Improving Accessibility to Potable Water in Yuu, Ecuador Noah - - PDF document

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Improving Accessibility to Potable Water in Yuu, Ecuador Noah - - PDF document

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1/11/2013 Improving Accessibility to Potable Water in Yuu, Ecuador Noah Buikema Noah Buikema Bradley Hildebrand Victoria Reuvers Kathryn Valenzuela Outline Introduction Define the Problem History Data Collection

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1/11/2013 1

Improving Accessibility to Potable Water in Yuu, Ecuador

Noah Buikema Noah Buikema Bradley Hildebrand Victoria Reuvers Kathryn Valenzuela

Outline

  • Introduction
  • Define the Problem
  • History
  • Data Collection
  • Methods
  • Preliminary Design
  • Conclusions
  • Questions
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Introduction

  • Located in Amazonias Region of Ecuador

▫ Between Macas and Puyo

  • Community lies on a ridge approximately one

mile from large river

  • Ninety percent of homes are visible from main

highway

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Community Dynamics Defining the Problem

  • Procedure

▫ Community Meeting ▫ Interviewing families ▫ Examining community’s needs vs. desires

 Struggles during dry season to obtain potable water C b t hild  Concerns about children

  • Problem Statement

▫ “Improving sustainable accessibility to potable water”

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History

  • Pre-existing System
  • Pump Problems

▫ Lack of Adequate Flow ▫ Incorrect Pump Size ▫ Diesel Fuel

  • Piping
  • Tank
  • Lack of Maintenance

Design Options

  • Distribution System

y

  • Rain Water Harvesting System
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Data Collection

  • Consumption/Population Demographics
  • Surveying
  • Water Quality/Turbidity

y/ y

  • Stream Bed Analysis
  • Flow Data at current sources

Data Collection

  • Water Consumption/ Population Demographics

Coordinates S01 52.506 W077 48.636 Elevation 2797 Picture 508 514 Population 4 Tank No Water Source Rainwater PondL4‐6 N t House L5 Notes: 3) Collect in Small Buckets 1) Cooks outside 2) Wash and bathe in pond L4‐6

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Data Collection

  • Surveying

Equation : HI + Shot =

Station "+ or ‐ (ft)" Elev (ft.)

Feet Inches Converge (ft) Feet Inches Converge (ft) 0+00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

0.00 3024.00

R3´OS0+00 5.00 5.13 5.43 4.00 10.00 4.83

0.59 3024.59

L3´OS0+00 5.00 5.13 5.43 5.00 11.63 5.97

‐0.54 3023.46 HI Shot

ROAD SURVEY DATA GATHERED FROM YUU, ECUADOR (5‐6‐12 thru 5‐8‐12)

Data Collection

  • Water Quality/Turbidity
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Data Collection

  • Stream Bed Analysis

Data Collection

  • Flow Data

Average Flow 0.5 ft3/sec 43,000 ft3/day 1,221,000 liters/day

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Preliminary Design Cost Estimate

Table 1: Cost Estimate for Yuu, Ecuador Piping Project p g j Material Cost of Materials ( U.S. $) 2'' Pipe (in ft) $ 7000 Pipe Connections $ 2800 Tees $ 43 Overhead (20%) $ 2000 Overhead (20%) $ 2000 Pump 1 $ 9000 Pump 2 $ 4000 Total $ 25,0 0 0 .0 0

*Assume no transportation cost*

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Concerns

  • Sustainability
  • Ownership
  • Insufficient Flow
  • Pipe Breaks
  • Cost

▫ Capital ▫ Operational and Maintenance

Final Design- Rain Water Harvesting

Monthly Average Precipitation for Puyo, Ecuador

6 8 10 12 14 16 18

n (inches per m onth)

Month

2 4

Precipitation

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Overall Rainfall Harvesting S ystem Design

  • Modeled for generic

Modeled for generic house

  • Components

▫ Gutters ▫ Filtration apparatus pp ▫ Storage tank

Gutters

  • 6” PVC pipe
  • Gutter hangers

▫ Wood

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Filtration Apparatus

  • Funnel

▫ Coarse Screen ▫ Fine Screen ▫ Notched

  • First Flush Device

B ll S l ▫ Ball Style ▫ Purge contaminants from roof

http://www.aquabarrel.com/product_downspout_filters_first_flush_inline.php

Prototype

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S torage Tank

  • Dimensions

Dimensions

▫ Height = 1.5 m ▫ Diameter = 2.2 m

  • Characteristics

▫ Ferro Cement

 Wire  Rebar

▫ 5500 L

Tank S ize Determination

Liters/Person Frequency 0‐10 0.00 10 20 0 00

* 70% of rainwater is harvested Assumptions:

10‐20 0.00 20‐30 24.00 30‐40 0.00 40‐49 0.00 50 341.00 Reliability = 100.0% Target Range

* harvested Conserve percent is when the household will begin to use 20 liters per day instead of 50 liters per day

Roof Area = 2500.00 sft Tank Size = 5500.00 Liters Household = 6 People Conserve %= 40% Inputs

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Cost Estimate

Table 2: Cost Estimate of Rain Water Collection System ab e : Cost st ate o a Wate Co ect o Syste

FERROCEMENT TANK $ 75 WATER FILTRATION UNITS $ 12 GUTTER SYSTEM $ 74 *Assumption: No labor cost incurred* TOTAL COST PER HOUSE $ 193 TOTAL COST FOR COMMUNITY $7,500

S ustainability

  • Why does this design work?

▫ Engineering Aspects

 Low maintenance  Low cost  Utilizes precipitation

▫ Cultural Aspects ▫ Cultural Aspects

 Ownership  Local materials  Basic system; hands off  Ability to replicate design

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Future S teps

  • Research for funding: 6 months

Research for funding: 6 months

  • Order supplies and materials: 2 weeks
  • Begin construction of rainwater harvesting systems:

2 months

Conclusions

  • Improving accessibility to potable water for all

community members

  • Creating a sustainable design that is

economically and socially appropriate

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Acknowledgements

  • Dr. Remigio Gallaraga
  • Dr. Kurt Paterson
  • Dr. Dave Watkins
  • Carol Andrade
  • Daniel Arciniega

Daniel Arciniega

  • Nataly Quelal
  • Francisco Ramirez -Tapia

QUESTIONS?