On representing semantic maps On representing semantic maps - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Sep 26, 2022 109 likes •329 views

On representing semantic maps On representing semantic maps Ferdinand de Haan Ferdinand de Haan University of Arizona University of Arizona Problems with terminology Problems with terminology Terminological proliferation one function,

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On representing semantic maps On representing semantic maps

Ferdinand de Haan Ferdinand de Haan University of Arizona University of Arizona

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Problems with terminology Problems with terminology

 Terminological proliferation

one function, many terms

 Terminological imprecision

one term which has a precise meaning but

which is used differently (or more widely) in actual fact

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Terminological Terminological proliferation proliferation

 deontic modality  root modality  dynamic modality  agent-oriented modality  participant-oriented modality  non-epistemic modality

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Terminological Terminological imprecision imprecision

Optative mood

 “the wish or hope of the speaker expressed in a

main clause” (Bybee et al. 1994:179)

 “The morpheme labeled optative [in

Athabaskan] is used to express wishes and desires, incorporating notions of volition, necessity, desirability, and futurity.” (Rice 2000:249)

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Semantic maps Semantic maps

Visual representation of the semantic range

f linguistic elements

Used in typology for cross-linguistic and

diachronic purposes

Useful to circumvent terminological

problems

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Composition Composition

 A domain  functions of that domain  means of connecting functions  linguistic elements

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A B C

X

Sample map

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Realis and Irrealis Realis and Irrealis

Linguistic marking of real and unreal events Held to be a fundamental property of

language and cognition

Little consistency in marking of irrealis

cross-linguistically (cf. Bybee 1998)

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Irrealis in New Guinea Irrealis in New Guinea

Based on Bugenhagen (1994)
data from seven languages
seven functions are mapped

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PRS FUT

COUNT HYP

IMP PROH PST

Semantic map for Realis - Irrealis Semantic map for Realis - Irrealis

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1 3 6 7 4 5 2

Semantic map for Realis - Irrealis Semantic map for Realis - Irrealis

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1 3 6 7 4 5 2

Sinaugoro Sinaugoro

R I Int.

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1 3 6 7 4 5 2

Manam Manam

R I

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1 3 6 7 4 5 2

Sio Sio

unm. I

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1 3 6 7 4 5 2

Sursurunga Sursurunga

R I

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1 3 6 7 4 5 2

Mangseng Mangseng

unm. aro don’t

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1 3 6 7 4 5 2

Nakanai Nakanai

unm. ge

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1 3 6 7 4 5 2

Muyuw Muyuw

R unm. I

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1 3 6 7 4 5 2

Manam Manam

R I

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1 3 6 7 4 5 2

Sinaugoro Sinaugoro

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