Galactic Winds driven by Clustered Supernovae
Drummond Fielding Flatiron Institute, CCA
Galactic Winds driven by Clustered Supernovae Drummond Fielding - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Galactic Winds driven by Clustered Supernovae Drummond Fielding Flatiron Institute, CCA Galactic Winds Overview we see them we need them Stellar Mass / Halo Mass Metallicity Stellar Mass Halo Mass Behroozi+18 Tremonti+04 we do not
Drummond Fielding Flatiron Institute, CCA
Drummond Fielding 21 March 2019
we see them we need them
Spitzer Hubble Chandra
Behroozi+18
Halo Mass Stellar Mass / Halo Mass
Tremonti+04
Stellar Mass Metallicity
Drummond Fielding 21 March 2019
background
DF +17
Athena4.2
Drummond Fielding 21 March 2019
importance of clustering
100 101 fcl 10−3 10−2 10−1 100
∝ f1.05
cl
ηE ηM
Σgas=10 M
pc2
Σgas=30 M
pc2
randomly distributed
ηE = ˙ Ewind ˙ ESN
ηM = ˙ Mwind ˙ M?
number of SN going
luckily stars form in clusters!
DF +17
highly clustered
mass loading energy loading
Drummond Fielding 21 March 2019
unstratified simulations
Radiative Cooling + Photo Heating + Turbulence = semi-realistic testbed ISM for SNe
athena++
Drummond Fielding 21 March 2019
unstratified simulations
MGMC = πh2Σgas
<latexit sha1_base64="vTYZg9/+7/NXLtazq5VjTgK/0A=">ACD3icdVC7SgNBFJ2NrxhfUubwaBYhd2YZGMhBFJoE4loHpCNYXYymwyZ2V1mZoWw5A9s/BUbC0Vsbe38GycPQUPXDicy/3uOGjEplmh9GYmFxaXkluZpaW9/Y3Epv7zRkEAlM6jhgWi5SBJGfVJXVDHSCgVB3GWk6Q4rE795S4SkgX+tRiHpcNT3qUcxUlrqpg+r3dgRHJ5VK2N4Cp2QwsFNDjpXtM/RzOojOe6mM2bWtnOWVYCaFAsn+Smxi3a+BK2sOUGzFHrpt+dXoAjTnyFGZKybZmh6sRIKIoZGaecSJIQ4SHqk7amPuJEduLpP2N4oJUe9AKhy1dwqn6fiBGXcsRd3cmRGsjf3kT8y2tHyit1YuqHkSI+ni3yIgZVACfhwB4VBCs20gRhQfWtEA+QFjpCFM6hK9P4f+kctax1nrMp8pX8zjSI9sA+OgAVsUAbnoAbqAIM78ACewLNxbzwaL8brDVhzGd2wQ8Yb58pi5uS</latexit>MCluster = ✏?MGMC
<latexit sha1_base64="/ntcpE+t2JSU3iPNlBIxvdKDM=">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</latexit>NSN = MCluster/100M
<latexit sha1_base64="McHWkQrAftvKyEa2wOrnHnpRVeQ=">ACEXicdVDLSgMxFM34rPU16tJNsAhd1ZnadupCKHTjxlLRPqAzlEyatqGZyZBkhDL0F9z4K25cKOLWnTv/xvQhqOiBCyfn3EvuPX7EqFSW9WEsLa+srq2nNtKbW9s7u+beflPyWGDSwJx0faRJIyGpKGoYqQdCYICn5GWP6pO/dYtEZLy8EaNI+IFaBDSPsVIalrZmvdxBUBvK5N4Dm8nD+qLJaKiMmJbVlac3mPq6ZsXKOk7ftItSkVDwrzIhTcgplaOesGTJgXrXfHd7HMcBCRVmSMqObUXKS5BQFDMySbuxJBHCIzQgHU1DFBDpJbOLJvBYKz3Y50JXqOBM/T6RoEDKceDrzgCpofztTcW/vE6s+mUvoWEUKxLi+Uf9mEHF4TQe2KOCYMXGmiAsqN4V4iESCOs8ZFqH8HUp/J808zn7NGdfFTKV2iKOFDgERyALbOCACrgAdAGNyB/AEno1749F4MV7nrUvGYuYA/IDx9gmNaZxJ</latexit>∆tSN = NSN/30Myr
<latexit sha1_base64="N/5QOoYiq3bNVfwlFslslMcLKHM=">ACFnicdVDLSgMxFM34rPVdekmWAQ3jO17dSFIOjCjUXRWqEtQyZN2DmQXJHKEO/wo2/4saFIm7FnX9jOq34QA8Ezj3nXm7u8SLBFVjWuzExOTU9M5uZy84vLC4t51ZWL1UYS8pqNBShvPKIYoIHrAYcBLuKJCO+J1jduz4c+vUbJhUPgwvoR6zlk27AO5wS0JKb24eMQEg5s0pY/PqwO8j6tfxQ7etXBanfTlwM3lLdNxCrZdwpqUS3vFlDhlp1jBtmlyKMxTt3cW7Md0thnAVBlGrYVgSthEjgVLBthkrFhF6TbqsoWlAfKZaSXrWAG9qpY07odQvAJyq3ycS4ivV9z3d6RPoqd/eUPzLa8TQqbQSHkQxsICOFnVigSHEw4xwm0tGQfQ1IVRy/VdMe0QSCjrJrA7h81L8P7ksmPauaZ8V8wfVcRwZtI420BaykYMO0DE6RTVE0S26R4/oybgzHoxn42XUOmGMZ9bQDxivH0/mnaY=</latexit>Drummond Fielding 21 March 2019
unstratified simulations
Drummond Fielding 21 March 2019
unstratified simulations
Two criteria for bubble breakout:
rbubble ≥ h
<latexit sha1_base64="deviPlWZfTMlzy1C4v6VuEXx3NI=">AB/nicjVDLSgMxFL1TX7W+RsWVm2ARXJUZEXRZcNlBfuAzjBk0kwbmSmSUYoQ8FfceNCEbd+hzv/xvSxUFHwQOBwzj03lxNnGnjeR9OaWV1bX2jvFnZ2t7Z3XP3D9o6zRWhLZLyVHVjrClnkrYM5x2M0WxiDntxKPrmd+5o0qzVN6aSUZDgQeSJYxgY6XIPVJRESiB4jy2kSkKBnSMhpFb9WveHOhvUoUlmpH7HvRTkgsqDeFY657vZSYsDKM2LWVINc0w2SEB7RnqcSC6rCYnz9Fp1bpoyRV9kmD5urXRIGF1hMR20mBzVD/9Gbib14vN8lVWDCZ5YZKsvgoyTkyKZp1gfpMUWL4xBJMFLO3IjLEChNjG6v8r4T2ec3av7NRbXeWNZRhmM4gTPw4RLq0IAmtIBAQ/wBM/OvfPovDivi9GSs8wcwjc4b5+9HpVX</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="deviPlWZfTMlzy1C4v6VuEXx3NI=">AB/nicjVDLSgMxFL1TX7W+RsWVm2ARXJUZEXRZcNlBfuAzjBk0kwbmSmSUYoQ8FfceNCEbd+hzv/xvSxUFHwQOBwzj03lxNnGnjeR9OaWV1bX2jvFnZ2t7Z3XP3D9o6zRWhLZLyVHVjrClnkrYM5x2M0WxiDntxKPrmd+5o0qzVN6aSUZDgQeSJYxgY6XIPVJRESiB4jy2kSkKBnSMhpFb9WveHOhvUoUlmpH7HvRTkgsqDeFY657vZSYsDKM2LWVINc0w2SEB7RnqcSC6rCYnz9Fp1bpoyRV9kmD5urXRIGF1hMR20mBzVD/9Gbib14vN8lVWDCZ5YZKsvgoyTkyKZp1gfpMUWL4xBJMFLO3IjLEChNjG6v8r4T2ec3av7NRbXeWNZRhmM4gTPw4RLq0IAmtIBAQ/wBM/OvfPovDivi9GSs8wcwjc4b5+9HpVX</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="deviPlWZfTMlzy1C4v6VuEXx3NI=">AB/nicjVDLSgMxFL1TX7W+RsWVm2ARXJUZEXRZcNlBfuAzjBk0kwbmSmSUYoQ8FfceNCEbd+hzv/xvSxUFHwQOBwzj03lxNnGnjeR9OaWV1bX2jvFnZ2t7Z3XP3D9o6zRWhLZLyVHVjrClnkrYM5x2M0WxiDntxKPrmd+5o0qzVN6aSUZDgQeSJYxgY6XIPVJRESiB4jy2kSkKBnSMhpFb9WveHOhvUoUlmpH7HvRTkgsqDeFY657vZSYsDKM2LWVINc0w2SEB7RnqcSC6rCYnz9Fp1bpoyRV9kmD5urXRIGF1hMR20mBzVD/9Gbib14vN8lVWDCZ5YZKsvgoyTkyKZp1gfpMUWL4xBJMFLO3IjLEChNjG6v8r4T2ec3av7NRbXeWNZRhmM4gTPw4RLq0IAmtIBAQ/wBM/OvfPovDivi9GSs8wcwjc4b5+9HpVX</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="deviPlWZfTMlzy1C4v6VuEXx3NI=">AB/nicjVDLSgMxFL1TX7W+RsWVm2ARXJUZEXRZcNlBfuAzjBk0kwbmSmSUYoQ8FfceNCEbd+hzv/xvSxUFHwQOBwzj03lxNnGnjeR9OaWV1bX2jvFnZ2t7Z3XP3D9o6zRWhLZLyVHVjrClnkrYM5x2M0WxiDntxKPrmd+5o0qzVN6aSUZDgQeSJYxgY6XIPVJRESiB4jy2kSkKBnSMhpFb9WveHOhvUoUlmpH7HvRTkgsqDeFY657vZSYsDKM2LWVINc0w2SEB7RnqcSC6rCYnz9Fp1bpoyRV9kmD5urXRIGF1hMR20mBzVD/9Gbib14vN8lVWDCZ5YZKsvgoyTkyKZp1gfpMUWL4xBJMFLO3IjLEChNjG6v8r4T2ec3av7NRbXeWNZRhmM4gTPw4RLq0IAmtIBAQ/wBM/OvfPovDivi9GSs8wcwjc4b5+9HpVX</latexit>vbubble > δv
<latexit sha1_base64="f/vMGkjHiN/f3O5Ukzc6Kae0VU=">ACAnicjVDLSgMxFM3UV62vUVfiJlgEV2VGBF1JwU2XFWwrtMOQyWTa0CQzJHcKZShu/BU3LhRx61e4829MHwsVBQ8EDufc5OcKBPcgOd9OKWl5ZXVtfJ6ZWNza3vH3d1rmzTXlLVoKlJ9GxHDBFesBRwEu80IzISrBMNr6Z+Z8S04am6gXHGAkn6iecErBS6B6MwqKnJY7yEYm+BL3YiaA4FHoVv2aNwP+m1TRAs3Qfe/FKc0lU0AFMabrexkEBdHAqV1d6eWGZYQOSZ91LVEMhMUsy9M8LFVYpyk2h4FeKZ+TREGjOWkZ2UBAbmpzcVf/O6OSQXQcFVlgNTdH5RkgsMKZ72gWOuGQUxtoRQze1bMR0QTSjY1ir/K6F9WvO9mn9Vq03FnWU0SE6QifIR+eojhqoiVqIojv0gJ7Qs3PvPDovzut8tOQsMvoG5y3T1Hvlrw=</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="f/vMGkjHiN/f3O5Ukzc6Kae0VU=">ACAnicjVDLSgMxFM3UV62vUVfiJlgEV2VGBF1JwU2XFWwrtMOQyWTa0CQzJHcKZShu/BU3LhRx61e4829MHwsVBQ8EDufc5OcKBPcgOd9OKWl5ZXVtfJ6ZWNza3vH3d1rmzTXlLVoKlJ9GxHDBFesBRwEu80IzISrBMNr6Z+Z8S04am6gXHGAkn6iecErBS6B6MwqKnJY7yEYm+BL3YiaA4FHoVv2aNwP+m1TRAs3Qfe/FKc0lU0AFMabrexkEBdHAqV1d6eWGZYQOSZ91LVEMhMUsy9M8LFVYpyk2h4FeKZ+TREGjOWkZ2UBAbmpzcVf/O6OSQXQcFVlgNTdH5RkgsMKZ72gWOuGQUxtoRQze1bMR0QTSjY1ir/K6F9WvO9mn9Vq03FnWU0SE6QifIR+eojhqoiVqIojv0gJ7Qs3PvPDovzut8tOQsMvoG5y3T1Hvlrw=</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="f/vMGkjHiN/f3O5Ukzc6Kae0VU=">ACAnicjVDLSgMxFM3UV62vUVfiJlgEV2VGBF1JwU2XFWwrtMOQyWTa0CQzJHcKZShu/BU3LhRx61e4829MHwsVBQ8EDufc5OcKBPcgOd9OKWl5ZXVtfJ6ZWNza3vH3d1rmzTXlLVoKlJ9GxHDBFesBRwEu80IzISrBMNr6Z+Z8S04am6gXHGAkn6iecErBS6B6MwqKnJY7yEYm+BL3YiaA4FHoVv2aNwP+m1TRAs3Qfe/FKc0lU0AFMabrexkEBdHAqV1d6eWGZYQOSZ91LVEMhMUsy9M8LFVYpyk2h4FeKZ+TREGjOWkZ2UBAbmpzcVf/O6OSQXQcFVlgNTdH5RkgsMKZ72gWOuGQUxtoRQze1bMR0QTSjY1ir/K6F9WvO9mn9Vq03FnWU0SE6QifIR+eojhqoiVqIojv0gJ7Qs3PvPDovzut8tOQsMvoG5y3T1Hvlrw=</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="f/vMGkjHiN/f3O5Ukzc6Kae0VU=">ACAnicjVDLSgMxFM3UV62vUVfiJlgEV2VGBF1JwU2XFWwrtMOQyWTa0CQzJHcKZShu/BU3LhRx61e4829MHwsVBQ8EDufc5OcKBPcgOd9OKWl5ZXVtfJ6ZWNza3vH3d1rmzTXlLVoKlJ9GxHDBFesBRwEu80IzISrBMNr6Z+Z8S04am6gXHGAkn6iecErBS6B6MwqKnJY7yEYm+BL3YiaA4FHoVv2aNwP+m1TRAs3Qfe/FKc0lU0AFMabrexkEBdHAqV1d6eWGZYQOSZ91LVEMhMUsy9M8LFVYpyk2h4FeKZ+TREGjOWkZ2UBAbmpzcVf/O6OSQXQcFVlgNTdH5RkgsMKZ72gWOuGQUxtoRQze1bMR0QTSjY1ir/K6F9WvO9mn9Vq03FnWU0SE6QifIR+eojhqoiVqIojv0gJ7Qs3PvPDovzut8tOQsMvoG5y3T1Hvlrw=</latexit>t = tSN
