Outcome 2 Components Graphemic / Orthographic control Andreas - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Outcome 2 – Components Graphemic / Orthographic control Andreas Guder Freie University Berlin, Germany

Overall language Proficiency Overall language Proficiency Communicative Communicative Communicative Communicative Communicative Communicative Communicative Strategies Strategies Language Competencies Language Competencies Activities Activities Activities Linguistic Linguistic Sociolinguistic Sociolinguistic Pragmatic Pragmatic Control Control Control Range Range Vocabulary Vocabulary General General Grammatical Grammatical Grammatical Phonological Phonological Phonological Range Range Linguistic Linguistic Accuracy Accuracy Accuracy Control Control Control Orthographic Orthographic Orthographic Orthographic Vocabulary Vocabulary Vocabulary Control Control Control Control Control Control Control Three main constituents of Communicative language competences are distinguished: linguistic, Sociolinguistic and Pragmatic. The linguistic competences are important in achieving efficiency and effectiveness in language use. For linguistic competence two factors are distinguished: range and control and within each of these two factors several aspects are distinguished. For each box in the diagram descriptive scales are offered in the CEFR.

Divided in two parts: A) Sinographemic Competence and B) Hanyu Pinyin Reading and Writing competence Descriptors + suggested knowledge and strategies

Level EBCL Coded CDS suggested knowledge and strategies for graphemic / orthographic control A 1.1 E-SGC-A1.1-1 - knows the basic principles of stroke order and stroke direction Can write down any character by - is aware that many characters can be further divided into hand after slow visual instruction smaller components (stroke by stroke) - knows the main rules of composition of complex characters - can distinguish simple ( 独体字 ) from complex ( 合体字 ) characters E-SGC-A1.1-2 - knows the difference between words, characters and Can write down any lexical item components and does not confuse these three categories or short phrase by hand after - knows that in di- or polysyllabic words mostly each character slow visual instruction (stroke by has a morphemic function stroke) E-SGC(R)-A1.1-1 Can tell whether a given text is written in Modern Chinese or Modern Japanese E-SGC(R)-A.1.1-2 understands the function of common Chinese punctuation marks that have the same function as in European languages ( 。 ， ： ！？ “”)

Level EBCL Coded CDS suggested knowledge and strategies for graphemic / orthographic control A 1 E-SGC-A1.2-1 Can copy familiar words and characters as well as unfamiliar characters in simple signs or names. E-SGC-A1.2-2 - knows how to use the Pinyin input method (refer to can write Chinese characters with the Hanyu Pinyin Reading and Writing competence) help of electronic devices . E-SGC-A1.2-3 Can write down his/her gender, nationality and any date (like one’s birthday) by hand.

Sinographemic competence A 1+ Sinographemic competence A 1+ A1+ E-SGC-A1+-1 - can tell the difference between semantic components and phonetic knows how to use dictionaries or components of Chinese characters in general electronic devices to look up lexical items of unknown - knows about 15 semantic components and can name them in his / her characters mother tongue Examples: 亻 亻 / 人 亻 亻 人 人 人 person E-SGC(R)-A1+-1 Can tell the 氵 / 水 氵 氵 氵 水 水 水 water, liquid meaning of about 15 different 土 土 土 土 earth, locality 女 女 女 女 woman / female semantic components even if 火 火 / 灬 火 火 灬 灬 灬 fire / (verbs of cooking) they are parts of unknown 木 木 木 木 wood 扌 / 手 扌 扌 扌 手 手 手 hand / (verbs of doing sth with hand(s) characters 辶 / 走 辶 走 (verbs of fast movement) 辶 辶 走 走 口 口 口 口 mouth / (particle of orality) 讠 讠 / 言 讠 讠 言 言 言 words / (verbs of speech) E-SGC(R)-A1+-2 Can tell whether 饣 饣 / 食 饣 饣 食 食 food 食 a given text is written in Chinese 忄 / 心 忄 忄 忄 心 heart (words of emotionality) 心 心 月 月 月 月 moon / flesh (parts of the human body) traditional characters or mainland 贝 贝 贝 贝 shell / (words of money and trade) 纟 纟 / 糸 纟 纟 糸 糸 糸 silk 日 日 日 日 characters sun / time 钅 / 金 钅 金 metal 艹 艹 钅 钅 金 金 艹 艹 grass, plant 石 石 石 石 stone ⺮ ⺮ ⺮ ⺮ bamboo 宀 宀 宀 宀 roof - is familiar with certain graphic variants of important semantic 亻 / � � � � 扌 / � � � � 饣 / � � � � 忄 / � � � � 讠 / � � � � 氵 / � � � � components like 亻 亻 亻 扌 扌 扌 饣 饣 饣 忄 忄 忄 讠 讠 讠 氵 氵 氵

