design Principles for Global Construction U.S. Department of State Overseas Building Offjce University of Virginia School of Architecture

Systems, Sites and Building, Fall 2014

Materiality is important to traditional Korean architecture. In older buildings, paper-like materials were used for doors and walls and provided many semi-translucent surfaces, which could be copied with modern materials like frosted glass. This suggested material could be placed on the east and west façade to ensure the maximum amount of light would enter the spaces. The sunlight that touches the roof could be absorbed by solar panels, and the sunlight through the walls would be able to aid in heating the room. In their work Hot and Cold Torben Dahl and Eva Tind Kristensen describe methods of passive solar heating that regulate interior temperature. They state that a “building can also be supplied with heat indirectly from the Sun’s heating of the outdoor air” (Dahl and Kristensen, 60). Traditional Korean Paper (hanji) was used as part of vernacular architecture

1. http://helenhiebertstudio.com/paper-

walls-windows/

2. http://southkoreanworld.blogspot.

com/2013/12/11hanok.html

This diagram illustrates three levels of translucency that produce three different light experiences. The material as suggested could be glass (frosted and clear)

r the locally available Hanji paper as in the Hanok

SLIDE 9

Seoul South, Korea

Eseosa Erhabor Deborah Park Matthew Johnson

Local Design Principles for Global Construction U.S. Department of State Overseas Building Offjce University of Virginia School of Architecture

Systems, Sites and Building, Fall 2014

There are recordings of the existence of three types of prehistoric (vernacular) lodgings in Korea: pit houses, log houses and elevated houses.(asianinfo) These three construction methods were later sythesized into the Hanok House, the traditional mainstay of Korean

Architecture. The elevation of the building will be the fjrst step in

dealing with the fmooding issue rampant in South Korea during the monsoon months. The elevation can be as high as a short story, allowing for the area underneath to be used as parking or for other temporary purposes so that damage will be minimized in the event

f a fmood. The elevation method could be paired with methods for

passive/cross ventilation. When analyzing the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, professor Sherman discussed a natural ventilation method that provides a small space between the fmoor and the wall and if placed in the Northern direction would catch cool air and leak it into the building. With the entire structure being elevated there is little worry of water

entering. The gaps in the wall would be best placed on the Northen

side of the building, with the ability to be closed in the colder months.

1. http://southkoreasait2011.

travellerspoint.com/

2. http://www.rumahku.com/

berita/read/mengenal-arsitektur- rumah-tradisional-korea-34615

North Wind (Cold air) Floodline Cold Air

Traditional Hanok Houses This diagram illustrates a strategy used in the Hanok house. It elevates the fjrst fmoor of the building so if it is to fmood water does not enter the main establishment. This diagram also illustrates passive ventilation that occurs when a small gap is left in the wall.

SLIDE 10

Seoul South, Korea

Eseosa Erhabor Deborah Park Matthew Johnson

Local Design Principles for Global Construction U.S. Department of State Overseas Building Offjce University of Virginia School of Architecture

Systems, Sites and Building, Fall 2014

Learning from the Namdaemun market, we have established that the Korean people like to be outside regardless of the weather. They create mini controlled microclimates via temporary shading and mini heaters. Another design strategy to be implemented in the building of an embassy in Korea would be an interior garden or courtyard space. Being cramped in the city there is little room for large gardens

r courtyards, an indoor waiting room could allow visitors

and workers to enjoy the longer moderate seasons (spring and fall) and then it would be controlled during the harsher seasons so one may still be “outside”.

1. http://www.landscape-design-advisor.com/ideas-tips/

curb-appeal/courtyards

2. http://holidays.syl.com/en/hotel/13571/

Four+Seasons+Mexico+City/

3. McKnight, Tom L; Hess, Darrel (2000).

“Climate Zones and Types”. Physical Geography: A Landscape Appreciation. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. ISBN 0-13-020263-0.

This diagram simply illustrates the added dimension of a space with interior

SLIDE 11

Seoul, South Korea

Eesosa Erhabor Matt Johnson Deborah Park

Local Design Principles for Global Construction U.S. Department of State Overseas Building Offjce University of Virginia School of Architecture

Systems, Sites and Building, Fall 2014

Seoul is an incredibly compact city, with a population density of 45,000 people per square mile and some of the most expensive real estate in the world (World Popu- lation Review). In this context an embassy that is spread

ut over a large campus with a high percentage of

ground-level open space (1) would be ineffjcient, expen- sive, and would interrupt the fabric of the city. Stacking program areas on top of each other would allow for a more compact footprint (2) and the loss of open space could be compensated with a courtyard, an open ground fmoor plan, or terraces on upper levels.

1. An embassy in downtown Seoul could not be laid out as gener-
usly as one on the outskirts of a different city.
2. Stacked program elements not only use real estate

more effjciently, but also allow for easier climate control and utilities in a single structure.

SLIDE 12

Seoul, South Korea

Eesosa Erhabor Matthew Johnson Deborah Park

Local Design Principles for Global Construction U.S. Department of State Overseas Building Offjce University of Virginia School of Architecture

Systems, Sites and Building, Fall 2014

Many civic buildings in Seoul employ a double envelope to increase the effjciency of their climate systems. The exterior envelope is mostly transparent glass, capturing the maximum amount of solar energy in a predominantly cool climate. The inner envelope is set back, preventing glaring light from directly penetrating the interior spaces. The space in between the two can serve as a circulation path that is enclosed but does not need to be climate controlled as rigorously as the interior spaces, creating a thermal buffer between the exterior and the programmed spaces. This buffer can also serve as a circulation path for air that rises as it is heated by sunlight, providing natural ventilation for the overall structure.

SLIDE 13

Seoul, South Korea

Eesosa Erhabor Matt Johnson Deborah Park

Local Design Principles for Global Construction U.S. Department of State Overseas Building Offjce University of Virginia School of Architecture

Systems, Sites and Building, Fall 2014

The people of Seoul are comfortable in a wider range of temperatures than the average American, and are more willing to perservere outside in adverse weather conditions. Shops and restaurants on the streets of the city will deploy canopies in the rain, and pedestrians will simply bundle up, put on a raincoat, and walk or even sit outside almost every day of the

year. Taking advantage of this, an embassy in Seoul could keep most of

its entry and waiting space unenclosed. The ground fmoor of an embassy with a stacked program will be the most open to the public, and a space that is largely open and not strictly programmed could adapt to long lines, special events, or a need for extra parking. Keeping the space unenclosed would reduce the load on climate systems, and an open ground fmoor would not include many details that would be vulnerable to fmooding. The mass

f the upper fmoors of the building would overhang most of the ground fmoor

and provide shelter from the alternating heavy rains and harsh sun that characterize the Korean summer.

SLIDE 14