Management Jake Janski Ecologist - Minnesota Native Landscapes Re - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Jul 24, 2023 377 likes •726 views

Native Prairie and Pollinator Habitat Management Jake Janski Ecologist - Minnesota Native Landscapes Re Restoring storing an and Ma Mana naging ging Na Nativ ive e Pla Plant nt Co Commu mmuni nities ties Creating and

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Native Prairie and Pollinator Habitat Management

Jake Janski – Ecologist - Minnesota Native Landscapes

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Re Restoring storing an and Ma Mana naging ging Na Nativ ive e Pla Plant nt Co Commu mmuni nities ties

Creating and Maintaining a wide variety of Pollinator Habitats in the Upper Midwest Growing, installing and selling native seeds and plants

 Wildflowers, Prairie Grasses, Wetland Sedges

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Re Restoring storing an and Ma Mana naging ging Na Nativ ive e Pla Plant nt Co Commu mmuni nities ties

15 years on the ground working with plants and people, on private and public lands

Installation, Management, Planning, Consultation and Design

12 years managing seeded, planted or remnant plant communities

Prairie, Wetland, Shoreline, Wetland, Savanna, Woodland

Commercial applicator for 14 years

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Native Prairie and Pollinator Habitat Management

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Pollinator Benefits

 Human Food Supply

 Direct and indirect food production

 Food supply for wildlife

 Summer months- prey  Winter months- seeds

 Native plant reproduction

 Ensuring a diverse seed bank  Plant movement and colonization over the landscape  Promotes healthy habitats for themselves and other wildlife

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Pollinators share their habitats!

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Pollinator Concerns

Population declines

 Habitat

 Loss  Reduced quality

 Pesticides

 Some known insecticide impacts  Impacts from many other pesticides not clear

 Indirect impacts- non fatal but potential for other harms  Chronic toxicity- not fully understood

 Disease

 Increased susceptibility because of other factors

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Pollinators in Minnesota

A wide array of native insect pollinator species are found in MN

Bees- 350+ Butterflies- 100+ Moths- 2000+

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Pollinators in Minnesota

Bees

In MN, only 5% of bee species are Honey Bees and Bumble Bees

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Pollinators in Minnesota

 Butterflies

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Pollinators in Minnesota

 Moths

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Pollinators in Minnesota

Other native insect pollinator species found in MN

Wasps Ants Beetles Flies

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Pollinators in Minnesota

 Honeybees

 Non native, “livestock”

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Pollinator Habitat

 Quality Habitats Provide: Forage

 Pollen- Protein and Fats

 Building materials, food for larvae

 Nectar- Carbohydrate and Sugars

 Immediate energy needs, refunded and stored

 Vegetation- Plant materials

 Larval food, nest building

 Pollinators in Native Plant Communities

 Native Plants and Native Pollinators have coevolved to each’s benefit

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Plant Material

fritzhaeg.com

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Pollinator Habitat

 Quality Habitats Provide: Shelter for all life stages

 Overwintering  Larval  Pupation

 Pollinators in Native Plant Communities

 Native plants and Native Pollinators have coevolved to each’s benefit

 Shelter Types:

 Cavities- Hollow plant stems for egg deposit and larval development  Vegetation- Hanging a chrysalis/ cocoon  Open soils- Ground nesting bees (70%)  Burrows- Bumble bee colonies  Dead wood- Tunnels made into soft pith

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Shelter

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Pollinator Habitat

 Prairies

 Diverse collection of primarily grasses, sedges and forbs with occasional shrubs  Open grasslands, restored plantings, treeless corridors, cleared woodlands, roadsides, meadows, etc.  Essential mid and late season food sources, shelter at all life phases

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Pollinator Habitat

 Prairies and wetlands

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Pollinator Habitat

 Prairies

 Diverse collection of primarily grasses, sedges and forbs with component of shrubs  Open grasslands, restored plantings, treeless corridors, cleared woodlands, roadsides, meadows, etc.  Essential mid and late season food sources, shelter at all life phases

 Savannas and Woodlands

 Trees, shrubs, forbs, grasses and sedges  Early and late season food sources, many shelter opportunities

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Pollinator Habitat

 Savannas and Woodlands

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Pollinator Habitat Management

 Best Management Practices

 Avoid high quality habitat altogether  Avoid treatments during times of daily peak pollinator activity  Avoid treatments in certain areas at certain times of the year  Provide refugia in or around intensive work areas  Avoid insecticides, especially neonicotinoids

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Pollinator Habitat Management

 Site Assessments Are Key

 Determine the quality of the habitat within you work area(s)  Determine if high quality areas can be treated early in the day, or very late

 Determine if woodlands can be treated in summer, prairies in spring

 Determine if any areas can be completely avoided at this time  Determine if insecticides or herbicides are needed to achieve the site goals

 Is Integrated Pest Management (IPM) part of your planning?

 Optimally, IPM addresses the root cause of the problem using all available practices  Based on a site’s individual needs and characteristic

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Habitat Management

 IPM Implementation

 Spraying- Treating certain perennial weeds and site prep  Mowing- Control annual and biennial weeds  Burning- Rejuvenating native species and controlling woodies  Haying- Removing excessive material where burning may not be possible  Grazing- Defoliating woody regrowth or other targeted weed types  Weeding- Removing small populations of weeds in sensitive areas  No Action- Allowing nature to do the work over time  Biocontrol- Available for certain species

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Habitat Management

When pesticides are appropriate:

Know what the label allows and/or requires

Read carefully the “Directions for Use” AND “Environmental Hazards” sections. Look for any Pollinator or Bee restrictions Even if no restriction exist at this time, consider the unknowns

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Habitat Management

 IPM: Broadcast spraying before weeds bloom, when pollinators aren’t active

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Habitat Management

 IPM: Prescribed burning to invigorate desirable native species

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Habitat Management

 IPM: Mowing annual/ biennial weeds before blooming

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Habitat Management

 IPM: Hand weeding individuals with small populations

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Habitat Management

 Pesticide Applications: When timing cannot be controlled, make other adjustments

 Application methods

Spot treatments verses broadcast spraying Wicking verses spraying

 Reduce off-target drift

Lower pressure to increase droplet size Leave a buffer zone

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Habitat Management

Additional BMPs for Pollinator Habitat

Leave dead herbaceous material standing

ver winter

Leave dead and decaying wood in place Large scale disturbances should be rotated throughout a site over time Re-seed treated sites

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Habitat Management

Everything you do in natural areas will affect the pollinators that depend on that plant community. It’s far easier, cheaper and more effective to protect species than it is to revive them. Consider all of your options. Then do what you can to do a little harm as you can!

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Jake Janski MNLcorp.com jake@mnlcorp.com (612) 490-5992

Questions?

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Additional Resources on Protecting Pollinators and Their Habitats

MDA: https://www.mda.state.mn.us/protecting/bm ps/pollinators.aspx MN DNR: http://www.dnr.state.mn.us/pollinator_resour ces/index.html/ Pollinators of Native Plants: http://www.pollinatorsnativeplants.com/ The Xerces Society: http://www.xerces.org/ Driftwatch: https://driftwatch.org/