<latexit sha1_base64="+Qwhdg+KDqKqymI7wO41atq7IY=">AB9XicjVDLSgNBEOz1GeMr6tHLYBA8hV0R9CIEvOQkEc0DkjXMTibJkJnZaZXCUv+w4sHRbz6L978GyePg4qCBQ1FVTdVJRIYdH3P7yFxaXldXcWn59Y3Nru7CzW7dxahivsVjGphlRy6XQvIYCJW8mhlMVSd6IhcTv3HjRWxvsFRwkNF+1r0BKPopFsk5wQ7Wdsocn057hSKQcmfgvxNijBHtVN4b3djliqukUlqbSvwEwzalAwycf5dmp5QtmQ9nLU0Vt2E2T0mh07pkl5s3GgkU/XrRUaVtSMVuU1FcWB/ehPxN6+VYu8szIROUuSazR71UkwJpMKSFcYzlCOHKHMCJeVsAE1lKErKv+/EurHpcAvBVcnxXJlXkcO9uEAjiCAUyhDBapQAwYGHuAJnr179F78V5nqwve/GYPvsF7+wRbOZH</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="+Qwhdg+KDqKqymI7wO41atq7IY=">AB9XicjVDLSgNBEOz1GeMr6tHLYBA8hV0R9CIEvOQkEc0DkjXMTibJkJnZaZXCUv+w4sHRbz6L978GyePg4qCBQ1FVTdVJRIYdH3P7yFxaXldXcWn59Y3Nru7CzW7dxahivsVjGphlRy6XQvIYCJW8mhlMVSd6IhcTv3HjRWxvsFRwkNF+1r0BKPopFsk5wQ7Wdsocn057hSKQcmfgvxNijBHtVN4b3djliqukUlqbSvwEwzalAwycf5dmp5QtmQ9nLU0Vt2E2T0mh07pkl5s3GgkU/XrRUaVtSMVuU1FcWB/ehPxN6+VYu8szIROUuSazR71UkwJpMKSFcYzlCOHKHMCJeVsAE1lKErKv+/EurHpcAvBVcnxXJlXkcO9uEAjiCAUyhDBapQAwYGHuAJnr179F78V5nqwve/GYPvsF7+wRbOZH</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="+Qwhdg+KDqKqymI7wO41atq7IY=">AB9XicjVDLSgNBEOz1GeMr6tHLYBA8hV0R9CIEvOQkEc0DkjXMTibJkJnZaZXCUv+w4sHRbz6L978GyePg4qCBQ1FVTdVJRIYdH3P7yFxaXldXcWn59Y3Nru7CzW7dxahivsVjGphlRy6XQvIYCJW8mhlMVSd6IhcTv3HjRWxvsFRwkNF+1r0BKPopFsk5wQ7Wdsocn057hSKQcmfgvxNijBHtVN4b3djliqukUlqbSvwEwzalAwycf5dmp5QtmQ9nLU0Vt2E2T0mh07pkl5s3GgkU/XrRUaVtSMVuU1FcWB/ehPxN6+VYu8szIROUuSazR71UkwJpMKSFcYzlCOHKHMCJeVsAE1lKErKv+/EurHpcAvBVcnxXJlXkcO9uEAjiCAUyhDBapQAwYGHuAJnr179F78V5nqwve/GYPvsF7+wRbOZH</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="+Qwhdg+KDqKqymI7wO41atq7IY=">AB9XicjVDLSgNBEOz1GeMr6tHLYBA8hV0R9CIEvOQkEc0DkjXMTibJkJnZaZXCUv+w4sHRbz6L978GyePg4qCBQ1FVTdVJRIYdH3P7yFxaXldXcWn59Y3Nru7CzW7dxahivsVjGphlRy6XQvIYCJW8mhlMVSd6IhcTv3HjRWxvsFRwkNF+1r0BKPopFsk5wQ7Wdsocn057hSKQcmfgvxNijBHtVN4b3djliqukUlqbSvwEwzalAwycf5dmp5QtmQ9nLU0Vt2E2T0mh07pkl5s3GgkU/XrRUaVtSMVuU1FcWB/ehPxN6+VYu8szIROUuSazR71UkwJpMKSFcYzlCOHKHMCJeVsAE1lKErKv+/EurHpcAvBVcnxXJlXkcO9uEAjiCAUyhDBapQAwYGHuAJnr179F78V5nqwve/GYPvsF7+wRbOZH</latexit>rbubble = h
<latexit sha1_base64="p6zgyBqyuAgWABnA+OlELVi8fU=">AB+3icjVDLSgMxFL1TX7W+xrp0EyCqzIjgm6EgpsuK9hWaIchk2ba0CQz5CGWob/ixoUibv0Rd/6N6WOhouCBwOGce24uJ8k50yYIPrzSyura+kZ5s7K1vbO75+9XOzqzitA2yXimbhOsKWeStg0znN7mimKRcNpNxlczv3tHlWaZvDGTnEYCDyVLGcHGSbFfVXHRVwIlNnGRKbpEo9ivhfVgDvQ3qcESrdh/7w8yYgWVhnCsdS8MchMVWBlG3M5K32qaYzLGQ9pzVGJBdVTMb5+iY6cMUJop96RBc/VrosBC64lI3KTAZqR/ejPxN69nTXoRFUzm1lBJFh+liOToVkRaMAUJYZPHMFEMXcrIiOsMDGursr/Suic1sOgHl6f1RrNZR1lOIQjOIEQzqEBTWhBGwjcwM8wbM39R69F+91MVrylpkD+Abv7RMoDJPd</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="p6zgyBqyuAgWABnA+OlELVi8fU=">AB+3icjVDLSgMxFL1TX7W+xrp0EyCqzIjgm6EgpsuK9hWaIchk2ba0CQz5CGWob/ixoUibv0Rd/6N6WOhouCBwOGce24uJ8k50yYIPrzSyura+kZ5s7K1vbO75+9XOzqzitA2yXimbhOsKWeStg0znN7mimKRcNpNxlczv3tHlWaZvDGTnEYCDyVLGcHGSbFfVXHRVwIlNnGRKbpEo9ivhfVgDvQ3qcESrdh/7w8yYgWVhnCsdS8MchMVWBlG3M5K32qaYzLGQ9pzVGJBdVTMb5+iY6cMUJop96RBc/VrosBC64lI3KTAZqR/ejPxN69nTXoRFUzm1lBJFh+liOToVkRaMAUJYZPHMFEMXcrIiOsMDGursr/Suic1sOgHl6f1RrNZR1lOIQjOIEQzqEBTWhBGwjcwM8wbM39R69F+91MVrylpkD+Abv7RMoDJPd</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="p6zgyBqyuAgWABnA+OlELVi8fU=">AB+3icjVDLSgMxFL1TX7W+xrp0EyCqzIjgm6EgpsuK9hWaIchk2ba0CQz5CGWob/ixoUibv0Rd/6N6WOhouCBwOGce24uJ8k50yYIPrzSyura+kZ5s7K1vbO75+9XOzqzitA2yXimbhOsKWeStg0znN7mimKRcNpNxlczv3tHlWaZvDGTnEYCDyVLGcHGSbFfVXHRVwIlNnGRKbpEo9ivhfVgDvQ3qcESrdh/7w8yYgWVhnCsdS8MchMVWBlG3M5K32qaYzLGQ9pzVGJBdVTMb5+iY6cMUJop96RBc/VrosBC64lI3KTAZqR/ejPxN69nTXoRFUzm1lBJFh+liOToVkRaMAUJYZPHMFEMXcrIiOsMDGursr/Suic1sOgHl6f1RrNZR1lOIQjOIEQzqEBTWhBGwjcwM8wbM39R69F+91MVrylpkD+Abv7RMoDJPd</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="p6zgyBqyuAgWABnA+OlELVi8fU=">AB+3icjVDLSgMxFL1TX7W+xrp0EyCqzIjgm6EgpsuK9hWaIchk2ba0CQz5CGWob/ixoUibv0Rd/6N6WOhouCBwOGce24uJ8k50yYIPrzSyura+kZ5s7K1vbO75+9XOzqzitA2yXimbhOsKWeStg0znN7mimKRcNpNxlczv3tHlWaZvDGTnEYCDyVLGcHGSbFfVXHRVwIlNnGRKbpEo9ivhfVgDvQ3qcESrdh/7w8yYgWVhnCsdS8MchMVWBlG3M5K32qaYzLGQ9pzVGJBdVTMb5+iY6cMUJop96RBc/VrosBC64lI3KTAZqR/ejPxN69nTXoRFUzm1lBJFh+liOToVkRaMAUJYZPHMFEMXcrIiOsMDGursr/Suic1sOgHl6f1RrNZR1lOIQjOIEQzqEBTWhBGwjcwM8wbM39R69F+91MVrylpkD+Abv7RMoDJPd</latexit>✏?,crit = 0.015 ✓nmedian/nmidplane 0.25 ◆ ✓ v 10 km/s ◆2 ✓ h 100 pc ◆1 ✓ PSN 105 M km/s ◆1
<latexit sha1_base64="WNBjxshB7Oyw9DPORaZR32edTA=">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</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="WNBjxshB7Oyw9DPORaZR32edTA=">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</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="WNBjxshB7Oyw9DPORaZR32edTA=">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</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="WNBjxshB7Oyw9DPORaZR32edTA=">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</latexit>Critical SF efficiency (or cluster mass
breakout stall breakout stall
Super bubble radius [pc]
