Local Road Safety Plans Matthew Enders, PE, Technical Services - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Matthew Enders, PE, Technical Services Manager and Susan Bowe, PE, MPA, City Safety and Traffic Programs Manager Local Programs division (Olympia) 2019

Local Road Safety Plans

Wha hat t is a is a local local road saf

• ad safety plan

ety plan?

A data-driven, analysis and prioritization of an agency’s roadways for traffic safety, based on the top crash type(s).

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Loca Local r l road saf

• ad safety plan

ety plans in s in Washingt ashington S

• n Sta

tate te

• 57 known

plans 33 counties 24 cities

• More

agencies working on plans

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Why hy use a local use a local road saf

• ad safety

ety plan? plan?

• To help understand traffic safety issues and

determine safety priorities.

• To help prioritize projects and be ready for

funding.

• To create a more context-based safety program to

better address safety and spend limited funds.

Shutterstock.com

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2018

Saf Safety ety tr trends ends in in Washin ashington gton Sta State te

Trend lines to be updated soon.

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Highw ay Safety Improvement Program (funding through WSDOT)

• Purpose: Use local road safety plans to identify safety issues. Use

engineering countermeasures to reduce fatal and serious injury crashes to help achieve Target Zero.

• Estimated funds: $25 million/yr. in federal HSIP funds.
• Examples: Road diets; evaluate & replace signs, pavement markings,

& guardrail; slope flattening; lighting; enhance pedestrian crossings; roundabouts; signal timing and visibility improvements; high friction surface treatment. Data collection for systemic projects.

• http://www.wsdot.wa.gov/LocalPrograms/Traffic/FedSafety.htm

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County Safety Program

• Call for projects: Opened 2/15/19, and the beginning of

future odd numbered years: http://www.wsdot.wa.gov/localprograms/traffic/2019- county-safety-program-call-projects

• Applications due: 5/31/19
• Awards: October 2019
• Match for preliminary engineering and right of way

phases: 10%

• Match for construction phase:

None if funds authorized by 4/30/21.

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City Safety Program

• Call for projects: Opens 11/1/19 and the end of future odd

numbered years:

• Applications due: 3/6/20
• Awards: Sept.-Oct. 2019
• Subprograms:

 Spot location (improvements at specific location(s) based on crash history)  Systemic (improvements at widespread locations based on the top crash type(s))

• Match for preliminary engineering and

right of way phases: 10%

• Match for construction phase:

None if funds authorized by 4/30/21.

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2018 sur 2018 survey ey on local r

• n local road
• ad

saf safety plans ety plans

• Sent to: 51 cities & counties with local

road safety plans submitted in 2017 and 2018.

• Responded: 16 agencies (31%)
• Number of weeks to create

a plan (including training):

1 37% 2 38% 3 25%

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2018 sur 2018 survey: ey: Usefulness of Usefulness of local r local road saf

• ad safety plans

ety plans

All 16 agencies said this effort was useful for identifying safety priorities:

• 69% very useful
• 31% somewhat useful
• 0% not useful

Wikipedia.org 10

• “forced (us) to dig into the data” and “identify trends and high crash

locations.”

• “reveal(ed) collision patterns that had previously gone unnoticed.”
• “has identified areas where we lack good information.”
• “helped staff and our advisory committee focus on (the) highest

(priorities).”

• Was “useful…for summarizing and raising awareness of safety

issues…and providing justification for existing programs/projects.”

• Was “very helpful in prioritizing projects and determin(ing) (grants to

apply for).”

• Was “an opportunity to develop a basic policy and guidebook (for)

designing safer transportation facilities going forward.”

• Was “very helpful in evaluating our own program and how it fit (into

roadway safety).”

2018 sur 2018 survey: ey: Usefulnes Usefulness s of

• f local

local road saf

• ad safety plan

ety plans

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Loc Local al road

• ad saf

safety ety plan plan steps steps & plan & plan elemen elements ts

Step Plan element

1. Analyze summary crash data to identify focus/priorities. List of crash priorities based on data. 2. Analyze individual fatal/serious crashes to identify factors present. Description of factors & selection process. 3. Select most common factors. 4. Analyze roadway network for presence of factors. Prioritized list of roadway locations. 5. Create prioritized list of roadway locations where factors are present. 6. Identify countermeasures to address prioritized locations. Description of countermeasures and selection process. 7. Develop a prioritized list of projects. Prioritized list of projects (with project cost as optional).

