Outcome 2 Components Graphemic / Orthographic control Andreas - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Outcome 2 – Components

Graphemic / Orthographic control

Andreas Guder Freie University Berlin, Germany

Communicative Strategies General Linguistic Vocabulary Range Range Grammatical Accuracy Phonological Control Vocabulary Control Orthographic Control Control Linguistic Sociolinguistic Pragmatic Communicative Language Competencies Communicative Activities Overall language Proficiency Communicative Strategies General Linguistic Vocabulary Range Range Grammatical Accuracy Grammatical Accuracy Phonological Control Phonological Control Vocabulary Control Vocabulary Control Orthographic Control Orthographic Control Orthographic Control Control Control Linguistic Sociolinguistic Pragmatic Communicative Language Competencies Communicative Activities Overall language Proficiency Communicative Activities Three main constituents of Communicative language competences are distinguished: linguistic, Sociolinguistic and Pragmatic. The linguistic competences are important in achieving efficiency and effectiveness in language

• use. For linguistic competence two factors are distinguished: range and control and within each of these two

factors several aspects are distinguished. For each box in the diagram descriptive scales are offered in the CEFR.

Divided in two parts: A) Sinographemic Competence and B) Hanyu Pinyin Reading and Writing competence

Descriptors + suggested knowledge and strategies

Level EBCL Coded CDS suggested knowledge and strategies for graphemic /

• rthographic control

A 1.1 E-SGC-A1.1-1 Can write down any character by hand after slow visual instruction (stroke by stroke)

• knows the basic principles of stroke order and stroke direction
• is aware that many characters can be further divided into

smaller components

• knows the main rules of composition of complex characters
• can distinguish simple (独体字) from complex (合体字)

characters E-SGC-A1.1-2 Can write down any lexical item

• r short phrase by hand after

slow visual instruction (stroke by stroke)

• knows the difference between words, characters and

components and does not confuse these three categories

• knows that in di- or polysyllabic words mostly each character

has a morphemic function E-SGC(R)-A1.1-1 Can tell whether a given text is written in Modern Chinese or Modern Japanese E-SGC(R)-A.1.1-2 understands the function of common Chinese punctuation marks that have the same function as in European languages (。 ， ： ！？“”)

Level EBCL Coded CDS suggested knowledge and strategies for graphemic /

• rthographic control

A 1 E-SGC-A1.2-1 Can copy familiar words and characters as well as unfamiliar characters in simple signs or names. E-SGC-A1.2-2 can write Chinese characters with the help of electronic devices .

• knows how to use the Pinyin input method (refer to

Hanyu Pinyin Reading and Writing competence) E-SGC-A1.2-3 Can write down his/her gender, nationality and any date (like one’s birthday) by hand.

A1+ E-SGC-A1+-1 knows how to use dictionaries or electronic devices to look up lexical items of unknown characters E-SGC(R)-A1+-1 Can tell the meaning of about 15 different semantic components even if they are parts of unknown characters E-SGC(R)-A1+-2 Can tell whether a given text is written in Chinese traditional characters or mainland characters

• can tell the difference between semantic components and phonetic

components of Chinese characters in general

• knows about 15 semantic components and can name them in his / her

mother tongue Examples: 亻 亻 亻 亻/人 人 人 人 person 氵 氵 氵 氵/ 水 水 水 水 water, liquid 土 土 土 土 earth, locality 女 女 女 女 woman / female 火 火 火 火 / 灬 灬 灬 灬 fire / (verbs of cooking) 木 木 木 木 wood 扌 扌 扌 扌/ 手 手 手 手 hand / (verbs of doing sth with hand(s) 辶 辶 辶 辶/ 走 走 走 走 (verbs of fast movement) 口 口 口 口 mouth / (particle of orality) 讠 讠 讠 讠/言 言 言 言 words / (verbs of speech) 饣 饣 饣 饣/ 食 食 食 食 food 忄 忄 忄 忄/ 心 心 心 心 heart (words of emotionality) 月 月 月 月 moon / flesh (parts of the human body) 贝 贝 贝 贝 shell / (words of money and trade) 纟 纟 纟 纟/ 糸 糸 糸 糸 silk 日 日 日 日 sun / time 钅 钅 钅 钅/ 金 金 金 金 metal 艹 艹 艹 艹 grass, plant 石 石 石 石 stone ⺮ ⺮ ⺮ ⺮ bamboo 宀 宀 宀 宀 roof

