网 通 Kazimierz Fiedorowicz, Jacek Fiedorowicz jkmfiedorowicz@wp.pl Czestochowa University of Technology, Poland 交 44 th ISoCaRP Congress , Urban Growth without Sprawl: A way towards sustainable urbanization . Workshop 4 与 g 划 r o 规 . p SHAPING SPATIAL STRUCTURE SHAPING SPATIAL STRUCTURE 市 u y OF THE NEW MEMBER STATES OF THE NEW MEMBER STATES 城 t OF THE EUROPEAN UNION OF THE EUROPEAN UNION i － c . 界 w w 世 w 市 都 Dalian, China, 19 – 23 September 2008
网 通 Contents 交 Introduction 与 1. Shaping national spatial structure g 划 r 2. The spatial structure model of Poland o 规 . 3. The „Baltica” spatial structure model p 市 4. The „Visehrad” spatial structure model u y 城 5. The „Danuba” spatial structure model t i 6. The „Iberia” spatial structure model － c . 7. Comparison of the spatial structure models 界 w Summary and conclusion w 世 w 市 都 2 K. Fiedorowicz, J. Fiedorowicz: Shaping Spatial Structure of the New Member States of the European Union - 44 th ISoCaRP Congess – Dalian China, 19-23 September 2008
网 通 Introduction 交 The following spatial structure models have been compared: 与 Poland – variants D, N and R, g „Baltica” – Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania, 划 r „Visehrad” – The Czech, Slovakia and Hungary, o 规 „Danuba” – Romania and Bulgaria, . p „Iberia” – Spain and Portugal 市 u y 城 t The models have been compared in quantitative and qualitative terms. i － Components of the models are: c – NUTS1 regions, . 界 w – metropolises (ESPON), w – infrastructural relations (TEN), 世 w – protected areas (Natura 2000). 市 都 3 K. Fiedorowicz, J. Fiedorowicz: Shaping Spatial Structure of the New Member States of the European Union - 44 th ISoCaRP Congess – Dalian China, 19-23 September 2008
网 通 1. Shaping national spatial structure. 交 The aim of shaping: to obtain the basis for drawing the future vision or 与 concept of spatial development. g 划 The approach applied in shaping: strategic approach comprising 4 phases: r o 规 – phase 1 – determination of a model . – phase 2 – forecasting p 市 u – phase 3 – selection of a model y 城 – phase 4 – determination of a vision/concept t i － Components of a model: c . – regions 界 w – metropolis w 世 w – infrastructural relations – protected areas 市 都 4 K. Fiedorowicz, J. Fiedorowicz: Shaping Spatial Structure of the New Member States of the European Union - 44 th ISoCaRP Congess – Dalian China, 19-23 September 2008
网 通 Figure 1. Application of strategic approach for determining a vision of spatial structure. 交 与 PHASES OF THE APPROACH g 划 I II III IV r o 规 . Variant 1 p 市 Assessment u and Selection Current National Vision of National y of a Variant Spatial Structure 城 Variant 2 Spatial Structure of the Future t Model National Spatial i Structure － c Model Variant 3 . 界 w w 世 w Determining a Model Forecasting Variant Selection Vision 市 Source: The author’s own study. 都 5 K. Fiedorowicz, J. Fiedorowicz: Shaping Spatial Structure of the New Member States of the European Union - 44 th ISoCaRP Congess – Dalian China, 19-23 September 2008
网 通 2. The spatial structure model for Poland. 交 Features of division: Model D, division into 5 provinces (historical) 与 Model N, division into 6 NUTS1 regions (current) g Model R, division into 9 regions (future) 划 r o 规 Comparison of the models: Model D is useless, Model N is applied . for the current analysis p 市 u Model R is applied for forecasting (Table 1) y 城 t Components of the model: Model N – 6 regions, 9 metropolis i － Model R – 9 regions, 12 metropolis c . 界 Data referring to the model: w for Model N, the ratio of diversification for w 6 measures accounts to 1:1.5 (Table 2a) 世 w Spatial arrangement: in accordance with Figure 2. 市 都 6 K. Fiedorowicz, J. Fiedorowicz: Shaping Spatial Structure of the New Member States of the European Union - 44 th ISoCaRP Congess – Dalian China, 19-23 September 2008