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Ste Step p 1: 1: Ana Analyz yze e su summar mmary y cr cras ash h da data ta to to ide ident ntify ify foc

• cus

us/pr /prior iorities ities Step Plan element

1. Analyze summary crash data to identify focus/priorities. List of crash priorities based on data. 2. Analyze individual fatal/serious crashes to identify factors present. Description of factors & selection process. 3. Select most common factors. 4. Analyze roadway network for presence of factors. Prioritized list of roadway locations. 5. Create prioritized list of roadway locations where factors are present. 6. Identify countermeasures to address prioritized locations. Description of countermeasures and selection process. 7. Develop a prioritized list of projects. Prioritized list of projects (with project cost as optional).

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Ste Step p 1: 1: Ana Analyz yze e su summar mmary y cr cras ash h da data ta to to iden identify tify foc

• cus

us/prior /priorities ities

Example with county data:

2013-2017 County X Crash Data

Overall Numbers 2013- 2017 % 2013- 2017 % 2013-2017 % 2013- 2017 % Total # of crashes 11,313 2,674 1,921 50 # of fatal crashes 2,402 21.2% 654 24.5% 419 21.8% 12 24.0% # of serious injury crashes 8,911 78.8% 2,020 75.5% 1,502 78.2% 38 76.0% Total # of fatalities 2,587 702 441 13 Total # of injuries 15,651 3,552 2,583 71 # of drinking/drug-related crashes 2,482 21.9% 706 26.4% 476 24.8% 17 34.0% By Primary Collision Type Hit fixed object 3,192 28.2% 1,164 43.5% 825 42.9% 23 46.0% Angle (T) 1,311 11.6% 282 10.5% 197 10.3% 8 16.0% Overturn 849 7.5% 273 10.2% 144 7.5% 4 8.0% Head on 590 5.2% 160 6.0% 123 6.4% 4 8.0% Hit pedalcyclist 628 5.6% 87 3.3% 73 3.8% 4 8.0% Angle (left turn) 686 6.1% 124 4.6% 102 5.3% 2 4.0% Wildlife 102 0.9% 47 1.8% 26 1.4% 1 2.0% County X's roads

Fatal & Serious Injury Crashes

All WA roads All counties' roads All Western counties' roads

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Ste Step p 1: An 1: Anal alyz yze e summa summary y cr crash ash da data to i ta to ide dentify ntify foc

• cus/p

us/priori riorities ties

Example with city data: Note:

• 27,500 and less population:

State highways not included.

• Over 27,500 population:

State highways included (except limited access).

2014-2018 City X Crash Data

Overall Crash Numbers 2013- 2017 % 2013- 2017 % 201 3- 201 % Total # of crashes 4,746 3,875 36 # of fatal crashes 9 13.6% 507 13.1% 9 25.0% # of serious injury crashes 27 86.4% 3,368 86.9% 27 75.0% Total # of fatalities 10 538 10 Total # of serious injuries 31 3,764 31 # of drinking/drug-related crashes 156 14.6% 547 14.1% 6 16.7% By Primary Collision Type Hit pedestrian 1,310 27.6% 1,088 28.1% 10 27.8% Hit fixed object 830 17.5% 661 17.1% 6 16.7% Rearend 257 5.4% 212 5.5% 5 13.9% Angle (left turn) 417 8.8% 351 9.1% 5 13.9% Hit pedalcyclist 477 10.1% 399 10.3% 4 11.1% Angle (T) 721 15.2% 543 14.0% 2 5.6% Overturn 204 4.3% 158 4.1% 2 5.6% Sideswipe (same direction) 109 2.3% 100 2.6% 1 2.8% Sideswipe (opposite direction) 43 0.9% 39 1.0% 1 2.8%

Fatal & Serious Injury Crashes

City X Streets Western WA City Streets All WA City Streets

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Ste Step p 2: 2: Ana Analyz yze e individual individual fatal/ser tal/serious ious cr cras ashe hes s to to ide ident ntify ify fac acto tors s pr pres esen ent Step Plan element

1. Analyze summary crash data to identify focus/priorities. List of crash priorities based on data. 2. Analyze individual fatal/serious crashes to identify factors present. Description of factors & selection process. 3. Select most common factors. 4. Analyze roadway network for presence of factors. Prioritized list of roadway locations. 5. Create prioritized list of roadway locations where factors are present. 6. Identify countermeasures to address prioritized locations. Description of countermeasures and selection process. 7. Develop a prioritized list of projects. Prioritized list of projects (with project cost as optional).

