Many Thanks to: Paper: # C2.5 Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) for Industrial-scale Production of Graphene Grant Support: Films. Elena Y. Polyakova 1 , Ph.D., CEO/President , Daniel Stolyarov 1 , Wei Zhang 2 , Thomas Salagaj 2 , Karlheinz Strobl 2 , Kirill Bolotin 3 Graphene Laboratories Inc 5 Archstone Cir Unit 202 Reading, MA, 01867 www.graphenelab.com phone (516) 382-8649 fax (781) 287-1248
Outline o Introduction: Bringing Nanotechnology to market place o Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) for Industrial-scale Production of Graphene Films: Key Challenges o First graphene-enabled commercial products o Graphene Membranes for High- Contrast TEM (Transmission Electron Microscopy) o What is next? CVD Graphene™ Courtesy of Prof. Bolotin, Vanderbilt University Graphene Laboratories Inc 5 Archstone Cir Unit 202 Reading, MA, 01867 www.graphenelab.com phone (516) 382-8649 fax (781) 287-1248
Fullerenes 1985 Graphene: Towards Commercialization 0D Carbon Nanotubes 1991 1D Graphene 2004 “Graphene will be increasingly Oct 5, 2010 competitive versus multi-wall nanotubes (MWNTs). Graphene 2D already threatens MWNTs in Graphite composite, coating and energy storage device applications…” Lux Research Report 3D http://www.nanotechwire.com/news.asp?nid=7628 Graphene Laboratories Inc 5 Archstone Cir Unit 202 Reading, MA, 01867 www.graphenelab.com phone (516) 382-8649 fax (781) 287-1248
Nanotechnology to marketplace: Scaling Up to Commercial Production Barriers for Nanomanufactoring DOE, Nanotechnology Roadmap (2007) Nanotechnology: Scientific fiction or Commercial Reality?
Carbon Nanotubes: Big Promise Golf Clubs Space elevator Electronics Baseball bats Hydrogen storage and more….. Boats 2000 2010 Graphene Laboratories Inc 5 Archstone Cir Unit 202 Reading, MA, 01867 www.graphenelab.com phone (516) 382-8649 fax (781) 287-1248
Industrial Scale Production of CVD Graphene We manufacture and sell graphene products Exclusive Distribution Deal Visit booth #919 http://www.cvdequipment.com info@cvdequipment.com Tel: (631) 981-7081 NASDAQ:CVV
Industrial Scale Production of CVD Graphene Targeted Markets: • Displays, touch panels • Solar Cells • Flexible Electronics • Transparent Conductors Reality check Key Challenges: Transmittance and sheet resistance data for papers appearing in • Transfer on insulators the literature. These are broken down into films prepared by CVD, or from reduced graphene oxide or • Production cost chemically modified graphene, pristine exfoliated graphene, or chemically synthesized graphene. In all cases the data in the figure • Reduced conductance correspond to the best data reported. Sukanta De and Jonathan N. Coleman ACS Nano , 2010 , 4 (5), pp 2713 – 2720 Graphene Laboratories Inc 5 Archstone Cir Unit 202 Reading, MA, 01867 www.graphenelab.com phone (516) 382-8649 fax (781) 287-1248
Industrial Scale Production of CVD Graphene: graphene on copper Graphene™ on copper foil Initial report Recent results 100 µm We can grow single, Bilayer Multilayer double layer and few- Bhaviripudi, Nano Lett. 2010, 10 , 4128 – 4133 Lee, Nano Lett. 2010, 10 , 4720 layer thick graphene films Problems: Poor understanding, growth of copper wafers and foils control, characterization
Industrial Scale Production of CVD Graphene CVD Graphene™ coatings on a 4” wafer. Graphene Laboratories Inc 5 Archstone Cir Unit 202 Reading, MA, 01867 www.graphenelab.com phone (516) 382-8649 fax (781) 287-1248
Graphene Membranes for High-Contrast TEM (Transmission Electron Microscopy) Conventional TEM grid Graphene ™ TEM grid Conventional TEM grid • Higher contrast • Better spatial resolution • Easier sample preparation Graphene Laboratories Inc 5 Archstone Cir Unit 202 Reading, MA, 01867 www.graphenelab.com phone (516) 382-8649 fax (781) 287-1248
CVD Graphene ™ TEM grids Actual product Graphene™ film Applications: Advantages: • Imaging of proteins, viruses, • Plug-and-play compatibility with DNA existing TEM equipment • Medical Diagnostics • Low production cost • Single Cell Studies • Processable by standard • 3D protein imaging semiconductor equipment • Drug design • Biological Markers • Bio-inspired nanomaterials Optical Image Graphene Laboratories Inc 5 Archstone Cir Unit 202 Reading, MA, 01867 www.graphenelab.com phone (516) 382-8649 fax (781) 287-1248
Graphene Membranes for High-Contrast TEM (Transmission Electron Microscopy) Arrows indicate gold nanopoarticles Graphene™ film Courtesy of Prof. Bolotin A high-resolution TEM image of a Au nanoparticle on a suspended intact A low resolution TEM image of CVDGraphene™ film. Gold atomic structure suspended intact CVDGraphene™ film and ligands are visible. on a copper TEM grid . Graphene Laboratories Inc 5 Archstone Cir Unit 202 Reading, MA, 01867 www.graphenelab.com phone (516) 382-8649 fax (781) 287-1248
Graphene Membranes for High-Contrast TEM (Transmission Electron Microscopy) CVD Graphene™ CVD Graphene™ Courtesy of Profs. Bolotin and Jerome, Vanderbilt University Courtesy of Prof. Bolotin, Vanderbilt University 50 nm 50 nm Conventional TEM grid CVD Graphene™ TEM grid Graphene Laboratories Inc 5 Archstone Cir Unit 202 Reading, MA, 01867 www.graphenelab.com phone (516) 382-8649 fax (781) 287-1248
DNA- wrapped Gold Nanoparticles (Gang’s Group, BNL) Courtesy of ZS Genetics Graphene Laboratories Inc 5 Archstone Cir Unit 202 Reading, MA, 01867 www.graphenelab.com phone (516) 382-8649 fax (781) 287-1248
Direct Imaging of Biological Molecules by SEM DNA- wrapped Gold Nanoparticles (Gang’s Group, BNL) Graphene Laboratories Inc 5 Archstone Cir Unit 202 Reading, MA, 01867 www.graphenelab.com phone (516) 382-8649 fax (781) 287-1248
Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) for Industrial-scale Production of Graphene Films: What is next? CVD Graphene™ is a Key challenges: perfect starting material for: • Production cost • Optimization of transfer methods • Better understanding of CVD Graphene growth Solar Cells and Flexible Bio and Chemical Sensors Electronics MEMS and NEMS Graphene Electronics Graphene Laboratories Inc 5 Archstone Cir Unit 202 Reading, MA, 01867 www.graphenelab.com phone (516) 382-8649 fax (781) 287-1248
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