Nanotechnology in Agriculture and Food Technology Food and - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Nanotechnology in Agriculture and Food Technology

Food and Agriculture Bioengineering

―Green Science‖

From fish to fungus, trees to turnips, potatoes to paper, green nanobiotechnology (science related to the raising of plants and animals to produce food, feed, fiber or fuel) is about more than pesticides and genetic engineering.

http://en.epochtimes.com/news/6-2-15/38219.html http://www.kjbeath.com.au/photos/fungi%202/Pages/Red_Fungus.html

How can small science have such a big impact? How can small science have such a big impact?

How Big Is Nano?

http://www.terressentials.com/exposure.html

This is one nanometer!

http://www.nano.gov/html/facts/The_scale_of_things.html

Where is Nanoscience in Agriculture and Food Science?

image from : http://members.ift.org/NR/rdonlyres/5F641E00-290A-4EB0-93D7-C02171FF5D17/0/1203moraru.pdf

Areas of Nanoscience Research in Agriculture and Food Science

• 1. Pathogen, (something that can cause

a disease), and contaminant detection 2. Tracking crops and products 3. Nanodevices for molecular and cell biology 4. Nanoscale materials science and engineering 5. Environmental issues and agricultural waste 6. Educating the public and future workforce

On the next few pages we‘ll look at nanoscience research in some of these areas.

http://www.lowimpactliving.com/pages/newsletters/newsletter-green-certifications

1. Pathogen and Contaminant Detection

Or sensors which can slow decomposition and detect pathogens before your nose does.

http://64.202.120.86/upload/image/news/stopping-the-bacteria-from-talking/stopping-the-bacteria1-.jpg

Imagine using nanotechnology to create self-healing materials or coatings that can modify agricultural materials or packaging to prevent microbial contamination;

Eat ‗em Up, Then…

The tiny pathogens (germs) get confused and bind to the particles instead of real cells, then ―flush‖ - out they go through the digestive system—keeping chickens safer and healthier for human consumption. If it works on chickens, who‘s next?

http://www.popularmechanics.com/science/research/4270075.html

Researchers are experimenting with new pathogen-disabling nanoparticles to keep chickens healthy. Nano particles are added to feed and mimic cell surfaces inside the chicken.

Hand-Helds

http://www.foodproductiondaily.com/news/ng.asp?n=72578-nano-pathogens-sensor http://www.thedarwinpapers.com/oldsite/number6/Number6_files/inspect1.gif

On the other hand, scientists are working

• n a simple inexpensive

hand-held instrument that can detect bacteria in 15 minutes using nanotechnology.

2.

Tracking Crops and Products

Traceable nanotags and food quality sensors could

 Improve food

quality, taste and nutritional value

 Preserve foods

and extend nutritional stability

http://nano.foe.org.au/image/view/222

Food Poisoning

scientists are eager to develop nanosized geotracers that enable users to locate precisely the

• rigin of agricultural

products.

http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2006-02/ir-tfp020706.php http://www.braintree.gov.uk/Braintree/environment/food/Food+Poisoning.htm http://www.nfis.com.au/foodbiz/Dec2005/images/food_cafe420.jpg

In the wake of widespread food poisoning scares in spinach, tomatoes, cilantro, and peppers,

3.

Nanoscience in Molecular and Cell Biology

 Develop surfaces that select, reject

• r bond to molecules based on

nanotechnology. Nanotechnology is making revolutionary changes within cells which will improve agriculture and the food industry in amazing ways.

 Develop better soil additives,

fertilizers, pesticides, and soil conditioners.

And…

 Explore more efficient

methods of molecular modification.

http://www.jnjgateway.com/home.jhtml?loc=USENG&page=viewContent&contentId=09008b9880ec8e18&parentId=09008b9880ec8c7 http://www.technologyreview.com/read_article.aspx?id=17578&ch=nanotech

 Identify new

agriculturally-derived molecules for industrial and biomedical applications.

Healthy, Yet Tasty, Donuts?

• By using water instead of oil in foods to

reduce fat,

Wow! I‘m really interested in that nanotechnology!

• And creating textures that feel like high

fat foods in your mouth. With the help of nanoscience, some foods might be taken off

• f the ‗no-no‘ list:

http://www.isrealli.org/another-reason-to-trash-junk-food/

No Kidding?