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Some Some Factor actors

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Ste Step p 2: 2: Anal Analyz yze e individua individual f l fatal/serious tal/serious cr crash ashes es to to identify identify facto actors

Factors for roadway departure (hit fixed object, head on,

• verturn, etc.)

crashes:

• Crash #1
• Crash #2
• Crash #3
• Crash #4
• Etc.

Factors for intersection (Angle (T), rear end, etc.) crashes:

• Crash #20
• Crash #21
• Crash #22
• Crash #23
• Etc.

Factors for hit pedal cyclist crashes:

• Crash #50
• Crash #51
• Crash #52
• Crash #53
• Etc.

Example:

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Numb Number er of

• f cou

count nties ies se select lecting ing fac acto tors s in 201 in 2017

5 5 5 9 11 12 12 14 16 19 23 Illumination Presence Embankment Slope/Height Surface Type Shoulder Width Road/Lane Width Fixed Objects/Clear Zone Posted Speed Functional Class Horizontal Curves ADT Crashes/Severity/Rate

• Avg. # of

factors used per county = 6

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Note: Only the factors used by four or more cities are shown.

Numb Number er of

• f cities

cities se select lecting ing fac acto tors s in in 20 2018 18

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4 4 5 6 7 7 9 9 10 10 10 10 15 15 17 23 Roadway/pedestrian crossing width Presence of a horizontal curve Presence of ped. phase with unprotected left turns Presence of stop control at intersections Land use/zoning Fixed objects Functional class Number of lanes Presence of bicycle facilities Average Daily Traffic (motor vehicles and bicyclists) Presence of a traffic signal Presence of lighting Presence of ped. facilities Intersection presence vs. midblock Posted speed Crashes/Severity/Rate/Roadway User

• Avg. # of

factors used per city = 6

Ste Step p 3: 3: Selec Select t most most common common facto actors Step Plan element

1. Analyze summary crash data to identify focus/priorities. List of crash priorities based on data. 2. Analyze individual fatal/serious crashes to identify factors present. Description of factors & selection process. 3. Select most common factors. 4. Analyze roadway network for presence of factors. Prioritized list of roadway locations. 5. Create prioritized list of roadway locations where factors are present. 6. Identify countermeasures to address prioritized locations. Description of countermeasures and selection process. 7. Develop a prioritized list of projects. Prioritized list of projects (with project cost as optional).

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Step 3 Step 3: Sele Select most ct most common common factor actors

Factors for roadway departure crashes:

• Shoulder

width/type

• Clear zone
• Posted speed
• Traffic volume
• Horizontal curves

(radius, superelevation, friction, signing, etc.) Factors for intersection crashes

• Traffic control type
• Motor vehicle &

bicycle volumes

• Signal phasing
• Illumination
• Turn lanes
• Signing

Factors for hit pedestrian crashes

• Intersection or

midblock

• Crossing distance
• Lighting
• Posted speed
• Traffic volume
• Pedestrian volume

Example:

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Qualita Qualitativ tive e Da Data ta

• Use the data you have.
• Use qualitative ratings when needed:

 Good, fair, less than fair (curve radius, roadside, crosswalks, etc.)  Number per segment, mile, block, roadway (curves, driveways, intersections, etc.)  High, medium, low (traffic volumes, pedestrian volumes, crash frequency, etc.)

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Ste Step p 4: 4: Ana Analyz yze e roa

• adw ay

ay ne netw twor

• rk f

k for

• r

pr pres esen ence ce of

• f fac

acto tors Step Plan element

1. Analyze summary crash data to identify focus/priorities. List of crash priorities based on data. 2. Analyze individual fatal/serious crashes to identify factors present. Description of factors & selection process. 3. Select most common factors. 4. Analyze roadway network for presence of factors. Prioritized list of roadway locations. 5. Create prioritized list of roadway locations where factors are present. 6. Identify countermeasures to address prioritized locations. Description of countermeasures and selection process. 7. Develop a prioritized list of projects. Prioritized list of projects (with project cost as optional).

