Praktische Aspekte der Informatik Moritz Mhlhausen Prof. Marcus - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Praktische Aspekte der Informatik

Moritz Mühlhausen

• Prof. Marcus Magnor

https://graphics.tu-bs.de/teaching/ss19/padi/

Vim

Exit command, basic vim commands, handling several files

https://graphics.tu-bs.de/teaching/ss19/padi/

Further Reading

Warning!

The following slides are meant to give you a very superficial introduction. If you want to learn more, have a look at:

https://vim.sourceforge.io/docs.php

https://graphics.tu-bs.de/teaching/ss19/padi/

Outline

• What is Vim?
• How to exit Vim?
• Basic Vim commands
• Handling several files
• Configure your Vim
• Try out VimGolf!

https://graphics.tu-bs.de/teaching/ss19/padi/

What is Vim?

• Highly configurable text editor
• Macros, Colortheme, indent configurable
• Very fast editing of files
• Only needs a terminal, works even when emacs stops

working

• Vi Improved
• Vim is free! It is open source with a charityware

license.

https://graphics.tu-bs.de/teaching/ss19/padi/

What is Vim? – Why?

*temp var1 0 *temp var2 "hi" *temp var3 -1 *temp var4 42 *temp var5 "asdf" *temp var6 0 Simple things we do all the time should be able to be done with very few keystrokes, but sometimes I find something I need to do makes me go, "There MUST be a better way." This challenge is just a simple movement and entering text at a certain place. *temp var1 0 *temp var2 "hi" *temp var3 -1 *temp var4 42 *temp var5 "asdf" *temp var6 0 *temp var7 11 Simple things we do all the time should be able to be done with very few keystrokes, but sometimes I find something I need to do makes me go, "There MUST be a better way." New text. This challenge is just a simple movement and entering text at a certain place.

22 Keystrokes only

https://graphics.tu-bs.de/teaching/ss19/padi/

How to exit Vim?

https://graphics.tu-bs.de/teaching/ss19/padi/

How to exit Vim?

• Vim usually starts in normal mode
• Use the command :q<Enter> to exit
• :q!<Enter> to exit with losing all edits
• :wq<Enter> for saving and exit
• If you are not in normal mode, hit <ESC>
• Lower left indicates which mode is active

https://graphics.tu-bs.de/teaching/ss19/padi/

How to exit Vim? – Vim Modi

• Vim has several modi
• Normal mode
• Command mode
• Insert mode
• Visual mode

Normal End Start Visual Command Insert

ZZ : z.B. i z.B. v <ESC> <ESC> <ESC> z.B. wq<ENTER>

https://graphics.tu-bs.de/teaching/ss19/padi/

Basic Vim Commands – Emergency Kit

• Inserting Text
• Type i, the lower left of the screen should show --INSERT--
• Now you can work like in a usual editor
• Exit --INSERT-- mode with <ESC> when done
• Moving around
• h (left), j (down), k (up), l (right)
• Easier moving without moving your hand
• Deleting characters
• Move the cursor over the character to delete and type x
• Stay in normal mode, deleting only a single character

https://graphics.tu-bs.de/teaching/ss19/padi/

Basic Vim Commands – Emergency Kit

• Undo and Redo
• Accidentally some vim-magic happened?
• First go back to normal mode by <ESC>
• Type u to undo the last edit
• Type <CTRL-r> to redo last undo
• Saving and getting out
• Type :w<ENTER> to save (write) the current state of the file
• Type :q<ENTER> to exit after saving
• Combine it to :wq<ENTER> to save and exit
• ZZ will do the same with less strokes

https://graphics.tu-bs.de/teaching/ss19/padi/

Basic Vim Commands – Editing Faster

• Using a count
• Executes a command several times
• 3j goes down 3 lines
• 3iabc<ESC> inserts “abcabcabc”
• Saving Macros
• q<Macrokey><Command>q saves the <Command> on

<Macrokey>

• @<Macrokey> executes the saved command
• Executing last text edit again
• . executes the last edit again
• Pure movements are ignored

https://graphics.tu-bs.de/teaching/ss19/padi/

Basic Vim Commands – More Commands

• Uppercase keys have similar commands
• Makes them quite intuitive
• Go to insert mode
• I/i go to insert mode in front of line/cursor
• A/a go to insert mode at end of line/cursor
• O/o insert news line above/below line and go to insert mode
• Moving in file
• G/gg move to end/start of file
• <Number>G move to line <Number>
• w/b move to start of next/prior word
• e/ge move to end of next/prior word

https://graphics.tu-bs.de/teaching/ss19/padi/

Handling several Files

• Tabs
• :tabe <File> will open the <File> in a new tab, after the

current one

• gt / gT switches to the next / previous tab
• <Count>gt switches to the <Count>th tab
• Split window
• :sp / :vsp splits the window horizontally / vertically
• <CTRL-w>h/j/k/l move the cursor to the

left/bottom/top/right split

• Splits can vary between Tabs
• <CTRL-w>T turn the current split into a tab

https://graphics.tu-bs.de/teaching/ss19/padi/

Configure your Vim

• Create/edit .vimrc / _vimrc file in your home folder
• Contains optional runtime configuration settings to

initialize Vim

• set numbers show the line numbers
• set cindent automatic C-like indenting
• “ for comments
• ab for abbreviations
• …
• It is a good start to look up some standard .vimrc

and keep updating to your desire

https://graphics.tu-bs.de/teaching/ss19/padi/

A good start: vimtutor

• vimtutor comes along with vim
• (interactive) vim tutorial in a terminal
• In vim!!
• Learn basic commands
• Moving
• Exiting
• Editing
• Just type „vimtutor“ in a terminal to start

https://graphics.tu-bs.de/teaching/ss19/padi/

More advanced techniques: Try VimGolf!

• https://vimgolf.com/
• Real Vim ninjas count every keystroke - do you?
• Edit a specified file with as few keystrokes as possible
• See solutions of others within a certain range of your entry
• Learn new commands or combinations
• To make it fair, VimGolf uses a predefined .vimrc
• No copy/paste from solution file allowed
• No external scripts allowed

https://graphics.tu-bs.de/teaching/ss19/padi/

Church of Vim

Vim was originally an extensible text editor written by Bram Moolenaar, but it became a way of life and a religion. To join the Church of Vim, you need only pronounce the Confession of the Faith: http://www.avelino.xxx/2015/03/church-vim

There is no system but GNU, and Linux is one of its kernels.

https://graphics.tu-bs.de/teaching/ss19/padi/