网 通 Table 1. Comparison of variants of the spatial structure models for Poland. 交 Variants Model D – 5 regions Model N – 6 regions Model R – 9 regions 与 g 划 1. It refers to historical division 1. The division is suitable for 1. The division includes the r Advantages of the country into provinces. the current needs. features of future division. o 规 2. It applies the social regional 2. It combines the complexes 2. It enables further . consciousness. of metropolises with one development of metropolitan p another. functions in 12 cities. 市 u 3. It creates the opportunities for 3. It creates an economical 3. It favors reducing regional y separation of large regions. system of infrastructural differences. 城 relations. t i － Disadvantages 1. The historical development is 1. The division does not 1. There is an excessive c inapplicable to current correspond to future needs. quantitative spread of the . situation. division into regions. 界 w 2. It divides the complexes of 2. It reduces the number of 2. It raises doubts due to great w metropolises. metropolises to 9. favouring eastern part 世 w country. 3. It creates an impractical 3. It hinders reduction of 3. It creates a large number of 市 arrangement of infrastructural regional differences. infrastructural relations. relations. 都 Source: The author’s own study. 7 K. Fiedorowicz, J. Fiedorowicz: Shaping Spatial Structure of the New Member States of the European Union - 44 th ISoCaRP Congess – Dalian China, 19-23 September 2008
网 通 交 Table 2a. Description of the spatial structure of Model N for Poland. 与 GDP GDP R+D Loss Σ (2+3+ Higher Activity Population NUTS1 per per share in Index No. education in % 4+5+6+7) g 000 GDP Lisb. regions capita worker 划 in % in % r in % in % in % in % o 规 1. Central 7.733 66.7 34.2 92.4 88.9 55.5 70.6 67.6 . p 2. Southern 7.964 51.4 30.6 71.4 62.0 27.8 47.1 48.4 市 u 3. Eastern 6.779 36.5 21.8 71.4 85.5 16.7 52.9 47.5 y 城 4. North-Western 6.067 51.0 30.3 69.2 82.1 16.7 47.1 49.4 t i 5. South-Western 3.949 49.5 32.1 74.1 79.1 16.7 41.2 48.8 － c 6. Northern 3.688 45.5 29.7 66.1 79.9 16.7 39.2 46.2 . 界 w 7. Poland 38.180 50.7 29.9 75.0 83.4 33.3 52.9 54.2 w 世 8. UE27 489.671 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 w 市 Source: The author’s own study based on the data of Central Statistical Office and Eurostat. 都 8 K. Fiedorowicz, J. Fiedorowicz: Shaping Spatial Structure of the New Member States of the European Union - 44 th ISoCaRP Congess – Dalian China, 19-23 September 2008
网 通 Figure 2. The spatial structure models for Poland. 交 与 a) Model D, b) Model N c) Model R g 划 r o 规 . p 市 u y 城 t i － c . 界 w w 世 w 市 Source: The author’s own study. 都 9 K. Fiedorowicz, J. Fiedorowicz: Shaping Spatial Structure of the New Member States of the European Union - 44 th ISoCaRP Congess – Dalian China, 19-23 September 2008
网 通 3. The „Baltica” spatial structure model. 交 Features of division: division into 3 NUTS1 regions 与 Components of the model: 3 regions, 4 metropolis, relations g Data referring to the model: the ratio of diversification for 6 measures accounts to 划 r 1:1.35 (Table 3) o 规 Spatial arrangement: in accordance with Figure 3. . p 市 u Table 3. Description of the spatial structure of the „Baltica” model. y 城 t Σ (2+3+ GDP per GDP per Higher R+D Loss No. NUTS1 Population Activity i capita worker education share in index 4+5+6+7) － regions 000 in % c in % in % in % GDP % Lisb. in % in % . 界 1. Estonia 1.356 55.7 31.9 148.7 101.9 50.0 105.9 82.3 w 2. Latvia 2.313 45.5 22.3 91.5 100.0 22.2 88.2 61.6 w 世 w 3. Lithuania 3.436 51.1 25.7 117.4 98.9 44.4 98.0 72.6 市 4. „Baltica” 7.105 50.2 26.2 121.4 99.7 38.9 102. 73.1 5. EU27 489.671 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 都 Source: The author’s own study based on the data of Eurostat. 10 K. Fiedorowicz, J. Fiedorowicz: Shaping Spatial Structure of the New Member States of the European Union - 44 th ISoCaRP Congess – Dalian China, 19-23 September 2008
网 通 Figure 3. The „Baltica” spatial structure model. 交 1 - Estonia; 2 – Latvia; 3 – Lithuania Legend for figures 2-6: 与 g 划 r o 规 . p 市 u y 城 t i － c . 界 w w 世 w 市 都 Source: The author’s own study. 11 K. Fiedorowicz, J. Fiedorowicz: Shaping Spatial Structure of the New Member States of the European Union - 44 th ISoCaRP Congess – Dalian China, 19-23 September 2008
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