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Step 4 Step 4: Anal Analyz yze e road

• adw ay

ay netw networ

• rk

k for pr

• r presence of

esence of f factor actors

Example for intersections:

Intersections Average daily entering motor vehicles actual number (unit = vehicles): Average daily entering bicycles actual number (unit = bicycles): Intersection traffic control device: Red light running cameras present? Yes / No If at a stop controlled intersection, are overhead flashing beacons present? Yes / No Advanced warning signs present? Yes / No Intersection skew present? Yes / No Skew angle (degree): Intersection located in or near a horizontal curve? Yes / No Adequate intersection sight distance? Yes / No Left turn lane(s) present? Yes / No Right turn lane(s) present? Yes / No Raised intersection present? Yes / No Curb bulbs (bulb-outs) present? Yes / No Curb ramps present? Type (see WSDOT Design Manual chapter 1510): perpendicular / parallel / combination Crosswalk lines present? Yes / No Type: Bar / high visibility (piano key) Pedestrian crossing distance (feet): Stop lines present? Yes / No Green bicycle lanes present? Yes / No Green bicycle boxes present? Yes / No

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Se Segmenting y gmenting your netw

• ur networ
• rk

shutterstock.com

Can segment by:

• Corridor
• Mile or block
• Curve
• Intersection
• Etc.

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Ste Step p 5: 5: Cr Crea eate te prioritize prioritized d li list st of

• f roa
• adw ay

ay loc locatio tions ns Step Plan element

1. Analyze summary crash data to identify focus/priorities. List of crash priorities based on data. 2. Analyze individual fatal/serious crashes to identify factors present. Description of factors & selection process. 3. Select most common factors. 4. Analyze roadway network for presence of factors. Prioritized list of roadway locations. 5. Create prioritized list of roadway locations where factors are present. 6. Identify countermeasures to address prioritized locations. Description of countermeasures and selection process. 7. Develop a prioritized list of projects. Prioritized list of projects (with project cost as optional).

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Ste Step p 5: Cr 5: Crea eate te priorit prioritiz ized ed list o list of r roa

• adw ay loc

ay locations tions 5 4 3 2 1

• Add more factors until you get a list of locations that makes sense

for your agency.

• As the number of factors increases, the number of locations

should decrease. Example: Number of factors identified

10 20 50 75 300 All locations

Number of locations

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Ste Step p 6: 6: Iden Identify tify co coun unte termea measu sures es to to ad addr dres ess s pr prior ioritiz itized ed loc locatio tions ns Step Plan element

1. Analyze summary crash data to identify focus/priorities. List of crash priorities based on data. 2. Analyze individual fatal/serious crashes to identify factors present. Description of factors & selection process. 3. Select most common factors. 4. Analyze roadway network for presence of factors. Prioritized list of roadway locations. 5. Create prioritized list of roadway locations where factors are present. 6. Identify countermeasures to address prioritized locations. Description of countermeasures and selection process. 7. Develop a prioritized list of projects. Prioritized list of projects (with project cost as optional).

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Step Step 6: 6: Id Ident entify ify co coun unte termea measur sures es to to ad addr dress ess pr prioritiz ioritized ed loca location tions

Grand Total $76,138,800 Lane departure $59,986,500 Evaluate & upgrade or add new guardrail $21,208,400 High friction surface treatment $13,311,000 Evaluate & upgrade or add new signing $9,251,600 Clear zone improvements $2,507,600 Flatten slopes $2,371,500 Bridge rail $2,352,200 Realign roadway $1,913,600 Provide or widen shoulders $1,741,500 Widen roadway $1,491,500 Add rumble strips $1,381,600 Evaluate & upgrade or add new pavement markings $1,329,400 Guide posts $514,000 Combination of several improvements / countermeasures $612,600 Intersections $13,804,400 New traffic signal $5,093,100 Roundabout $4,169,800 Traffic signal operation / visibility $3,138,900 Increase sight distance $441,500 Add two way left turn lanes $313,900 Intersection conflict warning system for a stop controlled intersection $187,200 Illumination $177,000 Realign intersection $159,000 Prepare to stop when flashing signs connected to traffic signals $58,400 Evaluate & upgrade or add new signing $45,900 Combination of several improvements / countermeasures $19,700 Pedestrians $876,100 Refuge islands $816,100 Illumination $60,000 Speeding $49,500 Radar speed signs $49,500 Data improvement $1,422,300 Data collection (examples: clear zone inventory, sign inventory, measure radius and ballbank readings for horizontal curves) $805,800 Local road safety plan (No longer an eligible expense) $616,500

County Safety Program countermeasures funded (2013, 2014, 2016, 2017)

