Lecture 6A LENSES, FOCAL LENGTH, & PORTRAITS LOUDEN 1 What - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Lecture 6A LENSES, FOCAL LENGTH, & PORTRAITS LOUDEN 1 What - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Jul 20, 2023 419 likes •1.06k views

Lecture 6A LENSES, FOCAL LENGTH, & PORTRAITS LOUDEN 1 What is focal Length? Very simply, it is the distance from the lens to the film , when focused on a subject at infinity. In other words, focal length equals image distance for a

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Lecture 6A

LENSES, FOCAL LENGTH, & PORTRAITS

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What is focal Length?

  • Very simply, it is the distance from the lens

to the film, when focused on a subject at

  • infinity. In other words, focal length equals

image distance for a far subject.

LOUDEN 2

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What is Focal Length?

  • The focal length of a lens determines its angle of view, and thus

also how much the subject will be magnified for a given photographic position.

  • Wide angle lenses have small focal lengths, while telephoto

lenses have larger corresponding focal lengths.

LOUDEN 3

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Focal Length Vs. Image Size:

Camera Positioned at Same Spot in Every Image with Different Lenses

LOUDEN 4

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50 mm Lens 100 mm Lens 200 mm Lens 24 mm Lens

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Focal Length Vs. Image Size:

Camera Positioned at Same Spot in Every Image with Different Lenses

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Focal Length & Magnification View of Same Scene

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Two things affect Perception of Sharpness:

  • Aperture (Shallow or Deep Focus)

&

  • Focal Distance

Shallower Depth of Field:

  • Larger apertures (smaller F-stop number) and closer focal

distances (70mm-300mm) produce a shallower depth of field

LOUDEN 7

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F/8 f/5.6 f/2.8 200mm lens

Longer Focal Lengths

  • may also appear to have a shallower depth of field because they

enlarge the background relative to the foreground (due to their greater angle of view). This can make an out of focus background look even more out of focus because its blur has become enlarged..

LOUDEN 8

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Focal Length & Perspectives

  • Wide angle lens exaggerates or stretches perspective
  • Telephoto lens compresses or flattens perspective.

Note how the subjects within the frame remain nearly identical-- therefore requiring a closer position for the wider angle lens. The relative sizes of objects change such that the distant doorway becomes smaller relative to the nearby lamps. WIDE ANGLE TELEPHOTO

LOUDEN 9

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Focal Length & Portraits

– For Portraits: Ideal focal length ranges from 70-100mm. – Utilizing 6-10 feet of working distance between the camera and the subject.

LOUDEN 10

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Focal Length & Portraits

LOUDEN 11

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Typical focal lengths and their 35mm format designations:

20mmSuper Wide Angle 24mm - 35mm Wide Angle 35-50mm Normal Lens 80mm - 300mm Telephoto 300mm Super Telephoto

In 35mm photography, lenses with a focal length of 50mm are called "normal" because they work without reduction or magnification and create images the way we see the scene with

  • ur naked eyes (same as picture angle of 46°).

LOUDEN 12

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Zoom Lens Vs. Prime Lens

  • Zoom Lens: Has a range of focal lengths in one lens
  • Prime Lens: Has one fixed focal length lens
  • An inexpensive prime lens can generally provide as good (or

better) image quality as a high-end zoom lens.

LOUDEN 13

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Zoom Lens VS. Prime Lens

Zoom Lens

  • List a range of maximum aperture
  • Versatility for dynamic shooting

Vs. Prime Lens:

  • Primary advantages of prime lenses are in cost, weight and speed.
  • An inexpensive prime lens can generally provide as good (or better) image

quality as a high-end zoom lens.

  • Offer better light-gathering ability (larger maximum aperture) than the fastest

zoom lenses-- often critical for low-light sports/theater photography

  • Portrait and indoor sports/theater photography often requires lenses
  • with very large maximum apertures, in order to be capable of a narrower depth
  • f field or a faster shutter speed
  • Faster and more accurate auto-focusing (good for night and sports)

LOUDEN 14

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Sensor Size in Digital Cameras & Lens Focal Length

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Portraiture in Photography

Be creative when taking your photographs for the portrait assignment. You should experiment with various lens types too.

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Alfred Stieglitz

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Georgia O'Keeffe, hands 1918

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Richard Avedon

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Nastassja Kinski and the Serpent. Very Eve and the Garden of Eden.