<latexit sha1_base64="z5+hsfhl7bTMZU/InCMGYQ1i7Q=">ACEnicbZDLSsNAFIYn9VbrLerSzWARFKQkIuiy6MZlRXuBJTJZNIOnUnCXIQS+gxufBU3LhRx68qdb+OkzUJbfxj4+M85nDl/mDEqleN8W5Wl5ZXVtep6bWNza3vH3t3ryFQLTNo4ZanohUgSRhPSVlQx0sEQTxkpBuOrot694EISdPkXo0zEnA0SGhMVLG6tsnuS84vNMZEdA/haEOzaQhwJFVMvC9TIcTPp23Wk4U8FcEuog1Ktv3lRynWnCQKMySl5zqZCnIkFMWMTGq+liRDeIQGxDOYIE5kE9PmsAj40QwToV5iYJT9/dEjriUYx6aTo7UM7XCvO/mqdVfBnkNMm0IgmeLYo1gyqFRT4woJgxcYGEBbU/BXiIRIK5NizYTgzp+8CJ2zhus03NvzevOqjKMKDsAhOAYuABNcANaoA0weATP4BW8WU/Wi/VufcxaK1Y5sw/+yPr8AW2nAY=</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="z5+hsfhl7bTMZU/InCMGYQ1i7Q=">ACEnicbZDLSsNAFIYn9VbrLerSzWARFKQkIuiy6MZlRXuBJTJZNIOnUnCXIQS+gxufBU3LhRx68qdb+OkzUJbfxj4+M85nDl/mDEqleN8W5Wl5ZXVtep6bWNza3vH3t3ryFQLTNo4ZanohUgSRhPSVlQx0sEQTxkpBuOrot694EISdPkXo0zEnA0SGhMVLG6tsnuS84vNMZEdA/haEOzaQhwJFVMvC9TIcTPp23Wk4U8FcEuog1Ktv3lRynWnCQKMySl5zqZCnIkFMWMTGq+liRDeIQGxDOYIE5kE9PmsAj40QwToV5iYJT9/dEjriUYx6aTo7UM7XCvO/mqdVfBnkNMm0IgmeLYo1gyqFRT4woJgxcYGEBbU/BXiIRIK5NizYTgzp+8CJ2zhus03NvzevOqjKMKDsAhOAYuABNcANaoA0weATP4BW8WU/Wi/VufcxaK1Y5sw/+yPr8AW2nAY=</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="z5+hsfhl7bTMZU/InCMGYQ1i7Q=">ACEnicbZDLSsNAFIYn9VbrLerSzWARFKQkIuiy6MZlRXuBJTJZNIOnUnCXIQS+gxufBU3LhRx68qdb+OkzUJbfxj4+M85nDl/mDEqleN8W5Wl5ZXVtep6bWNza3vH3t3ryFQLTNo4ZanohUgSRhPSVlQx0sEQTxkpBuOrot694EISdPkXo0zEnA0SGhMVLG6tsnuS84vNMZEdA/haEOzaQhwJFVMvC9TIcTPp23Wk4U8FcEuog1Ktv3lRynWnCQKMySl5zqZCnIkFMWMTGq+liRDeIQGxDOYIE5kE9PmsAj40QwToV5iYJT9/dEjriUYx6aTo7UM7XCvO/mqdVfBnkNMm0IgmeLYo1gyqFRT4woJgxcYGEBbU/BXiIRIK5NizYTgzp+8CJ2zhus03NvzevOqjKMKDsAhOAYuABNcANaoA0weATP4BW8WU/Wi/VufcxaK1Y5sw/+yPr8AW2nAY=</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="z5+hsfhl7bTMZU/InCMGYQ1i7Q=">ACEnicbZDLSsNAFIYn9VbrLerSzWARFKQkIuiy6MZlRXuBJTJZNIOnUnCXIQS+gxufBU3LhRx68qdb+OkzUJbfxj4+M85nDl/mDEqleN8W5Wl5ZXVtep6bWNza3vH3t3ryFQLTNo4ZanohUgSRhPSVlQx0sEQTxkpBuOrot694EISdPkXo0zEnA0SGhMVLG6tsnuS84vNMZEdA/haEOzaQhwJFVMvC9TIcTPp23Wk4U8FcEuog1Ktv3lRynWnCQKMySl5zqZCnIkFMWMTGq+liRDeIQGxDOYIE5kE9PmsAj40QwToV5iYJT9/dEjriUYx6aTo7UM7XCvO/mqdVfBnkNMm0IgmeLYo1gyqFRT4woJgxcYGEBbU/BXiIRIK5NizYTgzp+8CJ2zhus03NvzevOqjKMKDsAhOAYuABNcANaoA0weATP4BW8WU/Wi/VufcxaK1Y5sw/+yPr8AW2nAY=</latexit>Σgas = 30 M/pc2
<latexit sha1_base64="t/Dja3GDi8Q8p9YuNGaYjF/gZMk=">ACH3icjVDLSsNAFJ34rPUVdelmsAgupCZV1I1QdONGqGgf0MQwmUzaoTOZMDMRSsifuPFX3LhQRNz1b0zTLlQUPHDhcM693HuPHzOqtGWNjJnZufmFxdJSeXldW3d3NhsKZFITJpYMCE7PlKE0Yg0NdWMdGJEPcZafuDi7HfvidSURHd6mFMXI56EQ0pRjqXPYuaE9jrzUkRz2kMrgGTy0oLMPC+Uq8xwRCA0PoMOR7kuexji7q3lmxa5aBeDfpAKmaHjmhxMInHASacyQUl3birWbIqkpZiQrO4kiMcID1CPdnEaIE+WmxX8Z3M2VAIZC5hVpWKhfJ1LElRpyP+8cH6l+emPxN6+b6PDUTWkUJ5pEeLIoTBjUAo7DgGVBGs2zAnCkua3QtxHEmGdR1r+XwitWtW2qvb1UaV+Po2jBLbBDtgDNjgBdXAJGqAJMHgAT+AFvBqPxrPxZrxPWmeM6cwW+AZj9AmFXqFs</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="t/Dja3GDi8Q8p9YuNGaYjF/gZMk=">ACH3icjVDLSsNAFJ34rPUVdelmsAgupCZV1I1QdONGqGgf0MQwmUzaoTOZMDMRSsifuPFX3LhQRNz1b0zTLlQUPHDhcM693HuPHzOqtGWNjJnZufmFxdJSeXldW3d3NhsKZFITJpYMCE7PlKE0Yg0NdWMdGJEPcZafuDi7HfvidSURHd6mFMXI56EQ0pRjqXPYuaE9jrzUkRz2kMrgGTy0oLMPC+Uq8xwRCA0PoMOR7kuexji7q3lmxa5aBeDfpAKmaHjmhxMInHASacyQUl3birWbIqkpZiQrO4kiMcID1CPdnEaIE+WmxX8Z3M2VAIZC5hVpWKhfJ1LElRpyP+8cH6l+emPxN6+b6PDUTWkUJ5pEeLIoTBjUAo7DgGVBGs2zAnCkua3QtxHEmGdR1r+XwitWtW2qvb1UaV+Po2jBLbBDtgDNjgBdXAJGqAJMHgAT+AFvBqPxrPxZrxPWmeM6cwW+AZj9AmFXqFs</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="t/Dja3GDi8Q8p9YuNGaYjF/gZMk=">ACH3icjVDLSsNAFJ34rPUVdelmsAgupCZV1I1QdONGqGgf0MQwmUzaoTOZMDMRSsifuPFX3LhQRNz1b0zTLlQUPHDhcM693HuPHzOqtGWNjJnZufmFxdJSeXldW3d3NhsKZFITJpYMCE7PlKE0Yg0NdWMdGJEPcZafuDi7HfvidSURHd6mFMXI56EQ0pRjqXPYuaE9jrzUkRz2kMrgGTy0oLMPC+Uq8xwRCA0PoMOR7kuexji7q3lmxa5aBeDfpAKmaHjmhxMInHASacyQUl3birWbIqkpZiQrO4kiMcID1CPdnEaIE+WmxX8Z3M2VAIZC5hVpWKhfJ1LElRpyP+8cH6l+emPxN6+b6PDUTWkUJ5pEeLIoTBjUAo7DgGVBGs2zAnCkua3QtxHEmGdR1r+XwitWtW2qvb1UaV+Po2jBLbBDtgDNjgBdXAJGqAJMHgAT+AFvBqPxrPxZrxPWmeM6cwW+AZj9AmFXqFs</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="t/Dja3GDi8Q8p9YuNGaYjF/gZMk=">ACH3icjVDLSsNAFJ34rPUVdelmsAgupCZV1I1QdONGqGgf0MQwmUzaoTOZMDMRSsifuPFX3LhQRNz1b0zTLlQUPHDhcM693HuPHzOqtGWNjJnZufmFxdJSeXldW3d3NhsKZFITJpYMCE7PlKE0Yg0NdWMdGJEPcZafuDi7HfvidSURHd6mFMXI56EQ0pRjqXPYuaE9jrzUkRz2kMrgGTy0oLMPC+Uq8xwRCA0PoMOR7kuexji7q3lmxa5aBeDfpAKmaHjmhxMInHASacyQUl3birWbIqkpZiQrO4kiMcID1CPdnEaIE+WmxX8Z3M2VAIZC5hVpWKhfJ1LElRpyP+8cH6l+emPxN6+b6PDUTWkUJ5pEeLIoTBjUAo7DgGVBGs2zAnCkua3QtxHEmGdR1r+XwitWtW2qvb1UaV+Po2jBLbBDtgDNjgBdXAJGqAJMHgAT+AFvBqPxrPxZrxPWmeM6cwW+AZj9AmFXqFs</latexit>δv = 10 km/s
<latexit sha1_base64="nXCPEXdmLQ1RKmhw39R7am8gPs=">ACB3icjVBNS8NAEJ3Ur1q/oh4FWSyCB6mJCHoRil48VrCt0ISy2WzapbtJ2N0USujNi3/FiwdFvPoXvPlv3LQ9qCj4YODx3gwz84KUM6Ud58Mqzc0vLC6Vlysrq2vrG/bmVkslmS0SRKeyNsAK8pZTJuaU5vU0mxCDhtB4PLwm8PqVQsiW/0KW+wL2YRYxgbaSuveuFlGuMhugcuQ7yDpEnsO5LkQ/EkRp37apbcyZAf5MqzNDo2u9emJBM0FgTjpXquE6q/RxLzQin4qXKZpiMsA92jE0xoIqP5/8MUb7RglRlEhTsUYT9etEjoVSIxGYzuJI9dMrxN+8TqajMz9ncZpGpPpoijSCeoCAWFTFKi+cgQTCQztyLSxITbaKr/C+E1nHNdWru9Um1fjGLow7sAcH4MIp1OEKGtAEAnfwAE/wbN1bj9aL9TptLVmzmW34BuvtE4YFl9M=</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="nXCPEXdmLQ1RKmhw39R7am8gPs=">ACB3icjVBNS8NAEJ3Ur1q/oh4FWSyCB6mJCHoRil48VrCt0ISy2WzapbtJ2N0USujNi3/FiwdFvPoXvPlv3LQ9qCj4YODx3gwz84KUM6Ud58Mqzc0vLC6Vlysrq2vrG/bmVkslmS0SRKeyNsAK8pZTJuaU5vU0mxCDhtB4PLwm8PqVQsiW/0KW+wL2YRYxgbaSuveuFlGuMhugcuQ7yDpEnsO5LkQ/EkRp37apbcyZAf5MqzNDo2u9emJBM0FgTjpXquE6q/RxLzQin4qXKZpiMsA92jE0xoIqP5/8MUb7RglRlEhTsUYT9etEjoVSIxGYzuJI9dMrxN+8TqajMz9ncZpGpPpoijSCeoCAWFTFKi+cgQTCQztyLSxITbaKr/C+E1nHNdWru9Um1fjGLow7sAcH4MIp1OEKGtAEAnfwAE/wbN1bj9aL9TptLVmzmW34BuvtE4YFl9M=</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="nXCPEXdmLQ1RKmhw39R7am8gPs=">ACB3icjVBNS8NAEJ3Ur1q/oh4FWSyCB6mJCHoRil48VrCt0ISy2WzapbtJ2N0USujNi3/FiwdFvPoXvPlv3LQ9qCj4YODx3gwz84KUM6Ud58Mqzc0vLC6Vlysrq2vrG/bmVkslmS0SRKeyNsAK8pZTJuaU5vU0mxCDhtB4PLwm8PqVQsiW/0KW+wL2YRYxgbaSuveuFlGuMhugcuQ7yDpEnsO5LkQ/EkRp37apbcyZAf5MqzNDo2u9emJBM0FgTjpXquE6q/RxLzQin4qXKZpiMsA92jE0xoIqP5/8MUb7RglRlEhTsUYT9etEjoVSIxGYzuJI9dMrxN+8TqajMz9ncZpGpPpoijSCeoCAWFTFKi+cgQTCQztyLSxITbaKr/C+E1nHNdWru9Um1fjGLow7sAcH4MIp1OEKGtAEAnfwAE/wbN1bj9aL9TptLVmzmW34BuvtE4YFl9M=</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="nXCPEXdmLQ1RKmhw39R7am8gPs=">ACB3icjVBNS8NAEJ3Ur1q/oh4FWSyCB6mJCHoRil48VrCt0ISy2WzapbtJ2N0USujNi3/FiwdFvPoXvPlv3LQ9qCj4YODx3gwz84KUM6Ud58Mqzc0vLC6Vlysrq2vrG/bmVkslmS0SRKeyNsAK8pZTJuaU5vU0mxCDhtB4PLwm8PqVQsiW/0KW+wL2YRYxgbaSuveuFlGuMhugcuQ7yDpEnsO5LkQ/EkRp37apbcyZAf5MqzNDo2u9emJBM0FgTjpXquE6q/RxLzQin4qXKZpiMsA92jE0xoIqP5/8MUb7RglRlEhTsUYT9etEjoVSIxGYzuJI9dMrxN+8TqajMz9ncZpGpPpoijSCeoCAWFTFKi+cgQTCQztyLSxITbaKr/C+E1nHNdWru9Um1fjGLow7sAcH4MIp1OEKGtAEAnfwAE/wbN1bj9aL9TptLVmzmW34BuvtE4YFl9M=</latexit>Mcl = 104.5 M
