MATERIALS FOR ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES Photovoltaic Wind energy Coal - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

AN INTEGRATED APPROACH TO DEVELOP ADVANCED

MATERIALS FOR ENERGY APPLICATIONS

www.dsctm.cnr.it

Luigi Ambrosio

Department of Chemical Science & Materials Technology National Research Council P.Le A. Moro, 7 – 00185 Roma direttore.dsctm@cnr.it

Coal plant Thermoelectricity Wind energy Geothermal energy CSP&Thermal storage Battery &Electricity storage Nuclear energy Photovoltaic

Mature and innovative technologies are enabled by incorporating engineered materials into devices for high-efficiency, low-cost energy conversion and storage.

MATERIALS FOR ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES

Solar Electricity (OPV, DSSC, LSC) Lighting (OLEDs, LECs) Solar Fuels by Artificial Photosynthesis CO2 Separation and Capture 2nd Generation Biofuels Fuel Cells

Multifunctional and bio-inspired materials architectures (hierarchical), through interdisciplinary, offer major innovation and improvements in all energy technologies.

MATERIALS FOR ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES

µm mm

nm

• Multi scale polymer nano-composite

SOLUTIONS SINGLE SHEETS BULK MATERIALS

• Graphene based materials
• Lightweight composite structures
• Metallic foams
• Ceramic hybrid systems

silk grating diffracted orders silk grating diffracted orders

• Silk fibroin in optoelectronics devices:

Transistors & light emitting transistors

ADVANCED MATERIALS FOR HIGH ENERGY EFFICIENCY

ENERGY CRITICAL ELEMENTS ECEs Energy critical elements

There are two reasons for these critical elements to become scarce. Some, like tellurium, are simply not that abundant anywhere in the earth’s crust, whereas others are found only in a few places, which might create political issues for their supply. China’s dominance over Rare Earth Elements falls into that category, or Bolivia’s and Chile’s vast resources of lithium, which is used for rechargeable

• batteries. And the known global reserves of niobium, which is abundant and used for steels and
• ther alloys, are almost entirely located in Brazil.

SUBSTITUTION OF ENERGY CRITICAL ELEMENTS

Application Subcatagory ECE

• Substitute

Electrics Batteries Cobalt Iron, organic polymers, manganese Graphite Silicon (nano) Lanthanum Zinc-air, lithium-air, aluminium-air, super- capacitors Fuel cells Platinum Silver, biocatalysts Electronics Semiconductors, LED, OLED, photovoltaics Gallium ZnO/MgS, organic polymers, zinc, tin Indium (ITO) Organic polymers, graphene, carbon nontubes, ZnO with metal grids Materials Catalysts Platinum Nickel, iron, biocatalysts Tungsten Iron oxide Metals, alloys Cobalt Nickel, carbides, nitrides, chromium, boron, titanium Tungsten Silicon carbide, molybdenum

To foster the industrial deployment of European KETs

KEY ENABLING TECHNOLOGY

High Level Group, Feb. 2013

In 2009, European Member States and the European Commission identified Key Enabling Technologies (KETs) for their potential impact in strengthening Europe's industrial and innovation capacity”

Six KETs Nanotechnology Micro and nano-electronics Advanced materials Photonics Industrial biotechnology Advanced manufacturing systems

……..multidisciplinary and trans- sectorial, cutting across many technology areas with a trend towards convergence, technology integration and the potential to induce structural change to improve the industry competitiveness. Europe's need for Energy is predicted to increase steadily, with most energy uses switching to electrical (transportation, heating, cooling). Electric energy production, distribution, storage and a more efficient use of electricity are striking examples where the application

• f KETs can provide powerful solutions

for improving the future Energy System.

http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/sectors/ict/files/kets/hlg_report_final_en.pdf

KEY ENABLING TECHNOLOGY: INTEGRATION

INTEGRATION TO DEVELOP ADVANCED PRODUCTS & KNOWLEDGE RESEARCH CENTRES & UNIVERSITIES CONSORTIA DISTRICTS CLUSTERS INDUSTRY INNOVATION RESEARCH Exploit the scope of relevant R&D which support the full and simultaneous implementation the innovation chain, from basic research, through technological research, product development and prototyping up to globally competitive manufacturing.

• Materials Science is one of the driving

forces of innovation with significant impact on all strategic energy sectors;

• Materials are fundamental for Energy and

their cross-cutting aspects.

• The Materials Science plays a central role in

finding innovative solutions to major societal challenges;

• Key Enabling Technologies approach &

integration will foster European Industrial Renaissance (COM (2014) 14/2)

CONCLUSIONS