IBESA U.S. Storage Day Integrators Perspective on Trends in Battery - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

IBESA U.S. Storage Day

Integrator’s Perspective on Trends in Battery Energy Storage Systems Pero C. Elizondo – Flex Energy September 10, 2017

BESS Integration

Step up or Isolation Transformer MV or LV SWGR Inverters (bidirectional) AC to DC and DC to AC Batteries Charging Batteries Discharging Batteries LOAD Network Connection Point BESS

BESS Components

System Components Description Storage Medium Energy Reservoir. Its main function is to retain the energy for a later usage. Power Conversion System (PCS) Majority of the storage technologies requires power electronic equipment to invert the DC into AC to connect the energy storage system to the grid. Balance of Plant Include the housing for the Storage Medium and the PCS, and the control system.

BESS Integration | System Sizing–Starting Point: Application

Network Location Application Name Classification Type of Application A, B i) Commodity Arbitrage ii) Load Leveling Energy Management Energy B, D Spinning and non-spinning reserve. Energy Management Energy A, B Frequency Regulation T&D grid Support or Bridging Power* Power B, D, F T&D congestion relief T&D grid Support or Bridging Power Power B, D, F T&D asset deferral T&D grid Support or Bridging Power Power B, D Voltage Regulation or Support Power Quality** Power C Integration of renewable sources to the grid,

• ptimizing the renewable

energy usage. Bridging Power or Energy Management. Power or Energy depending on the design. C Ramp Control and Capacity Firming of renewables T&D grid Support or Bridging Power E, G, H i)Power Quality ii) Demand Management (peak shaving) Power Quality / UPS Power

Energy Storage Systems Applications

BESS Integration | System Sizing–Starting Point: Application

System performance parameter Power Applications Energy Applications Power Rate Up to 40 MW (depends on the application) Higher than1 MW (cost effective >10 MW) Discharge Time Up to 1 hour > 1 hour Response time Fast (seconds) Medium (minutes) Cycles (charging and discharging) Several cycles per day One or few cycles per day

Pumped Hydro CAES NaS battery Li-ion battery Flow battery Flywheels / Capacitors Lead-acid battery

Energy Applications Power Applications

Power and Energy Applications

Li-Ion

BESS Integration | System Sizing

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

State of Charge (%)

Starting Point: Application

• Power rating - How much power can it

deliver at any moment?

• Energy capacity - How much total energy

can the system store? Parameters to Size the System (batteries) Number of Cycles per day Discharge rate Expected Life Depth of Discharge kW kW-hr

BESS Integration challenges

Step up or Isolation Transformer MV or LV SWGR Inverters (bidirectional) AC to DC and DC to AC Batteries Charging Batteries Discharging Batteries LOAD Network Connection Point BESS System Integration Design Factors:

• Duty Cycle
• Bidirectional
• Voltage
• DOD
• Protection
• Protection
• SOC
• Active/Reactive power - Short Circuit Capability
• SOC
• Harmonics control
• Degradation
• Generation Control
• Ambient Conditions
• Island Functionality
• Shor Circuit
• Black Start Capability
• Safety
• Integration with the BMS

BESS Integration Challenge

System Components Challenge Storage Medium

• Cost per kW-hr
• Performance
• Safety
• Minimize the loss of life
• Efficiency

Power Conversion System (PCS)

• Cost per kW
• Functionality

Dynamic Active Power Control Dynamic Reactive Power Control Generator Emulation Control Mode (with Voltage and Frequency droop) Auto Island Functionality with Synchronization Back to Grid Black Start Capability Balance of Plant

• Include the housing for the Storage Medium and the PCS, and the control system
• Safety
• Life
• Bankable providers

BESS Integration | System Control

Network

Grid Connection Equipment Inverters Battery System

Control System goal is to control the Real and Reactive Power (P and Q) integrating the Batteries, PCS and Grid components to positive impact the Network Performance.

Value Proposition for Battery Containers (SCP)

• Provide Infrastructure to the

batteries for optimal performance(temperature, airflow)

• Safety
• Protection for the highest cost

asset

• Integration of Battery Racks

and connection to the PCS

• Cost Efficient ($/kW-hr)

Need

• Comprehensive Design

process: Electrical, Mechanical and Thermal

• Design based on Battery

Requirements and parameters like DOD,SOC, SOH, Volts/Amps, Short Circuit, BMS, and Temperatures.

• Purpose build enclosure with

ISO dimensions including engineered DC protection, thermal management, fire suppression, controls, auxiliary load distribution, and power connectivity.

• The enclosure is unmanned

and access to all equipment for

• perational and maintenance

purposes is provided through side doors.

• Verification of thermal

management through Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) which is a branch of fluid mechanics that uses numerical analysis to solve problems that involve fluid flows

Approach

• Reduces engineering cost
• The layout of the

container is flexible so that strings can be treated as bays with specific loads and thermal budget enabling the integration of many manufacturers with minimal engineering effort.

• The SCP is being

engineered to maximize the power/energy density

• f the system by utilizing a

novel layout approach.

• Unmanned enclosure

allows to place inside higher number of battery racks which increases the energy density per container.

• Thermal management

control through a PLC including monitoring and control of key systems like HVAC and fire suppression system

Benefits Container Design

10

Battery Container | Typical Components

HVAC Battery Racks Unmanned enclosure with external access to all components Fork lift pockets + 4 bottom rigging points 20’ HQ ISO purpose build structure HVAC duct DC bus @ 1000VDC DC connection port AC aux input

11

Battery Container | Components

DC Panel: Fuses Disconnect Contactor PLC/RTU Battery string CBs 3kVA UPS Power supply for DC aux loads Fire detection and suppression: Control panel Sensors Battery backup Horn Strobe Agent + storage container (FM200

• r NOVEC 1230)

Discharge nozzles and piping Signs (caution and discharge) AC panel: Aux transformer Disconnect switch Fuses Aux load power distribution Container: Insulated Checker plate interior and floor Side bi-fold doors Purpose build with ISO HQ dimensions

HVAC

BESS Integration | Value proposition for customers

Value proposition Cost savings on engineered system Reduced integration times (and costs) Reduced engineering costs Ability to scale up with Increased power/energy density to reduce cost per kW-Hr

BESS Value proposition aligned with Smart Grid Customer Value Drivers

Energy Storage Systems supports the Smart Grid Priorities based on Customer Value Drivers:

• Increased Capacity – increase power delivery using existing infrastructure
• Improved Reliability – reduce number and duration of outages, increase asset life
• Greater Efficiency – improve power factor, perform voltage management, provide

bidirectional power flow

• Sustainability – solutions for distributed generation as well as increased usable life of

assets through performance monitoring and analytics

• Interoperability and Integration of New Technologies: Storage, Wireless

communications, Monitoring/Diagnostics

Answering the challenge of today’s marketplace in the

Age of Intelligence™

Thank You