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Step Step 6: 6: Id Ident entify ify co coun unte termea measur sures es to to ad addr dress ess pr prioritiz ioritized ed loca location tions

City Safety Program countermeasures funded (2013, 2014, 2016, 2018)

Grand Total $81,259,600 Lane departure $8,160,300 Evaluate & upgrade or add new guardrail $2,498,400 High friction surface treatment $2,082,000 Evaluate & upgrade or add new signing $1,540,600 Realign roadway $1,140,000 Illumination $899,300 Intersections $56,917,600 Traffic signal operation / visibility $32,695,700 Roundabout $7,680,900 Road diet $7,270,200 New traffic signal $4,371,100 Evaluate & upgrade or add new signing $2,333,600 Add two way left turn lanes $1,370,000 Illumination $802,200 Evaluate & upgrade or add new pavement markings $257,800 Traffic calming $136,100 Pedestrians $15,789,500 Rectangular rapid flashing beacon $4,431,500 Pedestrian hybrid beacon $2,481,200 Traffic calming $1,425,500 Add a leading pedestrian interval signal phase $1,287,000 Crosswalk improvements $1,248,700 Refuge islands $1,116,200 Upgrade signing $1,085,100 Convert to countdown style pedestrian signals $806,000 Curb extensions (curb bulbs) $620,900 Combination of several improvements / countermeasures $1,287,400 Speeding $119,500 Radar speed signs $119,500 Data improvement $272,700 Data collection (examples: vehicle & bicycle volumes, traffic analysis, clear zone inventory, inventory of medians, islands, sidewalks, & crosswalks) $272,700

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Step Step 7: 7: De Develop elop a a priori prioritiz tized ed list list of

• f pr

projects

• jects

Step Plan element

1. Analyze summary crash data to identify focus/priorities. List of crash priorities based on data. 2. Analyze individual fatal/serious crashes to identify factors present. Description of factors & selection process. 3. Select most common factors. 4. Analyze roadway network for presence of factors. Prioritized list of roadway locations. 5. Create prioritized list of roadway locations where factors are present. 6. Identify countermeasures to address prioritized locations. Description of countermeasures and selection process. 7. Develop a prioritized list of projects. Prioritized list of projects (with project cost as optional).

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Step 7: De Step 7: Develop elop a a prioritiz prioritized ed list list

• f
• f pr

projects

• jects

Roadway departure crashes Road X Evaluate & upgrade signs / markings High friction surface treatment Clear zone improvements Roadway departure crashes Evaluate & upgrade signs / markings Agency-wide Roadway departure crashes High friction surface treatment Roads A, B, C, D Roadway departure crashes Clear zone improvements Roads X, Y, Z

By Location By Countermeasure

• r

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Resour esources ces

• WSDOT Local Road Safety Plan information

https://www.wsdot.wa.gov/sites/default/files/2014/02/27/LP_Local- Road-Safety-Plans.pdf

• Systemic Safety Project Selection Tool

(see list of factors on page 18) https://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/systemic/fhwasa13019/

• Target Zero, Wash. State Strategic Hwy. Safety Plan

http://www.targetzero.com/  Lane departure (page 97)  Intersections (pages 104-105)  Pedestrians (pages 149-150)  Bicyclists (pages 173-177)

• FHWA Crash Modification Factor (CMF) Clearinghouse

http://www.cmfclearinghouse.org/

• FHWA Systemic Safety website

http://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/systemic/

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Tips Tips for

• r de

develop eloping ing loca local l roa

• ad

d sa safet ety y plan plans

• Take advantage of training opportunities (workshops,

peer exchanges, & one-on-one assistance)

• Review existing examples.
• Consider using/adapting your agency’s current documents:

 Target Zero or Vision Zero plan  Transportation plan

• If another group develops your plan, be sure you understand the

process, data, results, & finished plan.

• A plan can be simple or detailed.
• Development process should include at least the seven steps.
• Plan should be complete and show the logic.
• Use of tables and maps are helpful.
• Update the plan every 1-2 years.
• Consider turning your plan into a Target Zero or Vision Zero plan.

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Contact Contact Inf Infor

• rma

mation tion

Matthew Enders, PE Technical Services Manager WSDOT Local Programs Matthew.Enders@wsdot.wa.gov 360-705-6907 Susan Bowe, PE, MPA City Safety and Traffic Programs Manager Susan.Bowe@wsdot.wa.gov 360-705-7380

http://www.jupiterimages.com

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