Latitudinal Seasonal and adaptation - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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latitudinal seasonal and adaptation acclimatisation
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Latitudinal Seasonal and adaptation - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research Physiological measures of climate dependent organismal performance investigated in populations of the lugworm Arenicola marina in a latitudinal cline Mareike Schrer, A. Wittmann, V.

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Physiological measures of climate dependent organismal performance investigated in populations of the lugworm Arenicola marina in a latitudinal cline

Mareike Schröer, A. Wittmann, V. Nießing, E. Laturnus, N. Grüner, J. Saphörster, H.U. Steeger, C. Bock, R. Paul, H.O. Pörtner

4th AQUASHIFT workshop - September 11-12, 2007, Marburg

WESTFÄLISCHE WILHELMS- UNIVERSITÄT MÜNSTER

Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research

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4th AQUASHIFT workshop - September 11-12, 2007, Marburg

WESTFÄLISCHE WILHELMS- UNIVERSITÄT MÜNSTER

Latitudinal Seasonal adaptation acclimatisation and

  • How does it work?
  • Is adaptation to climate change possible?
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SLIDE 3

4th AQUASHIFT workshop - September 11-12, 2007, Marburg

WESTFÄLISCHE WILHELMS- UNIVERSITÄT MÜNSTER

Oxygen limited thermal tolerance

As seen in fishes, long-term warming beyond pejus temperatures

(Pörtner and Knust, Science 2007)

=> reduced performance (growth, reproduction, muscle exercise,...) => ecological consequences:

  • decreased abundance
  • local extinction
  • shift in distribution

After: Pörtner et al. 2004

Performance curve: oxygen supply budget above basic metabolism

Temperature Rate of aerobic perfor- mance

  • ptimum

Oxygen limited aerobic scope (steady state)

Tc Tp Tp: loss of performance

anaerobic metabolism blood

  • xygenation

Tc: anaerobiosis Tp: pejus temperatures, optimum range thresholds

  • xygen supply limit =>

decreasing blood oxygenation Tc: critical temperatures, metabolism turns anaerobic survival time limited unless acclimatisation occurs

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SLIDE 4

4th AQUASHIFT workshop - September 11-12, 2007, Marburg

WESTFÄLISCHE WILHELMS- UNIVERSITÄT MÜNSTER

after F. Krüger 1971

Model organism

The lugworm Arenicola marina beside it‘s burrow Longitudinal section of the burrow

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SLIDE 5

4th AQUASHIFT workshop - September 11-12, 2007, Marburg

WESTFÄLISCHE WILHELMS- UNIVERSITÄT MÜNSTER

White Sea: Kartesh Atlantic: La Hume North Sea: Dorum-Neufeld

Populations

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Methods

4th AQUASHIFT workshop - September 11-12, 2007, Marburg

WESTFÄLISCHE WILHELMS- UNIVERSITÄT MÜNSTER

Muscle exercise: quantification of digging activity

10 cm

1 artificial burrow 2 oxygen optodes 3 temperature sensors 4 flow probe

Ventilation and respiration: recording of pumping activity, volume flow and

  • xygen

consumption Haemoglobin properties: Seasonal changes

  • f P50 (oxygen

partial pressure when haemoglobin is half saturated)

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SLIDE 7

4th AQUASHIFT workshop - September 11-12, 2007, Marburg

WESTFÄLISCHE WILHELMS- UNIVERSITÄT MÜNSTER

Results: Latitudinal adaptation

Comparison of summer animals in a latitudinal cline:

  • upper critical temperature
  • ptimum range
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SLIDE 8

Results: Latitudinal adaptation

Comparison of summer animals in a latitudinal cline: location of exercise performance optimum

4th AQUASHIFT workshop - September 11-12, 2007, Marburg

WESTFÄLISCHE WILHELMS- UNIVERSITÄT MÜNSTER

White Sea: 11°C North Sea: 15°C Atlantic: 23°C

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SLIDE 9

Results: Seasonal acclimatisation

4th AQUASHIFT workshop - September 11-12, 2007, Marburg

WESTFÄLISCHE WILHELMS- UNIVERSITÄT MÜNSTER

Comparison of North Sea animals in summer and winter:

  • upper critical temperature
  • ptimum range
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SLIDE 10

4th AQUASHIFT workshop - September 11-12, 2007, Marburg

WESTFÄLISCHE WILHELMS- UNIVERSITÄT MÜNSTER

Results: Seasonal acclimatisation

Comparison of North Sea animals in summer and winter: location of exercise performance optimum Summer: 15°C Winter: 11°C

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Results: Seasonal acclimatisation

4th AQUASHIFT workshop - September 11-12, 2007, Marburg

WESTFÄLISCHE WILHELMS- UNIVERSITÄT MÜNSTER

Comparison of Atlantic animals in summer and winter:

  • upper critical temperature
  • ptimum range
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SLIDE 12

4th AQUASHIFT workshop - September 11-12, 2007, Marburg

WESTFÄLISCHE WILHELMS- UNIVERSITÄT MÜNSTER

Results: Seasonal acclimatisation

Comparison of Atlantic animals in summer and winter: location of exercise performance optimum Summer: 23°C Winter: 15°C

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4th AQUASHIFT workshop - September 11-12, 2007, Marburg

WESTFÄLISCHE WILHELMS- UNIVERSITÄT MÜNSTER

Results: Seasonal acclimatisation

  • Haemoglobin properties: Seasonal

changes of P50 (oxygen partial pressure when haemoglobin is half saturated)

  • increased P50 in summer
  • => facilitated oxygen release to

tissues during reproductive phase (June-September)

  • effects on thermal tolerance and

performance Seasonal comparison of North Sea animals:

  • Temperature in 20 cm depth
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SLIDE 14

Summary

Thermal tolerance windows: seasonal shifts and changing width latitudinal specialisation

4th AQUASHIFT workshop - September 11-12, 2007, Marburg

WESTFÄLISCHE WILHELMS- UNIVERSITÄT MÜNSTER

Tc Tp Tp Tc

Temperature

  • ptimum
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SLIDE 15

Conclusions

Climate change: Our results show capacities to regain balance in oxygen demand and supply with changing temperature. Global warming: application of the same mechanisms: short-term acclimatisation and long-term adaptation Summer animals: Have they reached their acclimatisation limits? => adaptation over a larger timescale is necessary Southernmost populations: Have they reached their adaptation limits?

4th AQUASHIFT workshop - September 11-12, 2007, Marburg

WESTFÄLISCHE WILHELMS- UNIVERSITÄT MÜNSTER

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Thank you for your attention! Questions? Comments?

Acknowledgements: Biological Stations

  • Kartesh (Russia)
  • Arcachon (France)

Technicians

  • R. Wittig
  • T. Hirse
  • B. Klein