 Mask unwanted odors

and flavors.

http://nyc.metblogs.com/archives/images/2007/01/smelly.bmp http://www.amazon.com/Eat-delicious-desirable-successful-packaging/dp/288046773X

 Make food

packaging edible. Picture that!

Let‘s Have Some Ice Cream!

Not only is nanotechnology allowing oil to be replaced by water to make foods, like ice cream, healthier. It is also developing low fat ice creams by decreasing the size of the emulsion particles that give ice-cream its

• texture. Using up to 90%

less of the emulsion and decrease fat content from 16% to about 1%!

http://www.mylilypads.com/images/products/me-bath-ice-cream.jpg

Eat Less, Gain More… Nutrients!

Some food and beverage products utilize nanosized-encapsulation to make the nutrients more easily absorbed by the

• rganism (increase uptake).

http://www.nutralease.com/company.asp

Save Energy, Last Longer

Nanoscience can reduce oil use in all types of restaurants, including all fast food establishments, by half. As a result of the large surface area at the nanoscale, it can extend the useful life span of the oil and it heats up more quickly which reduces the energy required for cooking.

http://files.nanobio-raise.org/Downloads/nfnaf.pdf http://www.oilfresh.com/of1000.html http://www.comesatradehub.com/images/products/8039972186.jpg

image: http://nanopedia.case.edu/NWPage.php?page=nanoagriculture

• 4. Nanoscale Materials Science and Engineering

Nanomaterials

 Conducting research to better understand the

mechanics of nanomaterials such as self- assembly, like the self-assembled capsule on the right.

Engineering and materials science at the nanoscale is also improving agriculture and the food industry:

http://nanotechnologytoday.blogspot.com/2008/04/self-assembled-materials-form-mini-stem.htm l

 Developing nanomaterials using DNA

as a building block, like DNA nanowires, DNA-microelectronic hybrids, bioseparation and biofilms.

5. Environmental Issues and Agricultural Waste

 Understanding the role of nanoparticles

(inorganic and organic) in the movement and uptake of nutrients and pollutants;

 And the movement and toxicity

• f nanoparticles in agricultural

pollution (dust, feedlot runoff);

 Reducing or converting animal

• r plant waste into useful products.

Agriculture is utilizing nanotechnology as it works toward the following solutions:

http://www.ontariocorn.org/magazine/Issues/2006/12%20December/F1-2b-Stewart-Manure%20Equip-Fig%202b.JPG http://www.tendringdc.gov.uk/NR/rdonlyres/51200D74-A40B-4104-AE7E-BD2FED5F6A0E/0/pollution.jpeg

Nanoscience Reducing Emissions

 Nanoscience is also helping

agriculture and the food industry reduce emissions from production

• perations.

Nanoscience Reducing Waste

 Understanding the

role of nanoparticles in the global carbon cycle.

 Designing and developing reusable

nanomaterials, such as nanocatalysts, that help reduce waste materials.

Nanotechnology Conserving Water

Understanding the role of nanoparticles in soil‘s water retention.

More Nanoscience Help for Soil

 Create ammonia needed in

fertilizer.

 Create artificial iron in water.  Prevent erosion with soil

binders that hold soils together.

http://www.rpi.edu/dept/chem-eng/Biotech-Environ/LEACH/heap.htm

 Clean soils using

nanoparticles in water that clean the soil as they pass through it.

Fewer Pesticides With Nanotechnology

In the near future nanostructured catalysts will be available which will increase the efficiency of pesticides and herbicides, allowing lower doses to be used.

http://files.nanobio-raise.org/Downloads/nfnaf.pdf http://www.rsc.org/images/pesticide-300_tcm18-60750.jpg

Did We Mention?

 Enhance photosynthesis,

And improve germination. Read more about it by clicking here.

Materials science and engineering also uses nanoscience to

http://www.laudu.realtownblogs.com/uploads/_seed_CORB2017.JPG http://www.epa.gov/wed/pages/staff/lackey/pubs/S_I_FIG5.jpg http://iramis.cea.fr/en/meetings/2008TheorieIRAMIS/programme.php

Another Kind of Agriculture Uses Nanoscience

 Improve fishing

practices, breeding and antibiotics.

