I. Ethnobotany A. Definition: Study of how people use plants. I. - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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I. Ethnobotany A. Definition: Study of how people use plants. I. - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

May 30, 2023 325 likes •835 views

I. Ethnobotany A. Definition: Study of how people use plants. I. Ethnobotany B. Plant Use Categories: 1. Structure & wood 2. Medicine 3. Food from seeds, fruit, flowers, stems & buds I. Ethnobotany B. Plant Use Categories: 4.

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SLIDE 1
  • I. Ethnobotany
  • A. Definition: Study of how people use plants.
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SLIDE 2
  • I. Ethnobotany
  • B. Plant Use Categories:
  • 1. Structure & wood
  • 2. Medicine
  • 3. Food from seeds, fruit, flowers, stems & buds
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SLIDE 3
  • I. Ethnobotany
  • B. Plant Use Categories:
  • 4. Fiber
  • 5. Beverages
  • 6. Gums, resins, and glues
  • 7. Dyes
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SLIDE 4
  • II. Specific Plants
  • A. Mesquite

Ethnobotany

  • 1. Indigenous peoples referred to the mesquite as the tree of: LIFE
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SLIDE 5
  • II. Specific Plants
  • A. Mesquite

Ethnobotany

  • 1. Uses for this plant include

Structure & wood: Ramadas Corrals Carvings

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SLIDE 6
  • II. Specific Plants
  • A. Mesquite

Ethnobotany

  • 1. Uses for this plant include

Food from seeds & fruit Blossoms Honey

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SLIDE 7
  • II. Specific Plants
  • A. Mesquite

Ethnobotany

  • 1. Uses for this plant include

Food from seeds & fruit Blossoms Honey Green pods

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SLIDE 8
  • II. Specific Plants
  • A. Mesquite

Ethnobotany

  • 1. Uses for this plant include

Food from seeds & fruit Ripe pods (flour)

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SLIDE 9
  • II. Specific Plants
  • A. Mesquite

Ethnobotany

  • 1. Uses for this plant include

Fiber from the inner bark: baskets rope

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SLIDE 10
  • II. Specific Plants
  • A. Mesquite

Ethnobotany

  • 1. Uses for this plant include

Gums, resins, and glues: Mesquite sap

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SLIDE 11
  • II. Specific Plants
  • A. Mesquite

Ethnobotany

  • 1. Uses for this plant include

Dyes: Mesquite sap Mesquite pitch paint

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SLIDE 12
  • II. Specific Plants
  • A. Mesquite

Ethnobotany

  • 1. Uses for this plant include

Firewood: high quality, burns slowly and is smokeless

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SLIDE 13
  • II. Specific Plants
  • A. Mesquite

Ethnobotany

  • 1. Uses for this plant include

Medicine: leaves, flowers, pods, and bark Internal: inhibit diarrhea & other G.I. inflammations External: pods made into eyewash

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SLIDE 14
  • II. Specific Plants
  • B. Ironwood

Ethnobotany

  • 1. Structure & wood

a. A cubic foot of iron wood weighs 60 – 65 lbs. , and would sink in your swimming pool.

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SLIDE 15
  • II. Specific Plants
  • B. Ironwood

Ethnobotany

  • 1. Structure & wood
  • b. Natives used thoroughly dried wood for:

1) High quality firewood 2) Carvings 3) Arrow heads/ spear tips 4) Tool handles

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SLIDE 16
  • II. Specific Plants
  • B. Ironwood

Ethnobotany

  • 1. Structure & wood

c. Seeds: high in protein, taste like peanuts when roasted

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SLIDE 17
  • II. Specific Plants
  • C. Saguaro cactus

Ethnobotany

  • 1. The saguaro cactus is considered a

Keystone species in the Sonoran Desert.

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SLIDE 18
  • II. Specific Plants
  • C. Saguaro cactus

Ethnobotany

  • 2. Uses of this plant include:

Structure & wood Saguaro Rib Fence Lath on Ramada Harvesting poles

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SLIDE 19
  • II. Specific Plants
  • C. Saguaro cactus

Ethnobotany

  • 2. Uses of this plant include:

Food (a reliable source) Fruit

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SLIDE 20
  • II. Specific Plants
  • C. Saguaro cactus

Ethnobotany

  • 2. Uses of this plant include:

Food (a reliable source) Seeds

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SLIDE 21
  • II. Specific Plants
  • C. Saguaro cactus

Ethnobotany

  • 2. Uses of this plant include:

Food (a reliable source) Syrup

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SLIDE 22
  • II. Specific Plants
  • C. Saguaro cactus

Ethnobotany

  • 2. Uses of this plant include:

Beverages Ceremonial wine, non-alcoholic punch ( from the fruit)

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SLIDE 23
  • II. Specific Plants
  • D. Agave

Ethnobotany

  • 1. The ability to distinguish flowering

agaves from non-flowering agaves & bitter species from non-bitter species was (and still is) difficult and requires great skills on the part of the harvester.

  • 2. Of the approximately 300 species of agave that exist, 50 are

in the Sonoran Desert region. There are over 125 species in Mexico, and a mere 12 species in Arizona.

