Overview of External Insulation Monitoring in Combined Harsh Desert, Marine & Industrial Environments RAOUF ZNAIDI
“ OVE VERV RVIE IEW W O Of f EXTERNAL TERNAL IN INSU SULA LATI TION ON MONIT NITORING ORING IN COMB OMBINED NED Har arsh sh DESE SERT RT , M , MARINE NE & INDUST STRIAL RIAL ENVIRONMENTS VIRONMENTS “ By By Raouf uf ZNAIDI AIDI Consult ltant ant, , TUN UNISI ISIA. A. 1
PL PLAN AN OF OF THE HE PR PRESE ESENTATION: NTATION: I./ Desert & SEA-Coast : With Particular Reference to Their Proportion & Impact on HV Systems in Northern Africa & Middle- East, II ./ External Insulation In Northern Africa & Middle East, Case Studies : STEG – Tunisia Case, GRTE- SONELGAZ Algeria Case, ONEE - MOROCCO Case , KAHRAMAA- Qatar, GCCIA – KSA Case, III ./ Pertinent FIELD OBSERVATIONS & COMBINED PREVENTIVE & PREDICTIVE Measures … 2
THE SAHARA: The World's Largest Hot Desert Stretching From The Atlantic Ocean to The Red Sea . Called “ Dry Lands“ that Receive < 25 cm of Rain/ Year.. 3
KNOWN AS “ MENA ” REGION ( MIDDLE EAST & NORTH AFRICA) : TUNISIA MOROCCO QATAR ALGERIA K S A ca case e studies udies 4
External Insulation & Insulation Coordination : Varied Number of Insulators /String/Syst. Voltage Number Tunisia Algeria Morocco KSA1&2 Qatar Of Insulator 220 400 220 400 220 400 380 400 220 400 Discs/string/Volt Tension 18 24 20 37 18 Sir 37 24A 45A Tower A-f A AF A AF, Sir Sir A-F Sir Sir Suspension 16 23 18 AF 35 18 AF, 24 A Sir 43 21A 45A Sir. Towers A-f A A Sir Sir Std Sir Sir Unif.Spec.leak.Dist 58 60 62 68 70 mm/KV.ØØ Sir 5 St. Standard A:aero Anti-Fog (AF)
Coastal lines Length & Sahara Desert Proportion In Northern Africa ... 1 298 km 1 622 km TUNISIA 1 835 km 40% MOROCCO 90% 92% ALGERIA 94% 6
Ext xternal ernal Insu nsulati lation on In n No Norther thern n Afric rica a : : ST STEG EG -TUN UNISIA ISIA CASE ASE 7
ENERGIZED TEST STATIONS “ ETS ” I Goulette: LOCATION IN TUNISIA : 18 “E.T.S” Representing Combined Marine -Industrial/ Desert- Desert/ Desert-Marine- -Industrial Pollution… II Zarzis: 3 TEST STATIONS With MONITORING SYSTEM (Ih & METEO. III Douz: PARAMETERS ): I Goulette: Marine Industrial Pollution II Zarzis: Marine Desert Pollution, III Douz: Desert Polluti on 8
Goulette Test station Used as An Optimizing Tool for insulators Selection & Maintenance & for Training Courses.. . 9
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Leakage akage Cu Curr rrent ent & Weath ther er em . Paramet ameters ers Monitoring onitoring syst ystem 11
Capteurs Météo: Vents, Monitoring Pluies, UV, H, T° capteurs courants system for fusibles Leakage Current Alarme sonore & Meteo. Alarme lumineuse Parameters Measurements: optimization of washing & Base de données maintenance 12 program.
OTHER STATIONS: ZARZIS Test Station Marine Pollution ‘Salt Spray…’ 13
Typical Local Test Station: Site Pollution Severity Assessment , “ In Contact ” Measurements Leads to Accurate ESDD/NSDD ( Avoiding any risk of Pollution losses ). 14
Severe Surface Erosion Of Glass Discs & Severe Corrosion of Both cap & Pin Insulators … Due to Severe Combined Sand Blasting & Salt Spray 15
Mechanical Deformation & Severe Corrosion Problem experienced on The first 120KN Aerodynamic insulator pin...On 220KV Systems. GABES- Tunisia . 16
16 mm 15,5 mm 13 mm 17
THE ADDITION OF AN SACRIFICIAL SLEEVE OR RING BECOME NECESSITY. 18
Non Uniform Pollution Distribution On Standard Cap &pin Glass Insulators In Desert Area Is Now Validated By Both Cigré & IEC . (Douz-Tunisia) 19
Chemical Analysis of insulator Contaminants in Desert & Marine environment ( in ppm). Site Ca Mg Na K Si P Fe zn Ins. Shape Stabdard Marine 875 100 800 52,5 16,4 0,6 <1 2,5 Desert 616 33 516 18,5 25 <4 <2 <1 open Marine 550 50 650 35 19,7 <1 <1 <1 Desert 464 16 364 10,9 19,6 <4 <1 <1 Marine 32,5 7,5 100 2,5 17,2 <1 <1 <1 Sir Desert 28 0.8 26,3 1,1 18,6 <1 <1 <1 NOTE: Chemical analysis Results have confirmed that local Desert sand contains up to 18% of salt … 20