<latexit sha1_base64="70NMfC0XiylQMyWU6yFiBiaBg8=">ACFXicjVDLSsNAFJ3UV62vqEs3g0VwUIiFd0IRTduhAr2AU0Mk8m0HTrJhJmJUEJ+wo2/4saFIm4Fd/6N07SCioIHhjmcy/3hMkjEpl2+9GaW5+YXGpvFxZWV1b3zA3t9qSpwKTFuaMi26AJGE0Ji1FSPdRBAUBYx0gtHZxO/cECEpj6/UOCFehAYx7VOMlJZ8s5a5IoIXuV/8mOXwBDr2dVa3DnPo1uCn7fKQK9+sOpZdAP5NqmCGpm+uSHaURihRmSsufYifIyJBTFjOQVN5UkQXiEBqSnaYwiIr2suCqHe1oJYZ8L/WIFC/VrR4YiKcdRoCsjpIbypzcRf/N6qeofexmNk1SRGE8H9VMGFYeTiGBIBcGKjTVBWFC9K8RDJBWOsjK/0JoH1iObTmX9WrjdBZHGeyAXbAPHAEGuAcNELYHAL7sEjeDLujAfj2XiZlpaMWc82+Abj9QOLtJ0r</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="70NMfC0XiylQMyWU6yFiBiaBg8=">ACFXicjVDLSsNAFJ3UV62vqEs3g0VwUIiFd0IRTduhAr2AU0Mk8m0HTrJhJmJUEJ+wo2/4saFIm4Fd/6N07SCioIHhjmcy/3hMkjEpl2+9GaW5+YXGpvFxZWV1b3zA3t9qSpwKTFuaMi26AJGE0Ji1FSPdRBAUBYx0gtHZxO/cECEpj6/UOCFehAYx7VOMlJZ8s5a5IoIXuV/8mOXwBDr2dVa3DnPo1uCn7fKQK9+sOpZdAP5NqmCGpm+uSHaURihRmSsufYifIyJBTFjOQVN5UkQXiEBqSnaYwiIr2suCqHe1oJYZ8L/WIFC/VrR4YiKcdRoCsjpIbypzcRf/N6qeofexmNk1SRGE8H9VMGFYeTiGBIBcGKjTVBWFC9K8RDJBWOsjK/0JoH1iObTmX9WrjdBZHGeyAXbAPHAEGuAcNELYHAL7sEjeDLujAfj2XiZlpaMWc82+Abj9QOLtJ0r</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="70NMfC0XiylQMyWU6yFiBiaBg8=">ACFXicjVDLSsNAFJ3UV62vqEs3g0VwUIiFd0IRTduhAr2AU0Mk8m0HTrJhJmJUEJ+wo2/4saFIm4Fd/6N07SCioIHhjmcy/3hMkjEpl2+9GaW5+YXGpvFxZWV1b3zA3t9qSpwKTFuaMi26AJGE0Ji1FSPdRBAUBYx0gtHZxO/cECEpj6/UOCFehAYx7VOMlJZ8s5a5IoIXuV/8mOXwBDr2dVa3DnPo1uCn7fKQK9+sOpZdAP5NqmCGpm+uSHaURihRmSsufYifIyJBTFjOQVN5UkQXiEBqSnaYwiIr2suCqHe1oJYZ8L/WIFC/VrR4YiKcdRoCsjpIbypzcRf/N6qeofexmNk1SRGE8H9VMGFYeTiGBIBcGKjTVBWFC9K8RDJBWOsjK/0JoH1iObTmX9WrjdBZHGeyAXbAPHAEGuAcNELYHAL7sEjeDLujAfj2XiZlpaMWc82+Abj9QOLtJ0r</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="70NMfC0XiylQMyWU6yFiBiaBg8=">ACFXicjVDLSsNAFJ3UV62vqEs3g0VwUIiFd0IRTduhAr2AU0Mk8m0HTrJhJmJUEJ+wo2/4saFIm4Fd/6N07SCioIHhjmcy/3hMkjEpl2+9GaW5+YXGpvFxZWV1b3zA3t9qSpwKTFuaMi26AJGE0Ji1FSPdRBAUBYx0gtHZxO/cECEpj6/UOCFehAYx7VOMlJZ8s5a5IoIXuV/8mOXwBDr2dVa3DnPo1uCn7fKQK9+sOpZdAP5NqmCGpm+uSHaURihRmSsufYifIyJBTFjOQVN5UkQXiEBqSnaYwiIr2suCqHe1oJYZ8L/WIFC/VrR4YiKcdRoCsjpIbypzcRf/N6qeofexmNk1SRGE8H9VMGFYeTiGBIBcGKjTVBWFC9K8RDJBWOsjK/0JoH1iObTmX9WrjdBZHGeyAXbAPHAEGuAcNELYHAL7sEjeDLujAfj2XiZlpaMWc82+Abj9QOLtJ0r</latexit>✏? = 0.03
<latexit sha1_base64="Zsv5PBtbo+NlmRTq3UrmUACoPUc=">ACAHicjVDJSgNBEK2JW4zbqAcPXhqD4CnMqKAXIejFYwSzQGYIPZ2apEnPQnePEIa5+CtePCji1c/w5t/YWQ4qCj4oeLxXRVW9IBVcacf5sEoLi0vLK+XVytr6xuaWvb3TUkmGTZIhLZCahCwWNsaq4FdlKJNAoEtoPR1cRv36FUPIlv9ThFP6KDmIecUW2knr3nYaq4MDT3lKayIBfEqTknPbvq1pwpyN+kCnM0eva7109YFmGsmaBKdV0n1X5OpeZMYFHxMoUpZSM6wK6hMY1Q+fn0gYIcGqVPwkSaijWZql8nchopNY4C0xlRPVQ/vYn4m9fNdHju5zxOM40xmy0KM0F0QiZpkD6XyLQYG0KZ5OZWwoZUqZNZpX/hdA6rlOzb05rdYv53GUYR8O4AhcOIM6XEMDmsCgAd4gmfr3nq0XqzXWvJms/swjdYb59h2pWV</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="Zsv5PBtbo+NlmRTq3UrmUACoPUc=">ACAHicjVDJSgNBEK2JW4zbqAcPXhqD4CnMqKAXIejFYwSzQGYIPZ2apEnPQnePEIa5+CtePCji1c/w5t/YWQ4qCj4oeLxXRVW9IBVcacf5sEoLi0vLK+XVytr6xuaWvb3TUkmGTZIhLZCahCwWNsaq4FdlKJNAoEtoPR1cRv36FUPIlv9ThFP6KDmIecUW2knr3nYaq4MDT3lKayIBfEqTknPbvq1pwpyN+kCnM0eva7109YFmGsmaBKdV0n1X5OpeZMYFHxMoUpZSM6wK6hMY1Q+fn0gYIcGqVPwkSaijWZql8nchopNY4C0xlRPVQ/vYn4m9fNdHju5zxOM40xmy0KM0F0QiZpkD6XyLQYG0KZ5OZWwoZUqZNZpX/hdA6rlOzb05rdYv53GUYR8O4AhcOIM6XEMDmsCgAd4gmfr3nq0XqzXWvJms/swjdYb59h2pWV</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="Zsv5PBtbo+NlmRTq3UrmUACoPUc=">ACAHicjVDJSgNBEK2JW4zbqAcPXhqD4CnMqKAXIejFYwSzQGYIPZ2apEnPQnePEIa5+CtePCji1c/w5t/YWQ4qCj4oeLxXRVW9IBVcacf5sEoLi0vLK+XVytr6xuaWvb3TUkmGTZIhLZCahCwWNsaq4FdlKJNAoEtoPR1cRv36FUPIlv9ThFP6KDmIecUW2knr3nYaq4MDT3lKayIBfEqTknPbvq1pwpyN+kCnM0eva7109YFmGsmaBKdV0n1X5OpeZMYFHxMoUpZSM6wK6hMY1Q+fn0gYIcGqVPwkSaijWZql8nchopNY4C0xlRPVQ/vYn4m9fNdHju5zxOM40xmy0KM0F0QiZpkD6XyLQYG0KZ5OZWwoZUqZNZpX/hdA6rlOzb05rdYv53GUYR8O4AhcOIM6XEMDmsCgAd4gmfr3nq0XqzXWvJms/swjdYb59h2pWV</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="Zsv5PBtbo+NlmRTq3UrmUACoPUc=">ACAHicjVDJSgNBEK2JW4zbqAcPXhqD4CnMqKAXIejFYwSzQGYIPZ2apEnPQnePEIa5+CtePCji1c/w5t/YWQ4qCj4oeLxXRVW9IBVcacf5sEoLi0vLK+XVytr6xuaWvb3TUkmGTZIhLZCahCwWNsaq4FdlKJNAoEtoPR1cRv36FUPIlv9ThFP6KDmIecUW2knr3nYaq4MDT3lKayIBfEqTknPbvq1pwpyN+kCnM0eva7109YFmGsmaBKdV0n1X5OpeZMYFHxMoUpZSM6wK6hMY1Q+fn0gYIcGqVPwkSaijWZql8nchopNY4C0xlRPVQ/vYn4m9fNdHju5zxOM40xmy0KM0F0QiZpkD6XyLQYG0KZ5OZWwoZUqZNZpX/hdA6rlOzb05rdYv53GUYR8O4AhcOIM6XEMDmsCgAd4gmfr3nq0XqzXWvJms/swjdYb59h2pWV</latexit>∆tSN = 0.1 Myr
<latexit sha1_base64="9ZJU86mJfKrM+LVb0oy/g/NBlmw=">ACEHicjVDLSsNAFJ34rPUVdelmsIgupCQi6EYo6sKNUtE+oAlMp2Q2eSMHMjhJBPcOvuHGhiFuX7vwbp4+FioIHLhzOuZd7wliwTU4zoc1NT0zOzdfWCguLi2vrNpr63UdJYqyGo1EpJoB0UzwkNWAg2DNWDEiA8EaweB06DdumdI8Cm8gjZkvS/kXU4JGKlt73hnTADB0M48JfH1ZY6PsVN2sbeHPUmgr2R2kaq8bZfcsjMC/puU0ATVtv3udSKaSBYCFUTrluvE4GdEAaeC5Uv0SwmdEB6rGVoSCTfjZ6KMfbRungbqRMhYBH6teJjEitUxmYzuGN+qc3FH/zWgl0j/yMh3ECLKTjRd1EYIjwMB3c4YpREKkhCpubsW0TxShYDIs/i+E+n7ZNQleHZQqJ5M4CmgTbaFd5KJDVEHnqIpqiKI79ICe0LN1bz1aL9bruHXKmsxsoG+w3j4B9qbSg=</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="9ZJU86mJfKrM+LVb0oy/g/NBlmw=">ACEHicjVDLSsNAFJ34rPUVdelmsIgupCQi6EYo6sKNUtE+oAlMp2Q2eSMHMjhJBPcOvuHGhiFuX7vwbp4+FioIHLhzOuZd7wliwTU4zoc1NT0zOzdfWCguLi2vrNpr63UdJYqyGo1EpJoB0UzwkNWAg2DNWDEiA8EaweB06DdumdI8Cm8gjZkvS/kXU4JGKlt73hnTADB0M48JfH1ZY6PsVN2sbeHPUmgr2R2kaq8bZfcsjMC/puU0ATVtv3udSKaSBYCFUTrluvE4GdEAaeC5Uv0SwmdEB6rGVoSCTfjZ6KMfbRungbqRMhYBH6teJjEitUxmYzuGN+qc3FH/zWgl0j/yMh3ECLKTjRd1EYIjwMB3c4YpREKkhCpubsW0TxShYDIs/i+E+n7ZNQleHZQqJ5M4CmgTbaFd5KJDVEHnqIpqiKI79ICe0LN1bz1aL9bruHXKmsxsoG+w3j4B9qbSg=</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="9ZJU86mJfKrM+LVb0oy/g/NBlmw=">ACEHicjVDLSsNAFJ34rPUVdelmsIgupCQi6EYo6sKNUtE+oAlMp2Q2eSMHMjhJBPcOvuHGhiFuX7vwbp4+FioIHLhzOuZd7wliwTU4zoc1NT0zOzdfWCguLi2vrNpr63UdJYqyGo1EpJoB0UzwkNWAg2DNWDEiA8EaweB06DdumdI8Cm8gjZkvS/kXU4JGKlt73hnTADB0M48JfH1ZY6PsVN2sbeHPUmgr2R2kaq8bZfcsjMC/puU0ATVtv3udSKaSBYCFUTrluvE4GdEAaeC5Uv0SwmdEB6rGVoSCTfjZ6KMfbRungbqRMhYBH6teJjEitUxmYzuGN+qc3FH/zWgl0j/yMh3ECLKTjRd1EYIjwMB3c4YpREKkhCpubsW0TxShYDIs/i+E+n7ZNQleHZQqJ5M4CmgTbaFd5KJDVEHnqIpqiKI79ICe0LN1bz1aL9bruHXKmsxsoG+w3j4B9qbSg=</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="9ZJU86mJfKrM+LVb0oy/g/NBlmw=">ACEHicjVDLSsNAFJ34rPUVdelmsIgupCQi6EYo6sKNUtE+oAlMp2Q2eSMHMjhJBPcOvuHGhiFuX7vwbp4+FioIHLhzOuZd7wliwTU4zoc1NT0zOzdfWCguLi2vrNpr63UdJYqyGo1EpJoB0UzwkNWAg2DNWDEiA8EaweB06DdumdI8Cm8gjZkvS/kXU4JGKlt73hnTADB0M48JfH1ZY6PsVN2sbeHPUmgr2R2kaq8bZfcsjMC/puU0ATVtv3udSKaSBYCFUTrluvE4GdEAaeC5Uv0SwmdEB6rGVoSCTfjZ6KMfbRungbqRMhYBH6teJjEitUxmYzuGN+qc3FH/zWgl0j/yMh3ECLKTjRd1EYIjwMB3c4YpREKkhCpubsW0TxShYDIs/i+E+n7ZNQleHZQqJ5M4CmgTbaFd5KJDVEHnqIpqiKI79ICe0LN1bz1aL9bruHXKmsxsoG+w3j4B9qbSg=</latexit>Drummond Fielding 21 March 2019
stratified simulations
Σgas = 30 M/pc2