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Richard Avedon

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In the American West Series

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Richard Avedon

In the American West Series

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Richard Avedon

Dovima with the Elephants

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Sally Mann

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Sally Mann

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Sally Mann

Candy Cigarette

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Diane Arbus

Child with a toy hand grenade in Central Park, N.Y.C., 1962

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Diane Arbus

Nudist camp one morning, N.J, 1963.

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Diane Arbus

A young man in curlers at home on West 20th Street, N.Y.C. 1966

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Portrait: Migrant Mother 1936, by Dorothea Lange

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Caption: "Destitute peapickers In California; a 32 year old mother

  • f seven children.

February 1936." Description of Photo: A black and white Photograph of a woman with her hand touching her face looks into the distance as two of her children lean on either sides of her

  • shoulder. A baby

lays in her lap. Her clothes are tattered.

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Photographic Analysis Method

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Photographic Analysis Method – Look at upper Left side of photo and answer questions. Upper Left

Photographic Analysis Method

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Upper Right

Photographic Analysis Method

Look at upper Right side of photo and answer questions.

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Lower Right

Photographic Analysis Method

Look at lower right side of photo and answer questions.

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Lower Left

Photographic Analysis Method

Look at lower Left side of photo and answer questions.

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Photographic Analysis Method

  • What did you notice

in the photograph from this analysis Method of the Migrant Mother Image?

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Steve McCurry

Afghan Girl, Refugee, 1982 .

FM2 camera and Nikkor 105mm F2.5 lens

The Afghan Girl photograph is another iconic image that gained great acclaim when it was published in National Geographic Magazine. She was a victim of the Soviet conflict in Afghanistan. Both of her parents died and it was a harsh struggle to survive. Similar to the Migrant Mother, Sharbat Gula’s identity was sought out years later.

Afghan Girl Photograph

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Nicholas Nixon

36 F.K., Boston, 1984

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Nicholas Nixon

  • Watch this video about his newer work:
  • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y4aK

rMdzmJw (close captioned)

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Nicholas Nixon

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C.C., Boston, 1983

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Nicholas Nixon

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K.W., Boston, 1985

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William Eggleston

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Graciela Iturbide

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Graciela Iturbide

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Graciela Iturbide

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  • Culture, ritual and everyday life in her native Mexico and
  • ther countries.
  • Iturbide has extended the concept of documentary

photography, to explore the relationships between man and nature, the individual and the cultural, the real and the psychological.

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Graciela Iturbide

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Nicholas Nixon

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The Brown Sisters

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Nicholas Nixon

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The Brown Sisters

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Nicholas Nixon

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The Brown Sisters

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Nicholas Nixon

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The Brown Sisters

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Tseng Kwong Chi : East Meets West

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Tseng Kwong Chi

  • As a Hong-Kong born, Paris-trained artist, Tseng viewed

himself as a citizen of the world and eschewed labeling himself

  • r his art as "Chinese." However, his ironic self-portraits posed

in a Mao suit in front of American landmarks found their way to Communist China and were profoundly influential for China's avant-garde, including conceptual artists

  • Tseng's photographs not only satirized relations between the

United States and its emerging rival, China, but also broadcasted his freedom of movement - a privilege denied most Chinese artists at the time.

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Tseng Kwong Chi : East Meets West

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Tseng Kwong Chi : East Meets West

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Tseng Kwong Chi : East Meets West

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Philip Lorca DiCorcia

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Philip Lorca DiCorcia

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Catherine Opie

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Catherine Opie

  • Opie's work is characterized by a combination of formal concerns, a variety of

printing technologies, references to art history, and social/political commentary. An example of formal concerns include addressing issues of the horizon line in the "ice house" and "surfer" series. She has printed photographs using chromochrome, iris prints, Polaroids, and silver photogravure. Examples of art history references include the use of bright color backgrounds in portraits which reference the work of Hans Holbein[10] and the full body frontal portraits that reference August Sander. A common social/political theme in her work is the concept of community. Opie has investigated aspects of community, making portraits of many groups including LGBT community; surfers; and most recently high school football players. Opie is interested in how identities are shaped by

  • ur surrounding architecture. Her work is informed by her identity as an out

lesbian.[11] Her works balance personal and political. Her assertive portraits bring queers to a forefront that is normally silenced by societal norms.

  • From: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catherine_Opie

LOUDEN 57

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Catherine Opie

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Catherine Opie

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Dawoud Bey

"Class Pictures: Photographs by Dawoud Bey," Mr. Bey spent weeks in high schools from Detroit to Orlando, Fla., to San Francisco.

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Dawoud Bey

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Dawoud Bey

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Dawoud Bey