Level EBCL Coded CDS suggested knowledge and strategies for graphemic / orthographic control A 2 E-SGC-A2-1 Can copy short phrases on everyday subjects by hand without hesitation - e.g. names of institutions. E-SGC-A2-2 - knows examples of characters that share the same Can write by hand with reasonable graphemic phonetic components accuracy so that the written characters are understood by other readers or by an OCR - knows the four main categories of characters (in his/her mothertongue): pictographic / indicating ( 象形字 象形字 象形字 象形字 and 指 指 指 指 device 示字 示字 示字 示字 ), semantic compound ( 会意字 会意字 会意字 会意字 ), phonetic loan ( 假借字 假借字 假借字 ) 假借字 and semantic-phonetic ( 形声字 形声字 ) 形声字 形声字 E-SGC(R)-A2-1 understands the function of Chinese punctuation marks dunhao � 号 � 号 � 号 （、） � 号 （、） （、） （、） shenglüehao �� �� �� �� 号 号 号 （ 号 （ （ （ …… ） ） ） ） , shuminghao 书 书 � 书 书 � � � 号 （ 号 （《》 《》 〈〉 〈〉） ） and zhuanminghao 专 专 � � 号 号 号 号 （ （ 《》 《》 〈〉 〈〉 ） ） 专 专 � � 号 号 （ ﹒﹒ （ （ （ ﹒﹒ ） ） ） ） ﹒﹒ ﹒﹒

Note concerning Hanyu Pinyin competence: Not every speaker of Chinese is familiar with Hanyu Pinyin. However, Hanyu Pinyin is by far the most widely used transcription system for the Chinese language and the Standard transcription for the Chinese language by the United Nations and is needed for visualisation of pronunciation, for the usage of most dictionaries and for digital input of Chinese characters in text processing and other applications. Thus, “ Hanyu Pinyin Reading and Writing competence” is strongly recommended as an additional competence for European Learners of Chinese. BCLTS 2012, University of Central Lancashire, 10/23/201211-13/07/2012 Preston 8

Level EBCL Coded CDS suggested knowledge and strategies for graphemic / orthographic control A 1.1 - knows the function of letters and tone marks of the Pinyin E-GOCPY-A1.1-1 Can understand familiar words and sentences alphabet as a transcription system for the Chinese language when written in Pinyin with tone marks. - can link Hanyu Pinyin with the corresponding Chinese characters if a word or text is given in both writing systems E-GOCPY-A1.1-2 Can write down isolated words and short sentences in Pinyin with mostly correct tone marks.

Level EBCL Coded CDS suggested knowledge and strategies for graphemic / orthographic control A 1 E-GOCPY-A1.2-1 Task: Learners listen to unknown names of Can write down most syllables in Pinyin Chinese cities or unknown Chinese words and including tone marks with reasonable write them down in (mainly correct) Pinyin. accuracy if they are pronounced correctly. E-GOCPY-A1.2-2 Can read out most Pinyin syllables correctly. E-GOCPY-A1.2-3 Can type characters and texts with a computer using the pinyin input method.

E-GOCPY-A1+-1 Can read out any Pinyin syllable with correct pronunciation.

E-GOCPY-A2-1 Can read, write and understand short Pinyin sentences on everyday subjects or in grammar model sentences E-GOCPY-A2-2 Can write down in Pinyin any Chinese word with correct tone marks after listening to its correct pronunciation.