<latexit sha1_base64="t/Dja3GDi8Q8p9YuNGaYjF/gZMk=">ACH3icjVDLSsNAFJ34rPUVdelmsAgupCZV1I1QdONGqGgf0MQwmUzaoTOZMDMRSsifuPFX3LhQRNz1b0zTLlQUPHDhcM693HuPHzOqtGWNjJnZufmFxdJSeXldW3d3NhsKZFITJpYMCE7PlKE0Yg0NdWMdGJEPcZafuDi7HfvidSURHd6mFMXI56EQ0pRjqXPYuaE9jrzUkRz2kMrgGTy0oLMPC+Uq8xwRCA0PoMOR7kuexji7q3lmxa5aBeDfpAKmaHjmhxMInHASacyQUl3birWbIqkpZiQrO4kiMcID1CPdnEaIE+WmxX8Z3M2VAIZC5hVpWKhfJ1LElRpyP+8cH6l+emPxN6+b6PDUTWkUJ5pEeLIoTBjUAo7DgGVBGs2zAnCkua3QtxHEmGdR1r+XwitWtW2qvb1UaV+Po2jBLbBDtgDNjgBdXAJGqAJMHgAT+AFvBqPxrPxZrxPWmeM6cwW+AZj9AmFXqFs</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="t/Dja3GDi8Q8p9YuNGaYjF/gZMk=">ACH3icjVDLSsNAFJ34rPUVdelmsAgupCZV1I1QdONGqGgf0MQwmUzaoTOZMDMRSsifuPFX3LhQRNz1b0zTLlQUPHDhcM693HuPHzOqtGWNjJnZufmFxdJSeXldW3d3NhsKZFITJpYMCE7PlKE0Yg0NdWMdGJEPcZafuDi7HfvidSURHd6mFMXI56EQ0pRjqXPYuaE9jrzUkRz2kMrgGTy0oLMPC+Uq8xwRCA0PoMOR7kuexji7q3lmxa5aBeDfpAKmaHjmhxMInHASacyQUl3birWbIqkpZiQrO4kiMcID1CPdnEaIE+WmxX8Z3M2VAIZC5hVpWKhfJ1LElRpyP+8cH6l+emPxN6+b6PDUTWkUJ5pEeLIoTBjUAo7DgGVBGs2zAnCkua3QtxHEmGdR1r+XwitWtW2qvb1UaV+Po2jBLbBDtgDNjgBdXAJGqAJMHgAT+AFvBqPxrPxZrxPWmeM6cwW+AZj9AmFXqFs</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="t/Dja3GDi8Q8p9YuNGaYjF/gZMk=">ACH3icjVDLSsNAFJ34rPUVdelmsAgupCZV1I1QdONGqGgf0MQwmUzaoTOZMDMRSsifuPFX3LhQRNz1b0zTLlQUPHDhcM693HuPHzOqtGWNjJnZufmFxdJSeXldW3d3NhsKZFITJpYMCE7PlKE0Yg0NdWMdGJEPcZafuDi7HfvidSURHd6mFMXI56EQ0pRjqXPYuaE9jrzUkRz2kMrgGTy0oLMPC+Uq8xwRCA0PoMOR7kuexji7q3lmxa5aBeDfpAKmaHjmhxMInHASacyQUl3birWbIqkpZiQrO4kiMcID1CPdnEaIE+WmxX8Z3M2VAIZC5hVpWKhfJ1LElRpyP+8cH6l+emPxN6+b6PDUTWkUJ5pEeLIoTBjUAo7DgGVBGs2zAnCkua3QtxHEmGdR1r+XwitWtW2qvb1UaV+Po2jBLbBDtgDNjgBdXAJGqAJMHgAT+AFvBqPxrPxZrxPWmeM6cwW+AZj9AmFXqFs</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="t/Dja3GDi8Q8p9YuNGaYjF/gZMk=">ACH3icjVDLSsNAFJ34rPUVdelmsAgupCZV1I1QdONGqGgf0MQwmUzaoTOZMDMRSsifuPFX3LhQRNz1b0zTLlQUPHDhcM693HuPHzOqtGWNjJnZufmFxdJSeXldW3d3NhsKZFITJpYMCE7PlKE0Yg0NdWMdGJEPcZafuDi7HfvidSURHd6mFMXI56EQ0pRjqXPYuaE9jrzUkRz2kMrgGTy0oLMPC+Uq8xwRCA0PoMOR7kuexji7q3lmxa5aBeDfpAKmaHjmhxMInHASacyQUl3birWbIqkpZiQrO4kiMcID1CPdnEaIE+WmxX8Z3M2VAIZC5hVpWKhfJ1LElRpyP+8cH6l+emPxN6+b6PDUTWkUJ5pEeLIoTBjUAo7DgGVBGs2zAnCkua3QtxHEmGdR1r+XwitWtW2qvb1UaV+Po2jBLbBDtgDNjgBdXAJGqAJMHgAT+AFvBqPxrPxZrxPWmeM6cwW+AZj9AmFXqFs</latexit>Mcl = 104.5 M
<latexit sha1_base64="70NMfC0XiylQMyWU6yFiBiaBg8=">ACFXicjVDLSsNAFJ3UV62vqEs3g0VwUIiFd0IRTduhAr2AU0Mk8m0HTrJhJmJUEJ+wo2/4saFIm4Fd/6N07SCioIHhjmcy/3hMkjEpl2+9GaW5+YXGpvFxZWV1b3zA3t9qSpwKTFuaMi26AJGE0Ji1FSPdRBAUBYx0gtHZxO/cECEpj6/UOCFehAYx7VOMlJZ8s5a5IoIXuV/8mOXwBDr2dVa3DnPo1uCn7fKQK9+sOpZdAP5NqmCGpm+uSHaURihRmSsufYifIyJBTFjOQVN5UkQXiEBqSnaYwiIr2suCqHe1oJYZ8L/WIFC/VrR4YiKcdRoCsjpIbypzcRf/N6qeofexmNk1SRGE8H9VMGFYeTiGBIBcGKjTVBWFC9K8RDJBWOsjK/0JoH1iObTmX9WrjdBZHGeyAXbAPHAEGuAcNELYHAL7sEjeDLujAfj2XiZlpaMWc82+Abj9QOLtJ0r</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="70NMfC0XiylQMyWU6yFiBiaBg8=">ACFXicjVDLSsNAFJ3UV62vqEs3g0VwUIiFd0IRTduhAr2AU0Mk8m0HTrJhJmJUEJ+wo2/4saFIm4Fd/6N07SCioIHhjmcy/3hMkjEpl2+9GaW5+YXGpvFxZWV1b3zA3t9qSpwKTFuaMi26AJGE0Ji1FSPdRBAUBYx0gtHZxO/cECEpj6/UOCFehAYx7VOMlJZ8s5a5IoIXuV/8mOXwBDr2dVa3DnPo1uCn7fKQK9+sOpZdAP5NqmCGpm+uSHaURihRmSsufYifIyJBTFjOQVN5UkQXiEBqSnaYwiIr2suCqHe1oJYZ8L/WIFC/VrR4YiKcdRoCsjpIbypzcRf/N6qeofexmNk1SRGE8H9VMGFYeTiGBIBcGKjTVBWFC9K8RDJBWOsjK/0JoH1iObTmX9WrjdBZHGeyAXbAPHAEGuAcNELYHAL7sEjeDLujAfj2XiZlpaMWc82+Abj9QOLtJ0r</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="70NMfC0XiylQMyWU6yFiBiaBg8=">ACFXicjVDLSsNAFJ3UV62vqEs3g0VwUIiFd0IRTduhAr2AU0Mk8m0HTrJhJmJUEJ+wo2/4saFIm4Fd/6N07SCioIHhjmcy/3hMkjEpl2+9GaW5+YXGpvFxZWV1b3zA3t9qSpwKTFuaMi26AJGE0Ji1FSPdRBAUBYx0gtHZxO/cECEpj6/UOCFehAYx7VOMlJZ8s5a5IoIXuV/8mOXwBDr2dVa3DnPo1uCn7fKQK9+sOpZdAP5NqmCGpm+uSHaURihRmSsufYifIyJBTFjOQVN5UkQXiEBqSnaYwiIr2suCqHe1oJYZ8L/WIFC/VrR4YiKcdRoCsjpIbypzcRf/N6qeofexmNk1SRGE8H9VMGFYeTiGBIBcGKjTVBWFC9K8RDJBWOsjK/0JoH1iObTmX9WrjdBZHGeyAXbAPHAEGuAcNELYHAL7sEjeDLujAfj2XiZlpaMWc82+Abj9QOLtJ0r</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="70NMfC0XiylQMyWU6yFiBiaBg8=">ACFXicjVDLSsNAFJ3UV62vqEs3g0VwUIiFd0IRTduhAr2AU0Mk8m0HTrJhJmJUEJ+wo2/4saFIm4Fd/6N07SCioIHhjmcy/3hMkjEpl2+9GaW5+YXGpvFxZWV1b3zA3t9qSpwKTFuaMi26AJGE0Ji1FSPdRBAUBYx0gtHZxO/cECEpj6/UOCFehAYx7VOMlJZ8s5a5IoIXuV/8mOXwBDr2dVa3DnPo1uCn7fKQK9+sOpZdAP5NqmCGpm+uSHaURihRmSsufYifIyJBTFjOQVN5UkQXiEBqSnaYwiIr2suCqHe1oJYZ8L/WIFC/VrR4YiKcdRoCsjpIbypzcRf/N6qeofexmNk1SRGE8H9VMGFYeTiGBIBcGKjTVBWFC9K8RDJBWOsjK/0JoH1iObTmX9WrjdBZHGeyAXbAPHAEGuAcNELYHAL7sEjeDLujAfj2XiZlpaMWc82+Abj9QOLtJ0r</latexit>✏? = 0.03
<latexit sha1_base64="Zsv5PBtbo+NlmRTq3UrmUACoPUc=">ACAHicjVDJSgNBEK2JW4zbqAcPXhqD4CnMqKAXIejFYwSzQGYIPZ2apEnPQnePEIa5+CtePCji1c/w5t/YWQ4qCj4oeLxXRVW9IBVcacf5sEoLi0vLK+XVytr6xuaWvb3TUkmGTZIhLZCahCwWNsaq4FdlKJNAoEtoPR1cRv36FUPIlv9ThFP6KDmIecUW2knr3nYaq4MDT3lKayIBfEqTknPbvq1pwpyN+kCnM0eva7109YFmGsmaBKdV0n1X5OpeZMYFHxMoUpZSM6wK6hMY1Q+fn0gYIcGqVPwkSaijWZql8nchopNY4C0xlRPVQ/vYn4m9fNdHju5zxOM40xmy0KM0F0QiZpkD6XyLQYG0KZ5OZWwoZUqZNZpX/hdA6rlOzb05rdYv53GUYR8O4AhcOIM6XEMDmsCgAd4gmfr3nq0XqzXWvJms/swjdYb59h2pWV</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="Zsv5PBtbo+NlmRTq3UrmUACoPUc=">ACAHicjVDJSgNBEK2JW4zbqAcPXhqD4CnMqKAXIejFYwSzQGYIPZ2apEnPQnePEIa5+CtePCji1c/w5t/YWQ4qCj4oeLxXRVW9IBVcacf5sEoLi0vLK+XVytr6xuaWvb3TUkmGTZIhLZCahCwWNsaq4FdlKJNAoEtoPR1cRv36FUPIlv9ThFP6KDmIecUW2knr3nYaq4MDT3lKayIBfEqTknPbvq1pwpyN+kCnM0eva7109YFmGsmaBKdV0n1X5OpeZMYFHxMoUpZSM6wK6hMY1Q+fn0gYIcGqVPwkSaijWZql8nchopNY4C0xlRPVQ/vYn4m9fNdHju5zxOM40xmy0KM0F0QiZpkD6XyLQYG0KZ5OZWwoZUqZNZpX/hdA6rlOzb05rdYv53GUYR8O4AhcOIM6XEMDmsCgAd4gmfr3nq0XqzXWvJms/swjdYb59h2pWV</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="Zsv5PBtbo+NlmRTq3UrmUACoPUc=">ACAHicjVDJSgNBEK2JW4zbqAcPXhqD4CnMqKAXIejFYwSzQGYIPZ2apEnPQnePEIa5+CtePCji1c/w5t/YWQ4qCj4oeLxXRVW9IBVcacf5sEoLi0vLK+XVytr6xuaWvb3TUkmGTZIhLZCahCwWNsaq4FdlKJNAoEtoPR1cRv36FUPIlv9ThFP6KDmIecUW2knr3nYaq4MDT3lKayIBfEqTknPbvq1pwpyN+kCnM0eva7109YFmGsmaBKdV0n1X5OpeZMYFHxMoUpZSM6wK6hMY1Q+fn0gYIcGqVPwkSaijWZql8nchopNY4C0xlRPVQ/vYn4m9fNdHju5zxOM40xmy0KM0F0QiZpkD6XyLQYG0KZ5OZWwoZUqZNZpX/hdA6rlOzb05rdYv53GUYR8O4AhcOIM6XEMDmsCgAd4gmfr3nq0XqzXWvJms/swjdYb59h2pWV</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="Zsv5PBtbo+NlmRTq3UrmUACoPUc=">ACAHicjVDJSgNBEK2JW4zbqAcPXhqD4CnMqKAXIejFYwSzQGYIPZ2apEnPQnePEIa5+CtePCji1c/w5t/YWQ4qCj4oeLxXRVW9IBVcacf5sEoLi0vLK+XVytr6xuaWvb3TUkmGTZIhLZCahCwWNsaq4FdlKJNAoEtoPR1cRv36FUPIlv9ThFP6KDmIecUW2knr3nYaq4MDT3lKayIBfEqTknPbvq1pwpyN+kCnM0eva7109YFmGsmaBKdV0n1X5OpeZMYFHxMoUpZSM6wK6hMY1Q+fn0gYIcGqVPwkSaijWZql8nchopNY4C0xlRPVQ/vYn4m9fNdHju5zxOM40xmy0KM0F0QiZpkD6XyLQYG0KZ5OZWwoZUqZNZpX/hdA6rlOzb05rdYv53GUYR8O4AhcOIM6XEMDmsCgAd4gmfr3nq0XqzXWvJms/swjdYb59h2pWV</latexit>Drummond Fielding 21 March 2019
stratified simulations
Σgas = 30 M/pc2