• is familiar with certain graphic variants of important semantic

components like 亻 亻 亻 亻/

• 扌

扌 扌 扌/

• 饣

饣 饣 饣/

• 忄

忄 忄 忄/

• 讠

讠 讠 讠/

• 氵

氵 氵 氵/

• Sinographemic competence A 1+

Sinographemic competence A 1+

Level EBCL Coded CDS suggested knowledge and strategies for graphemic /

• rthographic control

A 2

E-SGC-A2-1 Can copy short phrases on everyday subjects by hand without hesitation - e.g. names of institutions. E-SGC-A2-2 Can write by hand with reasonable graphemic accuracy so that the written characters are understood by other readers or by an OCR device E-SGC(R)-A2-1 understands the function of Chinese punctuation marks dunhao 号 号 号 号（、） （、） （、） （、） shenglüehao

• 号

号 号 号（ （ （ （……） ） ） ）, shuminghao 书 书 书 书

• 号

号 号 号（ （ （ （《》 《》 《》 《》 〈〉 〈〉 〈〉 〈〉） ） ） ）and zhuanminghao 专 专 专 专

• 号

号 号 号 （ （ （ （﹒﹒ ﹒﹒ ﹒﹒ ﹒﹒） ） ） ）

• knows examples of characters that share the same

phonetic components

• knows the four main categories of characters (in his/her

mothertongue): pictographic / indicating (象形字 象形字 象形字 象形字 and 指 指 指 指 示字 示字 示字 示字), semantic compound (会意字 会意字 会意字 会意字), phonetic loan (假借字 假借字 假借字 假借字) and semantic-phonetic ( 形声字 形声字 形声字 形声字)

Note concerning Hanyu Pinyin competence:

Not every speaker of Chinese is familiar with Hanyu Pinyin. However, Hanyu Pinyin is by far the most widely used transcription system for the Chinese language and the Standard transcription for the Chinese language by the United Nations and is needed for visualisation of pronunciation, for the usage of most dictionaries and for digital input of Chinese characters in text processing and other applications. Thus, “Hanyu Pinyin Reading and Writing competence” is strongly recommended as an additional competence for European Learners

• f Chinese.

10/23/201211-13/07/2012 BCLTS 2012, University of Central Lancashire, Preston 8

Level EBCL Coded CDS suggested knowledge and strategies for graphemic /

• rthographic control

A 1.1

E-GOCPY-A1.1-1 Can understand familiar words and sentences when written in Pinyin with tone marks.

• knows the function of letters and tone marks of the Pinyin

alphabet as a transcription system for the Chinese language

• can link Hanyu Pinyin with the corresponding Chinese

characters if a word or text is given in both writing systems E-GOCPY-A1.1-2 Can write down isolated words and short sentences in Pinyin with mostly correct tone marks.

Level EBCL Coded CDS suggested knowledge and strategies for graphemic / orthographic control A 1

E-GOCPY-A1.2-1 Can write down most syllables in Pinyin including tone marks with reasonable accuracy if they are pronounced correctly.

Task: Learners listen to unknown names of Chinese cities or unknown Chinese words and write them down in (mainly correct) Pinyin.

E-GOCPY-A1.2-2 Can read out most Pinyin syllables correctly. E-GOCPY-A1.2-3 Can type characters and texts with a computer using the pinyin input method.

E-GOCPY-A1+-1 Can read out any Pinyin syllable with correct pronunciation.

E-GOCPY-A2-1 Can read, write and understand short Pinyin sentences on everyday subjects or in grammar model sentences E-GOCPY-A2-2 Can write down in Pinyin any Chinese word with correct tone marks after listening to its correct pronunciation.