New Developments In Risk Science And Causality The 1854 Cholera - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Aug 01, 2023 217 likes •523 views

New Developments In Risk Science And Causality The 1854 Cholera Epidemic Broad Street Pump Artist rendition c. 1850 Packham SC - New Developments In Risk Science And Causality 3 Map showing the areas within walking distance of the

SLIDE 1

New Developments In Risk Science And Causality

SLIDE 2

The 1854 Cholera Epidemic

SLIDE 3

Broad Street Pump

Artist rendition c. 1850

Packham SC - New Developments In Risk Science And Causality 3

SLIDE 4

Map showing the areas within walking distance of the Broad Street pump.

Packham SC - New Developments In Risk Science And Causality 4

SLIDE 5

Spatial distribution

f cases.

X

X - Focus of infection

St. Like’s Church
Workhouse/prison

SLIDE 6

Reverend Henry Whitehead

SLIDE 7

John Snow

1813 - 1858 Considered one of the fathers

f epidemiology

SLIDE 8

Broad Street Pump July 2014

SLIDE 9

1854 Science of causality was divided

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SLIDE 11

Science eventually led to supremacy of the Germ Theory

SLIDE 12

Other Science of the 19 Century

SLIDE 13

Science of the 20th Century

SLIDE 14

Wright Brothers

SLIDE 15

Jonas E Salk

1914-1995

SLIDE 16

Lectures on Science 16

SLIDE 17

Helen Keller & Ann Sullivan

SLIDE 18

The Importance of Words

SLIDE 19

Empirical knowledge:

A body of knowledge of the natural world produced through observations, empirical evidence, and experimentation.

SLIDE 20

Theoretical knowledge:

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Practical knowledge:

SLIDE 22

John Snow’s investigation of the 1854 Cholera

Epidemic incorporated all three forms of scientific knowledge.

SLIDE 23

Cause / Causality

Causality is the relationship between causes and effects.
It is considered to be fundamental to all natural science,

especially physics.

Causality is also a topic studied from the perspectives
f philosophy and statistics.
Causality means that an effect cannot occur from a cause

which is not in the past.

SLIDE 24

Sir Bradford A Hill

SLIDE 25

An Antidote for CO Poisoning

SLIDE 26

CO transfer from Hg to Ngb

SLIDE 27

From the perspective of an environmental toxicologist.

1

Sciences relating to human biology are essential in establishing cause.

2

Risk, alone, cannot establish “cause” comparable to that achieved by Stone.

3

Causation requires a coherence between risk and a knowledge

f human biology

mechanism.

SLIDE 28

Risk, Science, and Causality

: Empirical, Theoretical and Practical

SLIDE 29 Packham SC - New Developnts In Risk Science And Causality