 Remove

contaminants from water.

Going to the Nano-Market

Nanofood market – $2.6 billion 2004 – $7.0 billion 2006 – Projected $20.4 billion 2010

Helmut Kaiser Consultancy NWFPA 2007 Expo, Portland OR

200 companies are currently engaged in nanoproduction, but

• nly a handful of nano food

products are market-available

• now. I wonder what nano food

will be on your plate first?

• 6. Yummy AND

Healthy

Nanotechnology can provide foods that look and taste better, are more nutritious and safer than what we eat

• today. Nanoscience is also working to

 Educate the public,  Develop regulations to manage and

monitor nanotechnology developments in the food industry.

http://www.azonano.com/Industries.asp http://www.nanotechforest.org/dwnlds/Nano%20Workshop_Nano-Art%5B1%5D.ppt#357,13,Slide 13 http://nanoandcommodities.wordpress.com/tag/agricultural-and-food-commodities/agricultural-inputs-for-nanotechnology/ http://www.azonano.com/SearchResults.aspIndKeyWord=Agriculture+forestry+and+fishing http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6VHY-4KFV3B4- 2&_user=443835&_coverDate=10%2F31%2F2006&_rdoc=1&_fmt=&_orig=search&_sort=d&view=c&_acct=C000020958&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid =443835&md5=5e50b64c59ca42a1e93b103b33d783a1 Image: http://tiki.oneworld.net/food/food_home.html

Social, Environmental and Ethical Concerns

• 1. Might these nanotechnology developments in

agriculture and food technology infringe on human rights?

• 2. Could any of them decrease privacy of individuals?
• 3. Could the use of nanotechnology for agriculture

have unwanted and negative environmental effects?

• 4. What economic impact could the use of

nanotechnology in agriculture have on farmers, consumers, and other industries? Might they be negative or positive?

What About Your Rights?

If so, are these developments more important than

• Your privacy?
• Your rights as a citizen?
• Your rights as a human being?

Are the answers somewhere in between?

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Planning Your Presentation

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To prepare for your presentation, answer these questions using reference materials which can include the websites linked to this webquest:

• 1. What can be done to

maximize the chances that humans will benefit from, rather than be harmed by these new developments?

• 2. If we can develop these

technologies, should we? Why?

Agricultural Websites

These are websites which are a good place to start in looking for more information on nanotechnology in the

• agriculture. You may also wish to use the general website

page linked at the bottom of this page. It is full of nanotechnology sites related to multiple areas including

• yours. After exhausting these resources you may also

wish to use your search engine and appropriate key words and phrases to find more information.

 http://www.nano-and-

society.org/commentaries/commentary_willow02.html

 www.euronanotrade.com/news/Sources_of_Information.do

c General Nanoscience Links

More Help

If you would like help breaking down your research into steps, click on the help button for an outline.

http://www.nanotechproject.org/index.php?id=44&action=view&dbq=food http://www.nanotechproject.org/index.php?id=44&action=view&product_id=1290 http://nanotechwire.com/news.asp?nid=4556 http://www.azonano.com/details.asp?ArticleID=1316 ‘Down on the Farm: the Impact of Nano-Scale Technologies on Food and Agriculture’, ETC Group Report, November

• 2004. http://www.azonano.com/details.asp?ArticleID=1315http://www.azonano.com/Industries.asp http://www.nanotechforest.org/dwnlds/Nano%20Workshop_Nano-

Art%5B1%5D.ppt#357,13,Slide13 http://nanoandcommodities.wordpress.com/tag/agricultural-and-food-commodities/agricultural-inputs-for- nanotechnology/http://www.azonano.com/SearchResults.aspIndKeyWord=Agriculture+forestry+and+fishinghttp://nsrg.neu.edu/resources/regulatory_capacity/documents/NanoAgFood.pdf Science and Engineering 2003 Reportimage: http://nanopedia.case.edu/NWPage.php?page=nanoagriculture http://www.nanotechforest.org/dwnlds/Nano%20Agriculture%20roadmap.pdf http://www.nwfpa.org/eweb/docs/Doc-to-pdf/ExpoPage/PowellNWFPA2007.pdf