Mapping of benthic habitats in Sweden Antonia Nystrm Sandman - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Mapping of benthic habitats in Sweden

Antonia Nyström Sandman AquaBiota Water Research

Marine biotope monitoring and mapping in Sweden

Mona Naeslund Swedish Species Information Centre (ArtDatabanken, ADb), SLU Mona.naeslund@slu.se

Sweden –who does what in biological monitoring and mapping?

• SwAM: Swedish Agency for Marine and Water Management.

(https://www.havochvatten.se/en/start.html , Norbert Häubner <norbert.haubner@havochvatten.se>).

• County administrative boards- 14 coastal counties, protected areas

(http://www.lansstyrelsen.se/Sv/Pages/default.aspx)

• Geological survey of Sweden (SGU) bottom sediment. (http://www.sgu.se/en/)
• Swedish Maritime Administration (SMA) Hydrography

(http://www.sjofartsverket.se/en/)

• Swedish Agricultural University (SLU)- Advisory for fish (SLU aqua)

& EU nature directives, commissions, redlists, species, habitats (ArtDatabanken) (http://www.slu.se/en/)

• Consultants: AquaBiota Water Research AB and others.- field work,

models of biotopes, plans for biotope mapping 2016-2021

(http://www.aquabiota.se/en/)

Mona Naeslund, ArtDatabanken Swedish Species Information Centre

Methods used in SE: large scale

Coastal, homogenous biotopes, large areas: remote sensing

• Satellite (spot 5) data: Eelgrass &
• ther large green vegetation,
• Aerial photographs (colour
• rthophoto): Habitats directive

1140 mudflats & sandflats,

• LIDAR: Airborne laser scanning:

(Bothnian bay, Baltic proper)

Arenicola marina Cerastoderma sp Photos: Anders Olsson

Hard bottoms Soft s. with veg. Soft sediment

Zostera marina Ruppia cirrhosa

Complex areas, spp: spatial modelling Interpolation: background data for spatial modelling, evenly dispersed point data are made into continuous maps: ex. depth, Spatial modelling: continuous maps. Predictors of ex. depth, slope, secchi depth, wave exposure, substrate for a biotope/species.

Mona Naeslund, ArtDatabanken Swedish Species Information Centre

Methods used in SE: small scale

Benthic Monitoring SE- soft bottoms

Soft bottom fauna

• Indicator: eutrophication, O2
• Fauna
• Sediment (grain size, water, color, mm)
• Oxygen (SS-EN 25813)
• Kattegatt, Skagerrak sediment profile

camera (blue dots picture right.)

• Method: HELCOM 1988
• Linc to methods: https://www.havochvatten.se/hav/samordning--

fakta/miljoovervakning/miljoovervakningens-programomrade-kust-och- hav/delprogram-makrofauna-mjukbotten.html *HELCOM 1988. Guidelines for the Baltic Monitoring Programme for the third stage. Biological Determinands. BSEP No 27D, 91-100.

Mona Naeslund, ArtDatabanken Swedish Species Information Centre

Monitoring SE- Vegetation

Hard & soft bottoms

• Diving depth profiles

(10-20 m depth)

• Indicator: eutrophication (also

pollution, climate change, salinity change)

• Method: Naturvårdsverket 2004*
• Linc to method:
• https://www.havochvatten.se/hav/vagledning--lagar/vagledningar/ovriga-

vagledningar/miljoovervakningens-metoder-och-undersokningstyper- inom-programomrade-kust-och-hav.html

* Naturvårdsverket 2004. Vegetationsklädda bottnar, ostkust.

Mona Naeslund, ArtDatabanken Swedish Species Information Centre

Monitoring SE- new methods

• Drop- video, (also diving & Aquascope) Havs- och

vattenmyndigheten (manus) 1, (in estuaries (1130), lagoons (1150), Large shallow inlets

and bays (1160), reefs (1170), Baltic esker islands (1610), Boreal Baltic islets and small islands (1620), Boreal Baltic narrow inlets (1650))

• Infauna, sediment core (10 cm) in Mudflats and sandflats (1140),

method: Havs- och vattenmyndigheten (manus) 2

• Fish fry, juvenles & vegetation. Small detonations & diving.

Havs- och vattenmyndigheten (manus) 3

• Remote sensing: dredging, dumping, buildings, bottom trawling,

method: Havs- och vattenmyndigheten (manus)4

• 1. Havs- och vattenmyndigheten (manus) Undersökningstyp: Visuella undervattensmetoder för uppföljning av marina naturtyper och typiska arter.
• 2. Havs- och vattenmyndigheten (manus) Undersökningstyp: Uppföljning av 1140 blottade ler- och sandbottnar.
• 3. Havs- och vattenmyndigheten (manus) Undersökningstyp: Yngelprovfiske med små undervattensdetonationer.
• 4. Havs- och vattenmyndigheten (manus) Undersökningstyp: Uppföljning av påverkan på marina bentiska samhällen med indirekta metoder

Monitoring programs

Under revision (or soon-to-be):

• Benthic fauna (under revision)
• Plankton (in prep)
• Fish (in prep)
• Vegetation (coming up)

Why mapping?- demands & challenges

Challenges: varied coastline, substrate (mixed), depth, time

Map from HELCOM data & map service. BALANCE- substrate, salinity.

MSFD HELCOM redlist HELCOM HUB Marine spatial planning OSPAR biotopes National Environmental

• bjectives, Aichi

protected areas 10% by 2020 Green infrastructure Habitats directive

Mona Naeslund, ArtDatabanken Swedish Species Information Centre

Preliminary mapping plans

• Marine spatial planning scale

– Ready by 2017 – 100-200 m resolution

• County scale

– Ready by 2021 – 10(-25) m resolution

Preliminary mapping plans

Preliminary mapping plans

Dominating and/or important benthic biota HUB (level 5 or 6)/EUNIS biotopes OSPAR priority habitats (west coast) Natura2000 habitats Recruitment areas for fish Conservation values Green infrastructure

Indicators

OSPAR HELCOM National

Distribution, pattern and extent of benthic biotopes (pre-core) BH-3 Physical damage of predominant and special habitats (candidate) Cumulative impact on benthic biotopes (pre- core) BH-4 Area of habitat loss (candidate) BH-1 Typical species composition (core) BH-2 Multi-metric indices (core) State of the soft-bottom macrofauna communities (core) BQI for coastal waters (1.6B; 5.3E; 6.2A) BH-2 Multi-metric indices (core) State of the soft-bottom macrofauna communities (core) BQI for offshore waters (1.6D; 5.3F; 6.2B) BH-5 Size-frequency distribution of bivalve or

• ther sensitive/indicator species (candidate)

Population structure of long-lived macrozoobenthic species (core) Lower depth limit distribution of the macrophyte community (pre-core) Depth distribution of macro vegetation in coastal waters (1.5A; 5.3A) Biomass ratio of opportunistic and perennial macroalgae (candidate)