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SLIDE 24
  • II. Specific Plants
  • D. Agave

Ethnobotany

  • 3. Uses of this plant include:

Food: Roasted hearts – called cabeza or corazon

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SLIDE 25
  • II. Specific Plants
  • D. Agave

Ethnobotany

  • 3. Uses of this plant include:

Beverages: alcoholic & non-alcoholic Tequila & Mezcal

Tequila Blanco

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SLIDE 26
  • II. Specific Plants
  • D. Agave

Ethnobotany

  • 3. Uses of this plant include:

Syrup: Blue agave nectar

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SLIDE 27
  • II. Specific Plants
  • D. Agave

Ethnobotany

  • 3. Uses of this plant include:

Fiber: Cordage (rope) Brooms Sandals

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SLIDE 28
  • II. Specific Plants
  • D. Agave

Ethnobotany

  • 3. Uses of this plant include:

Fiber: Clothing Nets Blankets Baskets

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SLIDE 29
  • II. Specific Plants
  • D. Agave

Ethnobotany

  • 3. Uses of this plant include:

Instruments: Didgeridoo, From the flowering Stalk.

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SLIDE 30
  • II. Specific Plants
  • D. Agave

Ethnobotany

  • 3. Uses of this plant include:

Other: Soap Ceremonial purposes

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SLIDE 31
  • II. Specific Plants
  • D. Agave

Ethnobotany

  • 3. Uses of this plant include:

Medicine: leaf tincture: Good for indigestion & as a diuretic.

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SLIDE 32
  • II. Specific Plants
  • E. Jojoba

Ethnobotany

  • 1. Oil (liquid wax) – molecularly

similar to sperm whale oil.

  • 2. Used for : hydrogenated wax,

pharmaceuticals, lubricants, cosmetics, hair restoration.

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SLIDE 33
  • II. Specific Plants
  • E. Jojoba

Ethnobotany

  • 3. Medicine: tea from leaves is a

remedy for asthma & emphysema.

  • 4. At one time during the 1970’s,

Arizona had 40,000 acres of Jojoba in commercial production.

  • 5. Political changes in the early

1980’s removed the tax incentives for growing the plant and the industry collapsed.

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SLIDE 34
  • II. Specific Plants
  • F. Prickly Pear Cactus

Ethnobotany

  • 1. Fruits: jams, jellies, syrup, candy and rich in

calcium.

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SLIDE 35
  • II. Specific Plants
  • F. Prickly Pear Cactus

Ethnobotany

  • 2. Young “pads” – napolitos:

Used as food in soups, salads, and stews. Daily meals of “pads” fed to healthy, obese & diabetic individuals significantly lowers total cholesterol and glycemia in all groups studied, stabilizing blood sugar and insulin.

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SLIDE 36
  • II. Specific Plants
  • G. Chiles

Ethnobotany

Active ingredient is: capsaicin

  • 1. Among the 23 species of wild

growing chilies, the chiltipines provide a genetic base for the 2000-3000 species of milder domestic varieties.

  • 2. Harvesters pick an estimated 30

tons of chiltipines a year for salsa, insect and bear sprays and medicines for the treatment of indigestion, arthritis and mouth cancer.

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SLIDE 37
  • II. Specific Plants
  • G. Chiles

Ethnobotany

Active ingredient is: capsaicin

  • 4. Chiltipines are 75 to 1000 times “hotter”

than the jalapeno, ranking them the 3rd hottest chile behind the habanera and the Bahamian pepper.

  • 5. Chiltipines have been used for 8000 years.

Incas, Aztecs and Mayans cherished chiles, using them to spice food. Their women rubbed Chiltipine powder on their nipples to wean babies, and the Incas burned chiles to create a noxious smoke to try to deter European invaders.

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SLIDE 38
  • II. Specific Plants
  • H. Creosote

Ethnobotany

  • 1. Extracts from the leaves are

removed by alcohol i.e. vodka, filtered and made into a tincture.

  • 2. This tincture is used to relieve

arthritis and rheumatism. It is also a good antifungal agent.

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SLIDE 39
  • II. Specific Plants
  • I. Brittlebush

Ethnobotany

  • 1. At selective times of the year the

brittlebush secretes a sticky gum/resin that was used to patch pottery, chewed as gum, and used by the early Spanish padres as incense.

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SLIDE 40
  • II. Specific Plants
  • I. Brittlebush

Ethnobotany

  • 2. A tea from the leaves was used in

Northern Mexico to relieve arthritis while the gum was applied to the throat and neck to loosen up thick mucus that lingers from bronchitis.

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SLIDE 41
  • II. Specific Plants
  • J. Desert Spoon

Ethnobotany

  • 1. Fiber for baskets .
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SLIDE 42
  • II. Specific Plants
  • J. Desert Spoon

Ethnobotany

  • 1. Fiber for baskets .
  • 2. Edible buds – swollen stems.
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SLIDE 43
  • II. Specific Plants
  • J. Desert Spoon (Sotol)

Ethnobotany

  • 1. Fiber for baskets .
  • 2. Edible buds – swollen stems.
  • 3. Alcoholic beverage Sotol.
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SLIDE 44
  • II. Specific Plants
  • K. Yucca

Ethnobotany

  • 1. Fiber for baskets & brushes
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SLIDE 45
  • II. Specific Plants
  • K. Yucca

Ethnobotany

  • 1. Fiber for baskets & brushes.
  • 2. Edible flowers and buds.
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SLIDE 46
  • II. Specific Plants
  • K. Yucca

Ethnobotany

  • 1. Fiber for baskets & brushes.
  • 2. Edible flowers and buds.
  • 3. “Soap-like” extractions from the roots.
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SLIDE 47
  • II. Specific Plants
  • K. Yucca

Ethnobotany

  • 1. Fiber for baskets & brushes.
  • 2. Edible flowers and buds.
  • 3. “Soap-like” extractions from the roots.
  • 4. A tea from the roots is used for joint inflammation.
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SLIDE 48
  • II. Specific Plants
  • L. Bear Grass

Ethnobotany

  • 1. Fiber for baskets.
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SLIDE 49

Ethnobotany