<latexit sha1_base64="t/Dja3GDi8Q8p9YuNGaYjF/gZMk=">ACH3icjVDLSsNAFJ34rPUVdelmsAgupCZV1I1QdONGqGgf0MQwmUzaoTOZMDMRSsifuPFX3LhQRNz1b0zTLlQUPHDhcM693HuPHzOqtGWNjJnZufmFxdJSeXldW3d3NhsKZFITJpYMCE7PlKE0Yg0NdWMdGJEPcZafuDi7HfvidSURHd6mFMXI56EQ0pRjqXPYuaE9jrzUkRz2kMrgGTy0oLMPC+Uq8xwRCA0PoMOR7kuexji7q3lmxa5aBeDfpAKmaHjmhxMInHASacyQUl3birWbIqkpZiQrO4kiMcID1CPdnEaIE+WmxX8Z3M2VAIZC5hVpWKhfJ1LElRpyP+8cH6l+emPxN6+b6PDUTWkUJ5pEeLIoTBjUAo7DgGVBGs2zAnCkua3QtxHEmGdR1r+XwitWtW2qvb1UaV+Po2jBLbBDtgDNjgBdXAJGqAJMHgAT+AFvBqPxrPxZrxPWmeM6cwW+AZj9AmFXqFs</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="t/Dja3GDi8Q8p9YuNGaYjF/gZMk=">ACH3icjVDLSsNAFJ34rPUVdelmsAgupCZV1I1QdONGqGgf0MQwmUzaoTOZMDMRSsifuPFX3LhQRNz1b0zTLlQUPHDhcM693HuPHzOqtGWNjJnZufmFxdJSeXldW3d3NhsKZFITJpYMCE7PlKE0Yg0NdWMdGJEPcZafuDi7HfvidSURHd6mFMXI56EQ0pRjqXPYuaE9jrzUkRz2kMrgGTy0oLMPC+Uq8xwRCA0PoMOR7kuexji7q3lmxa5aBeDfpAKmaHjmhxMInHASacyQUl3birWbIqkpZiQrO4kiMcID1CPdnEaIE+WmxX8Z3M2VAIZC5hVpWKhfJ1LElRpyP+8cH6l+emPxN6+b6PDUTWkUJ5pEeLIoTBjUAo7DgGVBGs2zAnCkua3QtxHEmGdR1r+XwitWtW2qvb1UaV+Po2jBLbBDtgDNjgBdXAJGqAJMHgAT+AFvBqPxrPxZrxPWmeM6cwW+AZj9AmFXqFs</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="t/Dja3GDi8Q8p9YuNGaYjF/gZMk=">ACH3icjVDLSsNAFJ34rPUVdelmsAgupCZV1I1QdONGqGgf0MQwmUzaoTOZMDMRSsifuPFX3LhQRNz1b0zTLlQUPHDhcM693HuPHzOqtGWNjJnZufmFxdJSeXldW3d3NhsKZFITJpYMCE7PlKE0Yg0NdWMdGJEPcZafuDi7HfvidSURHd6mFMXI56EQ0pRjqXPYuaE9jrzUkRz2kMrgGTy0oLMPC+Uq8xwRCA0PoMOR7kuexji7q3lmxa5aBeDfpAKmaHjmhxMInHASacyQUl3birWbIqkpZiQrO4kiMcID1CPdnEaIE+WmxX8Z3M2VAIZC5hVpWKhfJ1LElRpyP+8cH6l+emPxN6+b6PDUTWkUJ5pEeLIoTBjUAo7DgGVBGs2zAnCkua3QtxHEmGdR1r+XwitWtW2qvb1UaV+Po2jBLbBDtgDNjgBdXAJGqAJMHgAT+AFvBqPxrPxZrxPWmeM6cwW+AZj9AmFXqFs</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="t/Dja3GDi8Q8p9YuNGaYjF/gZMk=">ACH3icjVDLSsNAFJ34rPUVdelmsAgupCZV1I1QdONGqGgf0MQwmUzaoTOZMDMRSsifuPFX3LhQRNz1b0zTLlQUPHDhcM693HuPHzOqtGWNjJnZufmFxdJSeXldW3d3NhsKZFITJpYMCE7PlKE0Yg0NdWMdGJEPcZafuDi7HfvidSURHd6mFMXI56EQ0pRjqXPYuaE9jrzUkRz2kMrgGTy0oLMPC+Uq8xwRCA0PoMOR7kuexji7q3lmxa5aBeDfpAKmaHjmhxMInHASacyQUl3birWbIqkpZiQrO4kiMcID1CPdnEaIE+WmxX8Z3M2VAIZC5hVpWKhfJ1LElRpyP+8cH6l+emPxN6+b6PDUTWkUJ5pEeLIoTBjUAo7DgGVBGs2zAnCkua3QtxHEmGdR1r+XwitWtW2qvb1UaV+Po2jBLbBDtgDNjgBdXAJGqAJMHgAT+AFvBqPxrPxZrxPWmeM6cwW+AZj9AmFXqFs</latexit>Mcl = 104.5 M
<latexit sha1_base64="70NMfC0XiylQMyWU6yFiBiaBg8=">ACFXicjVDLSsNAFJ3UV62vqEs3g0VwUIiFd0IRTduhAr2AU0Mk8m0HTrJhJmJUEJ+wo2/4saFIm4Fd/6N07SCioIHhjmcy/3hMkjEpl2+9GaW5+YXGpvFxZWV1b3zA3t9qSpwKTFuaMi26AJGE0Ji1FSPdRBAUBYx0gtHZxO/cECEpj6/UOCFehAYx7VOMlJZ8s5a5IoIXuV/8mOXwBDr2dVa3DnPo1uCn7fKQK9+sOpZdAP5NqmCGpm+uSHaURihRmSsufYifIyJBTFjOQVN5UkQXiEBqSnaYwiIr2suCqHe1oJYZ8L/WIFC/VrR4YiKcdRoCsjpIbypzcRf/N6qeofexmNk1SRGE8H9VMGFYeTiGBIBcGKjTVBWFC9K8RDJBWOsjK/0JoH1iObTmX9WrjdBZHGeyAXbAPHAEGuAcNELYHAL7sEjeDLujAfj2XiZlpaMWc82+Abj9QOLtJ0r</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="70NMfC0XiylQMyWU6yFiBiaBg8=">ACFXicjVDLSsNAFJ3UV62vqEs3g0VwUIiFd0IRTduhAr2AU0Mk8m0HTrJhJmJUEJ+wo2/4saFIm4Fd/6N07SCioIHhjmcy/3hMkjEpl2+9GaW5+YXGpvFxZWV1b3zA3t9qSpwKTFuaMi26AJGE0Ji1FSPdRBAUBYx0gtHZxO/cECEpj6/UOCFehAYx7VOMlJZ8s5a5IoIXuV/8mOXwBDr2dVa3DnPo1uCn7fKQK9+sOpZdAP5NqmCGpm+uSHaURihRmSsufYifIyJBTFjOQVN5UkQXiEBqSnaYwiIr2suCqHe1oJYZ8L/WIFC/VrR4YiKcdRoCsjpIbypzcRf/N6qeofexmNk1SRGE8H9VMGFYeTiGBIBcGKjTVBWFC9K8RDJBWOsjK/0JoH1iObTmX9WrjdBZHGeyAXbAPHAEGuAcNELYHAL7sEjeDLujAfj2XiZlpaMWc82+Abj9QOLtJ0r</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="70NMfC0XiylQMyWU6yFiBiaBg8=">ACFXicjVDLSsNAFJ3UV62vqEs3g0VwUIiFd0IRTduhAr2AU0Mk8m0HTrJhJmJUEJ+wo2/4saFIm4Fd/6N07SCioIHhjmcy/3hMkjEpl2+9GaW5+YXGpvFxZWV1b3zA3t9qSpwKTFuaMi26AJGE0Ji1FSPdRBAUBYx0gtHZxO/cECEpj6/UOCFehAYx7VOMlJZ8s5a5IoIXuV/8mOXwBDr2dVa3DnPo1uCn7fKQK9+sOpZdAP5NqmCGpm+uSHaURihRmSsufYifIyJBTFjOQVN5UkQXiEBqSnaYwiIr2suCqHe1oJYZ8L/WIFC/VrR4YiKcdRoCsjpIbypzcRf/N6qeofexmNk1SRGE8H9VMGFYeTiGBIBcGKjTVBWFC9K8RDJBWOsjK/0JoH1iObTmX9WrjdBZHGeyAXbAPHAEGuAcNELYHAL7sEjeDLujAfj2XiZlpaMWc82+Abj9QOLtJ0r</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="70NMfC0XiylQMyWU6yFiBiaBg8=">ACFXicjVDLSsNAFJ3UV62vqEs3g0VwUIiFd0IRTduhAr2AU0Mk8m0HTrJhJmJUEJ+wo2/4saFIm4Fd/6N07SCioIHhjmcy/3hMkjEpl2+9GaW5+YXGpvFxZWV1b3zA3t9qSpwKTFuaMi26AJGE0Ji1FSPdRBAUBYx0gtHZxO/cECEpj6/UOCFehAYx7VOMlJZ8s5a5IoIXuV/8mOXwBDr2dVa3DnPo1uCn7fKQK9+sOpZdAP5NqmCGpm+uSHaURihRmSsufYifIyJBTFjOQVN5UkQXiEBqSnaYwiIr2suCqHe1oJYZ8L/WIFC/VrR4YiKcdRoCsjpIbypzcRf/N6qeofexmNk1SRGE8H9VMGFYeTiGBIBcGKjTVBWFC9K8RDJBWOsjK/0JoH1iObTmX9WrjdBZHGeyAXbAPHAEGuAcNELYHAL7sEjeDLujAfj2XiZlpaMWc82+Abj9QOLtJ0r</latexit>✏? = 0.03
<latexit sha1_base64="Zsv5PBtbo+NlmRTq3UrmUACoPUc=">ACAHicjVDJSgNBEK2JW4zbqAcPXhqD4CnMqKAXIejFYwSzQGYIPZ2apEnPQnePEIa5+CtePCji1c/w5t/YWQ4qCj4oeLxXRVW9IBVcacf5sEoLi0vLK+XVytr6xuaWvb3TUkmGTZIhLZCahCwWNsaq4FdlKJNAoEtoPR1cRv36FUPIlv9ThFP6KDmIecUW2knr3nYaq4MDT3lKayIBfEqTknPbvq1pwpyN+kCnM0eva7109YFmGsmaBKdV0n1X5OpeZMYFHxMoUpZSM6wK6hMY1Q+fn0gYIcGqVPwkSaijWZql8nchopNY4C0xlRPVQ/vYn4m9fNdHju5zxOM40xmy0KM0F0QiZpkD6XyLQYG0KZ5OZWwoZUqZNZpX/hdA6rlOzb05rdYv53GUYR8O4AhcOIM6XEMDmsCgAd4gmfr3nq0XqzXWvJms/swjdYb59h2pWV</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="Zsv5PBtbo+NlmRTq3UrmUACoPUc=">ACAHicjVDJSgNBEK2JW4zbqAcPXhqD4CnMqKAXIejFYwSzQGYIPZ2apEnPQnePEIa5+CtePCji1c/w5t/YWQ4qCj4oeLxXRVW9IBVcacf5sEoLi0vLK+XVytr6xuaWvb3TUkmGTZIhLZCahCwWNsaq4FdlKJNAoEtoPR1cRv36FUPIlv9ThFP6KDmIecUW2knr3nYaq4MDT3lKayIBfEqTknPbvq1pwpyN+kCnM0eva7109YFmGsmaBKdV0n1X5OpeZMYFHxMoUpZSM6wK6hMY1Q+fn0gYIcGqVPwkSaijWZql8nchopNY4C0xlRPVQ/vYn4m9fNdHju5zxOM40xmy0KM0F0QiZpkD6XyLQYG0KZ5OZWwoZUqZNZpX/hdA6rlOzb05rdYv53GUYR8O4AhcOIM6XEMDmsCgAd4gmfr3nq0XqzXWvJms/swjdYb59h2pWV</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="Zsv5PBtbo+NlmRTq3UrmUACoPUc=">ACAHicjVDJSgNBEK2JW4zbqAcPXhqD4CnMqKAXIejFYwSzQGYIPZ2apEnPQnePEIa5+CtePCji1c/w5t/YWQ4qCj4oeLxXRVW9IBVcacf5sEoLi0vLK+XVytr6xuaWvb3TUkmGTZIhLZCahCwWNsaq4FdlKJNAoEtoPR1cRv36FUPIlv9ThFP6KDmIecUW2knr3nYaq4MDT3lKayIBfEqTknPbvq1pwpyN+kCnM0eva7109YFmGsmaBKdV0n1X5OpeZMYFHxMoUpZSM6wK6hMY1Q+fn0gYIcGqVPwkSaijWZql8nchopNY4C0xlRPVQ/vYn4m9fNdHju5zxOM40xmy0KM0F0QiZpkD6XyLQYG0KZ5OZWwoZUqZNZpX/hdA6rlOzb05rdYv53GUYR8O4AhcOIM6XEMDmsCgAd4gmfr3nq0XqzXWvJms/swjdYb59h2pWV</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="Zsv5PBtbo+NlmRTq3UrmUACoPUc=">ACAHicjVDJSgNBEK2JW4zbqAcPXhqD4CnMqKAXIejFYwSzQGYIPZ2apEnPQnePEIa5+CtePCji1c/w5t/YWQ4qCj4oeLxXRVW9IBVcacf5sEoLi0vLK+XVytr6xuaWvb3TUkmGTZIhLZCahCwWNsaq4FdlKJNAoEtoPR1cRv36FUPIlv9ThFP6KDmIecUW2knr3nYaq4MDT3lKayIBfEqTknPbvq1pwpyN+kCnM0eva7109YFmGsmaBKdV0n1X5OpeZMYFHxMoUpZSM6wK6hMY1Q+fn0gYIcGqVPwkSaijWZql8nchopNY4C0xlRPVQ/vYn4m9fNdHju5zxOM40xmy0KM0F0QiZpkD6XyLQYG0KZ5OZWwoZUqZNZpX/hdA6rlOzb05rdYv53GUYR8O4AhcOIM6XEMDmsCgAd4gmfr3nq0XqzXWvJms/swjdYb59h2pWV</latexit>Drummond Fielding 21 March 2019
stratified simulations — energy loading
ηE = ˙ Ewind/ ˙ ESN
