Praktische Aspekte der Informatik Moritz Mhlhausen Prof. Marcus - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Praktische Aspekte der Informatik Moritz Mühlhausen Prof. Marcus Magnor https://graphics.tu-bs.de/teaching/ss19/padi/

Vim Exit command, basic vim commands, handling several files https://graphics.tu-bs.de/teaching/ss19/padi/

Further Reading Warning! The following slides are meant to give you a very superficial introduction. If you want to learn more, have a look at: https://vim.sourceforge.io/docs.php https://graphics.tu-bs.de/teaching/ss19/padi/

Outline • What is Vim? • How to exit Vim? • Basic Vim commands • Handling several files • Configure your Vim • Try out VimGolf! https://graphics.tu-bs.de/teaching/ss19/padi/

What is Vim? • Highly configurable text editor  Macros, Colortheme, indent configurable  Very fast editing of files  Only needs a terminal, works even when emacs stops working • Vi Improved • Vim is free! It is open source with a charityware license. https://graphics.tu-bs.de/teaching/ss19/padi/

What is Vim? – Why? *temp var1 0 *temp var2 "hi" *temp var3 -1 *temp var4 42 *temp var5 "asdf" *temp var6 0 Simple things we do all the time should be able to be done with very few keystrokes, but sometimes I find something I need to do makes me go, "There MUST be a better way." This challenge is just a simple movement and entering text at a certain place. 22 Keystrokes only *temp var1 0 *temp var2 "hi" *temp var3 -1 *temp var4 42 *temp var5 "asdf" *temp var6 0 *temp var7 11 Simple things we do all the time should be able to be done with very few keystrokes, but sometimes I find something I need to do makes me go, "There MUST be a better way." New text. This challenge is just a simple movement and entering text at a certain place. https://graphics.tu-bs.de/teaching/ss19/padi/

How to exit Vim? https://graphics.tu-bs.de/teaching/ss19/padi/

How to exit Vim? • Vim usually starts in normal mode  Use the command :q<Enter> to exit  :q!<Enter> to exit with losing all edits  :wq<Enter> for saving and exit • If you are not in normal mode, hit <ESC>  Lower left indicates which mode is active https://graphics.tu-bs.de/teaching/ss19/padi/

How to exit Vim? – Vim Modi • Vim has several modi  Normal mode  Command mode  Insert mode  Visual mode Command z.B. : <ESC> End wq<ENTER> ZZ z.B. i Normal Insert <ESC> z.B. v <ESC> Start Visual https://graphics.tu-bs.de/teaching/ss19/padi/

Basic Vim Commands – Emergency Kit • Inserting Text  Type i , the lower left of the screen should show --INSERT--  Now you can work like in a usual editor  Exit --INSERT-- mode with <ESC> when done • Moving around  h (left), j (down), k (up), l (right)  Easier moving without moving your hand • Deleting characters  Move the cursor over the character to delete and type x  Stay in normal mode, deleting only a single character https://graphics.tu-bs.de/teaching/ss19/padi/

Basic Vim Commands – Emergency Kit • Undo and Redo  Accidentally some vim-magic happened?  First go back to normal mode by <ESC>  Type u to undo the last edit  Type <CTRL - r> to redo last undo • Saving and getting out  Type :w<ENTER> to save (write) the current state of the file  Type :q<ENTER> to exit after saving  Combine it to :wq<ENTER> to save and exit • ZZ will do the same with less strokes https://graphics.tu-bs.de/teaching/ss19/padi/

Basic Vim Commands – Editing Faster • Using a count  Executes a command several times  3j goes down 3 lines  3iabc<ESC> inserts “ abcabcabc ” • Saving Macros  q<Macrokey><Command>q saves the <Command> on <Macrokey>  @<Macrokey> executes the saved command • Executing last text edit again  . executes the last edit again  Pure movements are ignored https://graphics.tu-bs.de/teaching/ss19/padi/

Basic Vim Commands – More Commands • Uppercase keys have similar commands  Makes them quite intuitive • Go to insert mode  I / i go to insert mode in front of line/cursor  A / a go to insert mode at end of line/cursor  O / o insert news line above/below line and go to insert mode • Moving in file  G / gg move to end/start of file  <Number>G move to line <Number>  w / b move to start of next/prior word  e / ge move to end of next/prior word https://graphics.tu-bs.de/teaching/ss19/padi/

Handling several Files • Tabs  :tabe <File> will open the <File> in a new tab, after the current one  gt / gT switches to the next / previous tab  <Count> gt switches to the <Count> th tab • Split window  :sp / :vsp splits the window horizontally / vertically  <CTRL - w>h / j / k / l move the cursor to the left/bottom/top/right split • Splits can vary between Tabs  <CTRL - w> T turn the current split into a tab https://graphics.tu-bs.de/teaching/ss19/padi/

Configure your Vim • Create/edit .vimrc / _vimrc file in your home folder  Contains optional runtime configuration settings to initialize Vim • set numbers show the line numbers • set cindent automatic C-like indenting • “ for comments • ab for abbreviations • … • It is a good start to look up some standard .vimrc and keep updating to your desire https://graphics.tu-bs.de/teaching/ss19/padi/

A good start: vimtutor • vimtutor comes along with vim • (interactive) vim tutorial in a terminal  In vim!! • Learn basic commands  Moving  Exiting  Editing • Just type „vimtutor“ in a terminal to start https://graphics.tu-bs.de/teaching/ss19/padi/

More advanced techniques: Try VimGolf! • https://vimgolf.com/  Real Vim ninjas count every keystroke - do you? • Edit a specified file with as few keystrokes as possible  See solutions of others within a certain range of your entry  Learn new commands or combinations • To make it fair, VimGolf uses a predefined .vimrc  No copy/paste from solution file allowed  No external scripts allowed https://graphics.tu-bs.de/teaching/ss19/padi/

Church of Vim Vim was originally an extensible text editor written by Bram Moolenaar, but it became a way of life and a religion. To join the Church of Vim, you need only pronounce the Confession of the Faith: There is no system but GNU, and Linux is one of its kernels. http://www.avelino.xxx/2015/03/church-vim https://graphics.tu-bs.de/teaching/ss19/padi/