DISTRIBUTION POLLUTION “RATIOS” : * ESDD/ NSDD = 1/2 to 1/3 . On reference glass insulator * WIND SIDE / LEE SIDE = 1/2 . * TOP SIDE / BOTTOM SIDE = 1/2 to 1/3 . * ESDD TOP SIDE RANGE = 0.1 to 0.4 mg/ cm² . * ESDD BOTTOM SIDE RANGE = 0.2 to 0.7 mg/cm² * ESDD BOTTOM “ HV end ” SIDE = up to 20% more pollution than other Discs. * ESDD VERTICAL / HORIZENTAL = + 20% • ESDD REFERENCE / AERODYNAMIC = 2. 21
Chemical Analysis of Combined Marine & Desert Natural Pollution Compared to IEC Artificial pollution.! In spite of the last revision Something Should be updated … Chemical Natural Tonoko in % Kaolin in % Element Pollution (in %) According to IEC According to IEC 25 61 73 Si Fe <2 17 1.5 Al - 14 23 616 - - Ca 18.5 6.5 _ K 33 0.6 _ Mg Na 516 _ _ Ti - 0.6 1.6 22
BIZERTE KELIBIA POLLUTION MAP Goulette Of TUNISIAN EL KEF MAHDIA NETWORK ALGERIA MONITORING TEST STATION SFAX ESDD, NSDD , I.higest & GAFSA GABES JERBA METEO. PARAMETERS… KEBILI ZARZIS UV, Wind, T°, Humidity, Rain DOUZ TUNISIA ESDD ( mg Nacl /cm 2 ) ESDD< 0.30 ( LEVEL I ) LYBIA ESDD DD 0.30 ( LEVEL II ) Last Update: 2010. 23
BIZERTE Ranking By KELIBIA EL KEF MAHDIA Order of Merit ALGERIA SFAX of Suitable GAFSA GABES DJERBA insulators For ZARZIS KEBILI each Area . LYBIA 24
Insulators Profile Suitability VS Environment PROFILE/SHAPE Suspension Tension Marine Desert Marine Desert Standard Open Anti-fog Sir Alt. Sheds Sir Reg. Sheds Legend: Unsuitable Suitable Acceptable 25
Ext xternal ernal Insu nsulati lation on In n No Norther thern n Afric rica a : : GRTE TE -ALGE ALGERIA RIA CA CASE SE 26
OVERVIEW of The MOST POLLUTED AREA In ALGERIA… Combined Petrochemical & Industrial & Marine Pollution « Marsat.ORAN ». 27
Petroch ochemi emica cal plant chimney ney relea easi sing g a perma manent ent 24 24/24 24 H H p per Day ay dark thick sm smoke e 28
External Insulation Of 400KV Systems GRTE-ALGERIA case: 37 Aerodynamic Type Tension Glass Discs 34 Aerodynamic Suspension Glass Discs 29
Original rTV COaTing in grTE’s subsTaTiOn : On Only y 2/3 of of E Ext xter ernal al Insu sula lation on ha have ve been en COaTEd… 30
Pe Pertinent tinent St Study dy : Loc ocali alizat zation ion of of ST STOR ORK K Em Emigr gration ation Roa oads ds & Po Popu pulation ation … 31
Or Orig igin inal al An Anti-Sto Stork rk Tech chnique ique Adding Ad Additi tion onal al Aerody dynamic ic Insu sulat ator or Cal alled ed « Umb mbrell rella Tech chnique» ique» 32
Live ve Line ne Washing shing By y Helic licop opte ter r Is Widely idely Proved ved on n GRET ’ s HV HV Systems ystems 33
Co Costly tly Mounte nted d Live ve Line ne Washin hing g By y grTE’s CrEw in EmErgEnCy CasEs… 34
Insulator Test station in ORAN- Western Algeria leading to Validation of Previous Tunisian Field Results. ( Including training of GRTE & CREDEG Working Group )! 35
GRTE-SONELGAZ-Algeria Test Station Installed in the most polluted area in Oran (North-Western Algeria) within Periodic In Contact Pollution Measurements & Analysis :ESDD/NSDD. (2006-2008). 36
Ranking & selection of Suitable Insulators Profile & Material … ALGERIA Case… . 37
PERTINENT CONCLUSION: Insulators Ranking Results in Oran (Algeria) Confirm & Validate Similar Previous Works Performed in The Same Environmental Conditions in South-Eastern Tunisia Gabès… Same Ranking Ranking Ranking MOROCCO Tunisi sia AL ALGERIA GERIA 38
Optimum Profile Characteristics of Insulators for Severe Dry Pollution. Open Profile : Most suitable for pollution type A. Standard Insulators: acceptable spacing : 146 mm * Slope angle : 8 ° < α < < 12°,* ,* S/P P Ra Ratio: io: (self lf-cleaning cleaning) ) S/P > 0 > 0.8* 8* Cr Creepag epage dist stance ance fact ctor: or: (Lt Lt/S /St) t) CF CF < < 4** ** • Alternat ternating ing sheds eds for Si compos mposite ite insulat sulators ors, • E- CR CR core re , • Protec otected ted Interf terface aces, s, • * Rec ecomm ommend ended ed for r Heavy avy & & very ry H. Po Pollut ution. ion. e . ** **Lt Lt: total cre reepa epage ge dist stan ance, ce, St: Ar Arc c distanc tance • 39
Ext xternal ernal Insu nsulati lation on In n No Norther thern n Afric rica a : : ONEE NEE -MO MOROCCO ROCCO CA CASE SE 40
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