<latexit sha1_base64="fvo/gKpMLOHfIJkOlbHp6SCJkbc=">ACF3icbVDLSgMxFM3UV62vqks3wSK4qjMi6EYoSE3UtE+oDMmTRtQzOZIbmjlGH+wo2/4saFIm5159+YPha2euDC4Zx7k3tPEAuwba/rdzC4tLySn61sLa+sblV3N5p6ChRlNVpJCLVCohmgktWBw6CtWLFSBgI1gwGFyO/ec+U5pG8g2HMvJD0JO9ySsBIfrHsMiB+FZ9jtxNBWs381FUhfuCyk+GjWfH2OvOLJbtsj4H/EmdKSmiKml/8Mk/QJGQSqCBatx07Bi8lCjgVLCu4iWYxoQPSY21DJQmZ9tLxXRk+MEoHdyNlSgIeq78nUhJqPQwD0xkS6Ot5byT+57UT6J5KZdxAkzSyUfdRGCI8Cgk3OGKURBDQwhV3OyKaZ8oQsFEWTAhOPMn/yWN47Jjl52bk1LlahpHu2hfXSIHSKugS1VAdUfSIntErerOerBfr3fqYtOas6cwumoH1+QPSLJ8b</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="fvo/gKpMLOHfIJkOlbHp6SCJkbc=">ACF3icbVDLSgMxFM3UV62vqks3wSK4qjMi6EYoSE3UtE+oDMmTRtQzOZIbmjlGH+wo2/4saFIm5159+YPha2euDC4Zx7k3tPEAuwba/rdzC4tLySn61sLa+sblV3N5p6ChRlNVpJCLVCohmgktWBw6CtWLFSBgI1gwGFyO/ec+U5pG8g2HMvJD0JO9ySsBIfrHsMiB+FZ9jtxNBWs381FUhfuCyk+GjWfH2OvOLJbtsj4H/EmdKSmiKml/8Mk/QJGQSqCBatx07Bi8lCjgVLCu4iWYxoQPSY21DJQmZ9tLxXRk+MEoHdyNlSgIeq78nUhJqPQwD0xkS6Ot5byT+57UT6J5KZdxAkzSyUfdRGCI8Cgk3OGKURBDQwhV3OyKaZ8oQsFEWTAhOPMn/yWN47Jjl52bk1LlahpHu2hfXSIHSKugS1VAdUfSIntErerOerBfr3fqYtOas6cwumoH1+QPSLJ8b</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="fvo/gKpMLOHfIJkOlbHp6SCJkbc=">ACF3icbVDLSgMxFM3UV62vqks3wSK4qjMi6EYoSE3UtE+oDMmTRtQzOZIbmjlGH+wo2/4saFIm5159+YPha2euDC4Zx7k3tPEAuwba/rdzC4tLySn61sLa+sblV3N5p6ChRlNVpJCLVCohmgktWBw6CtWLFSBgI1gwGFyO/ec+U5pG8g2HMvJD0JO9ySsBIfrHsMiB+FZ9jtxNBWs381FUhfuCyk+GjWfH2OvOLJbtsj4H/EmdKSmiKml/8Mk/QJGQSqCBatx07Bi8lCjgVLCu4iWYxoQPSY21DJQmZ9tLxXRk+MEoHdyNlSgIeq78nUhJqPQwD0xkS6Ot5byT+57UT6J5KZdxAkzSyUfdRGCI8Cgk3OGKURBDQwhV3OyKaZ8oQsFEWTAhOPMn/yWN47Jjl52bk1LlahpHu2hfXSIHSKugS1VAdUfSIntErerOerBfr3fqYtOas6cwumoH1+QPSLJ8b</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="fvo/gKpMLOHfIJkOlbHp6SCJkbc=">ACF3icbVDLSgMxFM3UV62vqks3wSK4qjMi6EYoSE3UtE+oDMmTRtQzOZIbmjlGH+wo2/4saFIm5159+YPha2euDC4Zx7k3tPEAuwba/rdzC4tLySn61sLa+sblV3N5p6ChRlNVpJCLVCohmgktWBw6CtWLFSBgI1gwGFyO/ec+U5pG8g2HMvJD0JO9ySsBIfrHsMiB+FZ9jtxNBWs381FUhfuCyk+GjWfH2OvOLJbtsj4H/EmdKSmiKml/8Mk/QJGQSqCBatx07Bi8lCjgVLCu4iWYxoQPSY21DJQmZ9tLxXRk+MEoHdyNlSgIeq78nUhJqPQwD0xkS6Ot5byT+57UT6J5KZdxAkzSyUfdRGCI8Cgk3OGKURBDQwhV3OyKaZ8oQsFEWTAhOPMn/yWN47Jjl52bk1LlahpHu2hfXSIHSKugS1VAdUfSIntErerOerBfr3fqYtOas6cwumoH1+QPSLJ8b</latexit>ηE = ˙ Ewind/ ˙ ESN
<latexit sha1_base64="fvo/gKpMLOHfIJkOlbHp6SCJkbc=">ACF3icbVDLSgMxFM3UV62vqks3wSK4qjMi6EYoSE3UtE+oDMmTRtQzOZIbmjlGH+wo2/4saFIm5159+YPha2euDC4Zx7k3tPEAuwba/rdzC4tLySn61sLa+sblV3N5p6ChRlNVpJCLVCohmgktWBw6CtWLFSBgI1gwGFyO/ec+U5pG8g2HMvJD0JO9ySsBIfrHsMiB+FZ9jtxNBWs381FUhfuCyk+GjWfH2OvOLJbtsj4H/EmdKSmiKml/8Mk/QJGQSqCBatx07Bi8lCjgVLCu4iWYxoQPSY21DJQmZ9tLxXRk+MEoHdyNlSgIeq78nUhJqPQwD0xkS6Ot5byT+57UT6J5KZdxAkzSyUfdRGCI8Cgk3OGKURBDQwhV3OyKaZ8oQsFEWTAhOPMn/yWN47Jjl52bk1LlahpHu2hfXSIHSKugS1VAdUfSIntErerOerBfr3fqYtOas6cwumoH1+QPSLJ8b</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="fvo/gKpMLOHfIJkOlbHp6SCJkbc=">ACF3icbVDLSgMxFM3UV62vqks3wSK4qjMi6EYoSE3UtE+oDMmTRtQzOZIbmjlGH+wo2/4saFIm5159+YPha2euDC4Zx7k3tPEAuwba/rdzC4tLySn61sLa+sblV3N5p6ChRlNVpJCLVCohmgktWBw6CtWLFSBgI1gwGFyO/ec+U5pG8g2HMvJD0JO9ySsBIfrHsMiB+FZ9jtxNBWs381FUhfuCyk+GjWfH2OvOLJbtsj4H/EmdKSmiKml/8Mk/QJGQSqCBatx07Bi8lCjgVLCu4iWYxoQPSY21DJQmZ9tLxXRk+MEoHdyNlSgIeq78nUhJqPQwD0xkS6Ot5byT+57UT6J5KZdxAkzSyUfdRGCI8Cgk3OGKURBDQwhV3OyKaZ8oQsFEWTAhOPMn/yWN47Jjl52bk1LlahpHu2hfXSIHSKugS1VAdUfSIntErerOerBfr3fqYtOas6cwumoH1+QPSLJ8b</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="fvo/gKpMLOHfIJkOlbHp6SCJkbc=">ACF3icbVDLSgMxFM3UV62vqks3wSK4qjMi6EYoSE3UtE+oDMmTRtQzOZIbmjlGH+wo2/4saFIm5159+YPha2euDC4Zx7k3tPEAuwba/rdzC4tLySn61sLa+sblV3N5p6ChRlNVpJCLVCohmgktWBw6CtWLFSBgI1gwGFyO/ec+U5pG8g2HMvJD0JO9ySsBIfrHsMiB+FZ9jtxNBWs381FUhfuCyk+GjWfH2OvOLJbtsj4H/EmdKSmiKml/8Mk/QJGQSqCBatx07Bi8lCjgVLCu4iWYxoQPSY21DJQmZ9tLxXRk+MEoHdyNlSgIeq78nUhJqPQwD0xkS6Ot5byT+57UT6J5KZdxAkzSyUfdRGCI8Cgk3OGKURBDQwhV3OyKaZ8oQsFEWTAhOPMn/yWN47Jjl52bk1LlahpHu2hfXSIHSKugS1VAdUfSIntErerOerBfr3fqYtOas6cwumoH1+QPSLJ8b</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="fvo/gKpMLOHfIJkOlbHp6SCJkbc=">ACF3icbVDLSgMxFM3UV62vqks3wSK4qjMi6EYoSE3UtE+oDMmTRtQzOZIbmjlGH+wo2/4saFIm5159+YPha2euDC4Zx7k3tPEAuwba/rdzC4tLySn61sLa+sblV3N5p6ChRlNVpJCLVCohmgktWBw6CtWLFSBgI1gwGFyO/ec+U5pG8g2HMvJD0JO9ySsBIfrHsMiB+FZ9jtxNBWs381FUhfuCyk+GjWfH2OvOLJbtsj4H/EmdKSmiKml/8Mk/QJGQSqCBatx07Bi8lCjgVLCu4iWYxoQPSY21DJQmZ9tLxXRk+MEoHdyNlSgIeq78nUhJqPQwD0xkS6Ot5byT+57UT6J5KZdxAkzSyUfdRGCI8Cgk3OGKURBDQwhV3OyKaZ8oQsFEWTAhOPMn/yWN47Jjl52bk1LlahpHu2hfXSIHSKugS1VAdUfSIntErerOerBfr3fqYtOas6cwumoH1+QPSLJ8b</latexit>breakout stall
Drummond Fielding 21 March 2019
stratified simulations — momentum loading
ηP = ˙ Pwind/ ˙ PSN
<latexit sha1_base64="mHiVUyaNe02lB7zrwCrOAVwVk=">ACF3icbVDLSsNAFJ3UV62vqks3g0VwVRMRdCMU3OhGItoHNCFMptN26GQSZm6UEvIXbvwVNy4Ucas7/8bpY2GrBy4czrl35t4TJoJrsO1vq7CwuLS8Ulwtra1vbG6Vt3caOk4VZXUai1i1QqKZ4JLVgYNgrUQxEoWCNcPBxchv3jOleSzvYJgwPyI9ybucEjBSUK56DEjg4nPsdWLI3DzIPBXhBy47OT6aFW+v86Bcsav2GPgvcakgqZwg/KXeYKmEZNABdG67dgJ+BlRwKlgeclLNUsIHZAeaxsqScS0n43vyvGBUTq4GytTEvBY/T2RkUjrYRSazohAX897I/E/r51C98zPuExSYJOPuqmAkOMRyHhDleMghgaQqjiZldM+0QRCibKkgnBmT/5L2kcVx276tycVGpX0ziKaA/to0PkoFNUQ5fIRXVE0SN6Rq/ozXqyXqx362PSWrCmM7toBtbnDwe6nzw=</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="mHiVUyaNe02lB7zrwCrOAVwVk=">ACF3icbVDLSsNAFJ3UV62vqks3g0VwVRMRdCMU3OhGItoHNCFMptN26GQSZm6UEvIXbvwVNy4Ucas7/8bpY2GrBy4czrl35t4TJoJrsO1vq7CwuLS8Ulwtra1vbG6Vt3caOk4VZXUai1i1QqKZ4JLVgYNgrUQxEoWCNcPBxchv3jOleSzvYJgwPyI9ybucEjBSUK56DEjg4nPsdWLI3DzIPBXhBy47OT6aFW+v86Bcsav2GPgvcakgqZwg/KXeYKmEZNABdG67dgJ+BlRwKlgeclLNUsIHZAeaxsqScS0n43vyvGBUTq4GytTEvBY/T2RkUjrYRSazohAX897I/E/r51C98zPuExSYJOPuqmAkOMRyHhDleMghgaQqjiZldM+0QRCibKkgnBmT/5L2kcVx276tycVGpX0ziKaA/to0PkoFNUQ5fIRXVE0SN6Rq/ozXqyXqx362PSWrCmM7toBtbnDwe6nzw=</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="mHiVUyaNe02lB7zrwCrOAVwVk=">ACF3icbVDLSsNAFJ3UV62vqks3g0VwVRMRdCMU3OhGItoHNCFMptN26GQSZm6UEvIXbvwVNy4Ucas7/8bpY2GrBy4czrl35t4TJoJrsO1vq7CwuLS8Ulwtra1vbG6Vt3caOk4VZXUai1i1QqKZ4JLVgYNgrUQxEoWCNcPBxchv3jOleSzvYJgwPyI9ybucEjBSUK56DEjg4nPsdWLI3DzIPBXhBy47OT6aFW+v86Bcsav2GPgvcakgqZwg/KXeYKmEZNABdG67dgJ+BlRwKlgeclLNUsIHZAeaxsqScS0n43vyvGBUTq4GytTEvBY/T2RkUjrYRSazohAX897I/E/r51C98zPuExSYJOPuqmAkOMRyHhDleMghgaQqjiZldM+0QRCibKkgnBmT/5L2kcVx276tycVGpX0ziKaA/to0PkoFNUQ5fIRXVE0SN6Rq/ozXqyXqx362PSWrCmM7toBtbnDwe6nzw=</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="mHiVUyaNe02lB7zrwCrOAVwVk=">ACF3icbVDLSsNAFJ3UV62vqks3g0VwVRMRdCMU3OhGItoHNCFMptN26GQSZm6UEvIXbvwVNy4Ucas7/8bpY2GrBy4czrl35t4TJoJrsO1vq7CwuLS8Ulwtra1vbG6Vt3caOk4VZXUai1i1QqKZ4JLVgYNgrUQxEoWCNcPBxchv3jOleSzvYJgwPyI9ybucEjBSUK56DEjg4nPsdWLI3DzIPBXhBy47OT6aFW+v86Bcsav2GPgvcakgqZwg/KXeYKmEZNABdG67dgJ+BlRwKlgeclLNUsIHZAeaxsqScS0n43vyvGBUTq4GytTEvBY/T2RkUjrYRSazohAX897I/E/r51C98zPuExSYJOPuqmAkOMRyHhDleMghgaQqjiZldM+0QRCibKkgnBmT/5L2kcVx276tycVGpX0ziKaA/to0PkoFNUQ5fIRXVE0SN6Rq/ozXqyXqx362PSWrCmM7toBtbnDwe6nzw=</latexit>ηP = ˙ Pwind/ ˙ PSN
