Alternative Energy Supplement Design Dec07-04 Client: Client: Mary Elizabeth and Colin Chinery Advisors: Advisors: Professor John W. Lamont and Professor Ralph Patterson III Te Team Members: am Members: Matt Kelly (Team Leader) Daniel Rathe (Communications Coordinator) Aaron Kulow Josh Riley April 16, 2007 Problem Statement • Chinery acreage power outages • Alternative energy systems – Wind – Solar – Storage • Projections – Energy use – Energy production – Future building plans(from Professor Patterson) • Economic analysis of each system • Determine mode of operation for alternative energy system 1
Problem Statement • Other Cost Savings – Geothermal – Heat pumps – Insulation – House modifications – Unconventional possibilities Users and Uses • Chinery family and Professor Patterson • Provide electrical power, heat, cost savings, more reliability • Provide economic analysis for possible systems • With the design, Chinery’s will be able to chose the system that best fits their needs 2
General Solution Approach • Research all alternative energy system possibilities • Gather information of Chinery farm (power use, wind data, solar data) • Use data to size the possible system (production, storage) • Perform economic analysis of each system to test usability General Solution Approach • Design/research possible modifications or additions to save money and/or power • Research turnkey systems and compare • Research all aid and grants available • Research all regulations, permitting requirements, and codes 3
Turnkey System WT DC AC AC Control Solar Cells Control Inverter Loads Panel Panel Storage Certified Turnkey System Providers • Abundant Renewable Energy • Bergey Windpower Co. • Entegrity Wind Systems • Energy Maintenance Services • Lorax Energy • Solar Wind Works • Southwest Windpower Co. • Wind Energy Solutions Canada • Wind Turbine Industries Corp. 4
Modes of Operation Possible modes of operation – Stand alone – Grid connected with no storage – Grid connected with storage – Storage only – No change • Net metering • Recommend the best system based on an economic analysis and energy production Solar • Iowa Energy Center data • Photovoltaic vs. solar thermal • Roof vs. ground mount – Tracking the sun – Tilt of the panels • Used to supplement energy from wind – Cost of solar energy ~ $0.18/kWh • Performance degradation 5
Modeling the System • Energy demand – Monthly – Weekly • Energy supply from solar – Solar energy data – Solar panel area – Tracking • Energy supply from wind – Wind energy data – Rotor diameter – Tower height – Wind turbine efficiency Permitting • City of Ames website • Story County website • American Wind Energy Association (AWEA) • Assisted by contractor 6
AWEA Model Zoning Ordinance • Tower Height • Set Back • Noise • Approved Wind Turbines • Compliance with Uniform Building Code • Compliance with FAA regulations • Compliance with National Electric Code • Utility Notification http://www.awea.org/smallwind/documents/modelzo.html Subsidies and Tax Incentives • Ames/Story County special tax assessment of wind energy equipment • State property tax exemption—wind & solar • Iowa Code § 422.45—no state tax on total cost of wind energy system • 20 year, zero interest loan through the Iowa Energy Center • Solar property tax incentive http://www.awea.org/smallwind/iowa.html http://www.energy.iastate.edu/renewable/incentives/ 7
Geothermal • Closed Loop – Horizontal – Vertical • Limited space applications • 150-250 ft. depth – Slinky • Open Loop – Mineral build-up – Waste water uses Heat Pump & Related Incentives Air Source Heat Pumps Supplemental heating required at low temperatures Midland Coop incentives – Rebates • $350/ton (geothermal) • $150/ton (air-to-air) – Heat rate • $0.0387/kWh October-May • $0.0685/kWh June-September 8
Additional Energy Savings • Uses for excess wind generation – Pumping water – Electric water heater • 50-gallon Marathon $220 • 85-gallon Marathon $220 • 105-gallon Marathon $275 • Increasing efficiency of house – New windows – Drain heat recovery system – More insulation • Currently no insulation in some areas Energy Storage Use as a buffer between supply and demand Optimize size of storage based on economic analysis and energy usage compared to energy supply • Batteries – Lead Acid – Gel • Pumped Storage – Old water tower – ~90% efficient 9
Energy Storage • Flywheel – Long Lifespan – Low maintenance Economic Analysis • Cost of no alternative energy system • Total costs/savings from alternative energy systems • Excel spreadsheets Questions? 10
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