L is for Lightning! An analysis and comparison of lightning and - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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L is for Lightning! An analysis and comparison of lightning and - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

STRUCK BY LIZ LIGHTNING PRODUCTIONS PRESENTS: L is for Lightning! An analysis and comparison of lightning and lightning incidents in Co L orado versus F L orida By: Elizabeth Liz Lightning Prasse Why lightning? Personal survivor


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STRUCK BY LIZ LIGHTNING PRODUCTIONS PRESENTS:

“L” is for Lightning!

An analysis and comparison of lightning and lightning incidents in CoLorado versus FLorida By: Elizabeth “Liz Lightning” Prasse

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Why lightning?

  • Personal survivor of two indirect lightning

strikes

  • Met a fellow lightning strike survivor (direct

strike on the toe while working on a turtle farm)

  • Lightning affects anyone, anywhere
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Why Colorado and Florida?

  • Colorado is my current home
  • Florida is my future home
  • Colorado ranks among one of the highest

lightning fatalities (3rd in the U.S. according to The National Weather Service)

  • Florida = the lightning capital of the U.S.

(according to the University of Florida)

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Purpose

  • Analyze the types of lightning incidents in

Colorado and Florida from 1995-2016

  • Learn why the increase of strikes in both states
  • Learn why there were more deaths per

number of strikes in Colorado than in Florida

  • Find out does lightning really strike the tallest
  • bject?
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Methods-Original Research

  • National Weather Service

– Storm Events Database for data on lightning incidents in CO & FL

  • April 1995 (Optical Transient Detector created) to June 2016
  • Vaisala

– Lightning detection system timeline

  • Interviews

– Dr. Steve Rutledge-CSU Department of Atmospheric Science – Brody Fuchs-CSU Department of Atmospheric Science – Dr. Tim Canty-University of Maryland Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science – Dr. Joseph Champ (thesis committee member)-CSU Department of Journalism and Media Communication, CSU School of Global Environmental Sustainability, U.S. Geological Survey, and USDA Forest Service – Dr. Scott Denning (thesis advisor)-CSU Department of Atmospheric Science

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Methods-Secondary Research

  • National Weather Service (NWS)
  • National Oceanic and Atmospheric

Administration (NOAA)

– National Severe Storms Labatory – Colorado Lightning Resource Page

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Background-how lightning forms

Ice crystals and water droplets in clouds create electrical energy

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FL vs. CO lightning

  • Florida

– Warm rain = more liquid precipitation in the clouds – Fewer ice particles = fewer ice particle interactions = fewer lightning strikes

  • Colorado

– Dry air = low relative humidity = condensation reaches the ice particle phase more often – More ice particles = more ice particle interactions = more lightning strikes

  • Overall, more lightning strikes per thunderstorm in CO than FL
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Analyze the types of lightning incidents in Colorado and Florida from 1995-2016

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Findings Part 1

  • Types of strikes:

– Object:

  • trees
  • houses/apartment complexes
  • oil tanks
  • power lines
  • transformers
  • bales of hay
  • cars
  • flag poles
  • sheds
  • churches
  • buildings including Hughes Stadium at CSU and the

National Weather Service office in Ruskin, Florida

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Findings Part 1 Continued

– Object-Person: lightning struck a golf club and injured a golfer – Object-Ground-Person: lightning struck a tree that carried the current into the ground and injured nearby pedestrians – Person: hikers, beachgoers, police officers, and farmers – Animal: horses, pigs, buffalo, cattle, dogs, and even a giraffe at Disney’s Animal Kingdom

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Findings Part 1 Continued

– Ground: occasionally sparked a brush fire, house fire, or structural fire – Ground-Object-Person: lightning struck the ground and went through a metal fence to injury a worker – Ground-Person: lightning struck the ground and injured eight male football players in Colorado Springs

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Injuries

  • tightness or numbness in the chest and other extremities
  • first, second, and third degree burns
  • hair standing up on the end
  • ruptured ear drums
  • temporary paralysis
  • unconsciousness
  • skull fractures
  • blindness
  • headaches
  • trips to the hospital
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Learn why the increase of strikes in both states

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Findings Part 2 Continued

  • Better detection systems and equipment like Vaisala
  • Better observation as we can now see lightning from space

– Optical devices in Earth’s orbit

  • International Space Station
  • Geostationary satellite
  • Further research

– number of strikes increased due to better equipment? (my current theory) – because thunderstorms are producing more lightning now than before?

  • Colorado =

strikes in 2012 in 2014

  • Florida =

strikes in 2012 in 2014

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Learn why there were more deaths per number

  • f strikes in Colorado than in Florida

*Contrast between mountains and plains builds circulation for thunderstorms (ideal weather for lightning)

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Learn why there were more deaths per number

  • f strikes in Colorado than in Florida

*Contrast between warm ocean and cool land builds circulation for thunderstorms (ideal weather for lightning)

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Males vs. Females

  • 1995-2016 Colorado deaths =

males, females

  • 1995-2016 Florida deaths =

males, females

– NOT stereotyping – males struck more often because exposed to more lightning than females through:

  • Recreational activities (fishing, hiking, running)
  • Work (roof, construction, field)
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Findings Part 4

Find out does lightning really strike the tallest object?

– Yes!

  • lightning bolt extends

down from the cloud

  • seeks the closest

source of particles of the opposite charge to interact with

  • strikes a house,

building, tree, or whatever the tallest

  • bject in the area is
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Local Lightning

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Conclusion

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Sources

  • "Colorado Lightning Resource Page." Colorado Lightning Resource Page. U.S. Department of Commerce/National

Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration/Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research, n.d. Web. 31 Aug. 2016.

  • Canty, Dr. Tim
  • Champ, Dr. Joseph
  • Denning, Dr. Scott
  • Fuchs, Brody
  • http://www.lightningsafety.noaa.gov/stats/05-14_Flash_Density_State.pdf
  • http://www.lightningsafety.noaa.gov/stats/97-12Flash_DensitybyState.pdf
  • "National Weather Service Weather Forecast Office." NWS Melbourne Lightning Information Center. National

Weather Service, 31 Aug. 2009. Web. 31 Aug. 2016.

  • "NOAA National Severe Storms Laboratory." NOAA National Severe Storms Laboratory. U.S. Department of

Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration/Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research, n.d.

  • Web. 31 Aug. 2016.
  • "NWS Lightning Safety Home Page." NWS Lightning Safety Home Page. U.S. Department of Commerce/National

Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration/Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research, n.d. Web. 31 Aug. 2016.

  • Rutledge, Dr. Steve
  • "Storm Events Database." National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) Formerly Known as National

Climatic Data Center (NCDC). NOAA Chief Information Officer, n.d. Web. 31 Aug. 2016.

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