Next generation Power Plants and Impact Lorenz Singheiser - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Next generation Power Plants and Impact

Lorenz Singheiser

Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH HGF Event Evolutionary Energie Systems of the Future Brussels 5th November 2008

Global electricity generation

reference scenario World Energy Outlook 2006, IEA

Gas 2004 – 2030: + 128%, Coal 2004 – 2030: + 112% Gas 2004 – 2030: + 128%, Coal 2004 – 2030: + 112%

5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 30000 35000 40000 1990 2004 2015 2030 Erneuerbare o.W. Wasser Nuklear Gas Öl Kohle TWh

Quelle: IEA 2006

5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 30000 35000 40000 1990 2004 2015 2030 renewables without water water nuclear gas

• il

coal

TWh

source: IEA 2006

Long-term energy mix with CO2- emissions

Long-term goals of Cooretec – Strategy

http://www.fz-juelich.de/ptj/projekte/datapool/page/1329/doku527.pdf

CO2 reduction by increased efficiency of combined cycle Power plants

5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 1970 1980 1990 2000

Year of introduction CO

2- Reduction (%)

Basis: Turbine with 880 °C, 9,6 bar GT 13B GT 13C GT 13D GT 13D2 GT 13E1 GT 13E2 GT 26

Source : Alstom

Efficiency increase: less emissions & fuel savings

aero engine technology

Materials Research for Gas Turbines at Helmholtz

• fibre reinforced ceramics and

intermetallics

to ensure efficiencies > 65 % (2015) > 70 % (beyond 2020)

Source: Siemens Journals

Gas temperature target: > 1400 °C Base material life: 50000 h Coating life: 25000 h Rotor life: 100000 h

• reliable thermal barrier coatings (TBCs)

for combustors and front stage blading

• new TBCs with higher temperature

capability 1400 °C

• life prediction methodologies

for TBC coated SX alloys as integral part of the design

• austenitic rotors (also for steam turbines)

New TBC Systems for > 65 % Efficiency

• ffer highest potential for GTs

state of the art TBC system

200 µm

YSZ current DS, SX alloys MCrAlY bond coating > 1400 °C new bond coatings YSZ next gen. SX alloy La2Zr2O7

goal 2015 TBC system

1100 °C > 1000 °C

Temperature

950 °C 1100 °C

Institute of Energy Research IEF 2 Mi t t d P ti f M t i l Vaßen, et al.

state of the art: 1000 MWel, 610 °C / 275 bar, η = 45 % High efficient coal fired power plants 2014: 700 °C, 350 bar, η > 50 % 2020: 760 °C, 350 bar, η = 55 %)

Coal fired power plants and new processes

8

> 700 °C Steam power plants:

• Ni alloys with higher creep strength
• steam and fireside corrosion resistance
• low cost manufacturing and welding
• microstructural stability & life modeling

700 °C, steam IN 617 pipe at 700 °C P92, 600 °C, steam

IN 617, 700°C, steam

New power plant processes Oxyfuel, IGCC

• environmental & mechanical integrity
• chemical hot gas cleaning
• f fossil and biogenic fuels
• deposit formation

Gasifier

Gas Cleaner

Efficiency increase not enough to meet CO2 reduction targets of EU

efficiency increase by 5 %-points: 10,2 % CO2- reduction efficiency increase by 10 %-points: 20.5 % CO2- reduction Carbon capture and storage technologies required : >80 % CO2- reduction Current capture technologies (air liquification, MEA wash) result in efficiency penalties of 8 – 15 % : 30 % MORE FUEL REQUIRED Capture by membranes offers less efficiency penalties :

• FZ Jülich:

ceramic membrane systems

• GKKS Geesthacht :

polymer membrane systems

• GFZ Potsdam:

storage of CO2:

Gas separation membranes in power plants

H2,CO2 (N2) partial

• xidation

fuel (fossil, biomass) CO shift H2O (N2), H2O Power plant N2/O2 separation H2/CO2 separation H2 CO2 + H2O Post combustion Pre combustion Oxyfuel air O2 condensation CO2 N2/O2 separation air O2 Power plant fuel(fossil, biomass) N2 N2 N2/CO2 separation CO2+H2O condensation CO2 (90%N2/10%CO2) air fuel(fossil, biomass) Power plant N2 CO2

Überblick zur Helmholtz Allianz MEM-BRAIN

MEM-BRAIN

HGF-ALLIANCE

Gas Separation Membranes for Power Plants Strategy:

• strategic alliance HGF & Univ.
• bundling of competences
• create critical mass

Topics:

• new materials with
• high permeability
• long-term stability
• manufacturing technologies

for components

• process analysis
• economic and ecological

aspects

Development of components, testing & life models

mechanical integrity & environmental stability

50 100 150 0,05 0,1 0,15 0,2 strain [%] stress [MPa] air LSCV pO2 = 10-20 bar pO2 = 10-15 bar

permeability & selectivity Powder proceesing & manufacturing components & upscaling

Process analysis

Integration of membranes into power plants

• identify optimum operation conditions
• temperature, pressure, gas composition
• minimize efficiency losses
• cost calculation
• benchmark with competing capture technologies
• design & integration of membrane modules

CO2 and H2O Kneer et al.

Roadmap: Membrane based CO2 capture

MEM-BRAIN I Basic Research MEM- BRAIN Basic research MEM-BRAIN II Component development Component development

Component tests

Membrane Institute

Centre for CO2-free Energie Conversion

700 °C steam PP, > 500 MW EON, η > 50 % CC Irsching Siemens, η > 60 % CO2-free Technologies η− Technologies

2010 2015 2020

Membrane Research OXYCOAL- AC, 500 KW Vattenfall Oxyfuel, 30 MW ADECOS E.ON CC Oxyfuel, UK RWE- IGCC, 450 MW CCS Technology MEM-BRAIN III Upscaling & testing Upscaling & Testing

CO2 –free power plants

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THANK YOU !

• L. Singheiser