<latexit sha1_base64="mHiVUyaNe02lB7zrwCrOAVwVk=">ACF3icbVDLSsNAFJ3UV62vqks3g0VwVRMRdCMU3OhGItoHNCFMptN26GQSZm6UEvIXbvwVNy4Ucas7/8bpY2GrBy4czrl35t4TJoJrsO1vq7CwuLS8Ulwtra1vbG6Vt3caOk4VZXUai1i1QqKZ4JLVgYNgrUQxEoWCNcPBxchv3jOleSzvYJgwPyI9ybucEjBSUK56DEjg4nPsdWLI3DzIPBXhBy47OT6aFW+v86Bcsav2GPgvcakgqZwg/KXeYKmEZNABdG67dgJ+BlRwKlgeclLNUsIHZAeaxsqScS0n43vyvGBUTq4GytTEvBY/T2RkUjrYRSazohAX897I/E/r51C98zPuExSYJOPuqmAkOMRyHhDleMghgaQqjiZldM+0QRCibKkgnBmT/5L2kcVx276tycVGpX0ziKaA/to0PkoFNUQ5fIRXVE0SN6Rq/ozXqyXqx362PSWrCmM7toBtbnDwe6nzw=</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="mHiVUyaNe02lB7zrwCrOAVwVk=">ACF3icbVDLSsNAFJ3UV62vqks3g0VwVRMRdCMU3OhGItoHNCFMptN26GQSZm6UEvIXbvwVNy4Ucas7/8bpY2GrBy4czrl35t4TJoJrsO1vq7CwuLS8Ulwtra1vbG6Vt3caOk4VZXUai1i1QqKZ4JLVgYNgrUQxEoWCNcPBxchv3jOleSzvYJgwPyI9ybucEjBSUK56DEjg4nPsdWLI3DzIPBXhBy47OT6aFW+v86Bcsav2GPgvcakgqZwg/KXeYKmEZNABdG67dgJ+BlRwKlgeclLNUsIHZAeaxsqScS0n43vyvGBUTq4GytTEvBY/T2RkUjrYRSazohAX897I/E/r51C98zPuExSYJOPuqmAkOMRyHhDleMghgaQqjiZldM+0QRCibKkgnBmT/5L2kcVx276tycVGpX0ziKaA/to0PkoFNUQ5fIRXVE0SN6Rq/ozXqyXqx362PSWrCmM7toBtbnDwe6nzw=</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="mHiVUyaNe02lB7zrwCrOAVwVk=">ACF3icbVDLSsNAFJ3UV62vqks3g0VwVRMRdCMU3OhGItoHNCFMptN26GQSZm6UEvIXbvwVNy4Ucas7/8bpY2GrBy4czrl35t4TJoJrsO1vq7CwuLS8Ulwtra1vbG6Vt3caOk4VZXUai1i1QqKZ4JLVgYNgrUQxEoWCNcPBxchv3jOleSzvYJgwPyI9ybucEjBSUK56DEjg4nPsdWLI3DzIPBXhBy47OT6aFW+v86Bcsav2GPgvcakgqZwg/KXeYKmEZNABdG67dgJ+BlRwKlgeclLNUsIHZAeaxsqScS0n43vyvGBUTq4GytTEvBY/T2RkUjrYRSazohAX897I/E/r51C98zPuExSYJOPuqmAkOMRyHhDleMghgaQqjiZldM+0QRCibKkgnBmT/5L2kcVx276tycVGpX0ziKaA/to0PkoFNUQ5fIRXVE0SN6Rq/ozXqyXqx362PSWrCmM7toBtbnDwe6nzw=</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="mHiVUyaNe02lB7zrwCrOAVwVk=">ACF3icbVDLSsNAFJ3UV62vqks3g0VwVRMRdCMU3OhGItoHNCFMptN26GQSZm6UEvIXbvwVNy4Ucas7/8bpY2GrBy4czrl35t4TJoJrsO1vq7CwuLS8Ulwtra1vbG6Vt3caOk4VZXUai1i1QqKZ4JLVgYNgrUQxEoWCNcPBxchv3jOleSzvYJgwPyI9ybucEjBSUK56DEjg4nPsdWLI3DzIPBXhBy47OT6aFW+v86Bcsav2GPgvcakgqZwg/KXeYKmEZNABdG67dgJ+BlRwKlgeclLNUsIHZAeaxsqScS0n43vyvGBUTq4GytTEvBY/T2RkUjrYRSazohAX897I/E/r51C98zPuExSYJOPuqmAkOMRyHhDleMghgaQqjiZldM+0QRCibKkgnBmT/5L2kcVx276tycVGpX0ziKaA/to0PkoFNUQ5fIRXVE0SN6Rq/ozXqyXqx362PSWrCmM7toBtbnDwe6nzw=</latexit>Drummond Fielding 21 March 2019
stratified simulations — mass loading
hηM = ˙ Mwind/ ˙ M?itime
<latexit sha1_base64="/URsSMGU/R7loQaGjn+nV5MRyZY=">ACMXicbVBNSyNBFOzJ7qobPzbqcS/NBsFTdkYE9yIEvOhBiLCJQiYMbzovsUl3z9D9RgnD/CUv/pNlLx5WxKt/YjsfB1e3oKGoqtfdr9JcSUdh+BDUPnz8tLK69rm+vrG59aWxvdNzWEFdkWmMnuVgkMlDXZJksKr3CLoVOFlOjmZ+Zc3aJ3MzE+a5jQMDZyJAWQl5LGazAjBXyGAmSc37M42FG5XmVlLHV/FaYcW/vxIdga14bOdTixBJjVXSaIatcA7+nkRL0mRLdJLGL3+pKDQaEgqc60dhToMSLEmhsKrHhcMcxATG2PfUgEY3KOcbV3zPK0M+yqw/hvhcfT1RgnZuqlOf1EDX7q03E/n9Qsa/RiU0uQFoRGLh0aF4pTxWX18KC0KUlNPQFjp/8rFNVgQ5Eu+xKityu/J72DVhS2ovDZvtsWca+8q+sX0WsSPWZqesw7pMsDv2m/1hj8F98BA8Bc+LaC1YzuyfxC8/AW2YKqW</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="/URsSMGU/R7loQaGjn+nV5MRyZY=">ACMXicbVBNSyNBFOzJ7qobPzbqcS/NBsFTdkYE9yIEvOhBiLCJQiYMbzovsUl3z9D9RgnD/CUv/pNlLx5WxKt/YjsfB1e3oKGoqtfdr9JcSUdh+BDUPnz8tLK69rm+vrG59aWxvdNzWEFdkWmMnuVgkMlDXZJksKr3CLoVOFlOjmZ+Zc3aJ3MzE+a5jQMDZyJAWQl5LGazAjBXyGAmSc37M42FG5XmVlLHV/FaYcW/vxIdga14bOdTixBJjVXSaIatcA7+nkRL0mRLdJLGL3+pKDQaEgqc60dhToMSLEmhsKrHhcMcxATG2PfUgEY3KOcbV3zPK0M+yqw/hvhcfT1RgnZuqlOf1EDX7q03E/n9Qsa/RiU0uQFoRGLh0aF4pTxWX18KC0KUlNPQFjp/8rFNVgQ5Eu+xKityu/J72DVhS2ovDZvtsWca+8q+sX0WsSPWZqesw7pMsDv2m/1hj8F98BA8Bc+LaC1YzuyfxC8/AW2YKqW</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="/URsSMGU/R7loQaGjn+nV5MRyZY=">ACMXicbVBNSyNBFOzJ7qobPzbqcS/NBsFTdkYE9yIEvOhBiLCJQiYMbzovsUl3z9D9RgnD/CUv/pNlLx5WxKt/YjsfB1e3oKGoqtfdr9JcSUdh+BDUPnz8tLK69rm+vrG59aWxvdNzWEFdkWmMnuVgkMlDXZJksKr3CLoVOFlOjmZ+Zc3aJ3MzE+a5jQMDZyJAWQl5LGazAjBXyGAmSc37M42FG5XmVlLHV/FaYcW/vxIdga14bOdTixBJjVXSaIatcA7+nkRL0mRLdJLGL3+pKDQaEgqc60dhToMSLEmhsKrHhcMcxATG2PfUgEY3KOcbV3zPK0M+yqw/hvhcfT1RgnZuqlOf1EDX7q03E/n9Qsa/RiU0uQFoRGLh0aF4pTxWX18KC0KUlNPQFjp/8rFNVgQ5Eu+xKityu/J72DVhS2ovDZvtsWca+8q+sX0WsSPWZqesw7pMsDv2m/1hj8F98BA8Bc+LaC1YzuyfxC8/AW2YKqW</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="/URsSMGU/R7loQaGjn+nV5MRyZY=">ACMXicbVBNSyNBFOzJ7qobPzbqcS/NBsFTdkYE9yIEvOhBiLCJQiYMbzovsUl3z9D9RgnD/CUv/pNlLx5WxKt/YjsfB1e3oKGoqtfdr9JcSUdh+BDUPnz8tLK69rm+vrG59aWxvdNzWEFdkWmMnuVgkMlDXZJksKr3CLoVOFlOjmZ+Zc3aJ3MzE+a5jQMDZyJAWQl5LGazAjBXyGAmSc37M42FG5XmVlLHV/FaYcW/vxIdga14bOdTixBJjVXSaIatcA7+nkRL0mRLdJLGL3+pKDQaEgqc60dhToMSLEmhsKrHhcMcxATG2PfUgEY3KOcbV3zPK0M+yqw/hvhcfT1RgnZuqlOf1EDX7q03E/n9Qsa/RiU0uQFoRGLh0aF4pTxWX18KC0KUlNPQFjp/8rFNVgQ5Eu+xKityu/J72DVhS2ovDZvtsWca+8q+sX0WsSPWZqesw7pMsDv2m/1hj8F98BA8Bc+LaC1YzuyfxC8/AW2YKqW</latexit>hηM = ˙ Mwind/ ˙ M?itime
<latexit sha1_base64="/URsSMGU/R7loQaGjn+nV5MRyZY=">ACMXicbVBNSyNBFOzJ7qobPzbqcS/NBsFTdkYE9yIEvOhBiLCJQiYMbzovsUl3z9D9RgnD/CUv/pNlLx5WxKt/YjsfB1e3oKGoqtfdr9JcSUdh+BDUPnz8tLK69rm+vrG59aWxvdNzWEFdkWmMnuVgkMlDXZJksKr3CLoVOFlOjmZ+Zc3aJ3MzE+a5jQMDZyJAWQl5LGazAjBXyGAmSc37M42FG5XmVlLHV/FaYcW/vxIdga14bOdTixBJjVXSaIatcA7+nkRL0mRLdJLGL3+pKDQaEgqc60dhToMSLEmhsKrHhcMcxATG2PfUgEY3KOcbV3zPK0M+yqw/hvhcfT1RgnZuqlOf1EDX7q03E/n9Qsa/RiU0uQFoRGLh0aF4pTxWX18KC0KUlNPQFjp/8rFNVgQ5Eu+xKityu/J72DVhS2ovDZvtsWca+8q+sX0WsSPWZqesw7pMsDv2m/1hj8F98BA8Bc+LaC1YzuyfxC8/AW2YKqW</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="/URsSMGU/R7loQaGjn+nV5MRyZY=">ACMXicbVBNSyNBFOzJ7qobPzbqcS/NBsFTdkYE9yIEvOhBiLCJQiYMbzovsUl3z9D9RgnD/CUv/pNlLx5WxKt/YjsfB1e3oKGoqtfdr9JcSUdh+BDUPnz8tLK69rm+vrG59aWxvdNzWEFdkWmMnuVgkMlDXZJksKr3CLoVOFlOjmZ+Zc3aJ3MzE+a5jQMDZyJAWQl5LGazAjBXyGAmSc37M42FG5XmVlLHV/FaYcW/vxIdga14bOdTixBJjVXSaIatcA7+nkRL0mRLdJLGL3+pKDQaEgqc60dhToMSLEmhsKrHhcMcxATG2PfUgEY3KOcbV3zPK0M+yqw/hvhcfT1RgnZuqlOf1EDX7q03E/n9Qsa/RiU0uQFoRGLh0aF4pTxWX18KC0KUlNPQFjp/8rFNVgQ5Eu+xKityu/J72DVhS2ovDZvtsWca+8q+sX0WsSPWZqesw7pMsDv2m/1hj8F98BA8Bc+LaC1YzuyfxC8/AW2YKqW</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="/URsSMGU/R7loQaGjn+nV5MRyZY=">ACMXicbVBNSyNBFOzJ7qobPzbqcS/NBsFTdkYE9yIEvOhBiLCJQiYMbzovsUl3z9D9RgnD/CUv/pNlLx5WxKt/YjsfB1e3oKGoqtfdr9JcSUdh+BDUPnz8tLK69rm+vrG59aWxvdNzWEFdkWmMnuVgkMlDXZJksKr3CLoVOFlOjmZ+Zc3aJ3MzE+a5jQMDZyJAWQl5LGazAjBXyGAmSc37M42FG5XmVlLHV/FaYcW/vxIdga14bOdTixBJjVXSaIatcA7+nkRL0mRLdJLGL3+pKDQaEgqc60dhToMSLEmhsKrHhcMcxATG2PfUgEY3KOcbV3zPK0M+yqw/hvhcfT1RgnZuqlOf1EDX7q03E/n9Qsa/RiU0uQFoRGLh0aF4pTxWX18KC0KUlNPQFjp/8rFNVgQ5Eu+xKityu/J72DVhS2ovDZvtsWca+8q+sX0WsSPWZqesw7pMsDv2m/1hj8F98BA8Bc+LaC1YzuyfxC8/AW2YKqW</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="/URsSMGU/R7loQaGjn+nV5MRyZY=">ACMXicbVBNSyNBFOzJ7qobPzbqcS/NBsFTdkYE9yIEvOhBiLCJQiYMbzovsUl3z9D9RgnD/CUv/pNlLx5WxKt/YjsfB1e3oKGoqtfdr9JcSUdh+BDUPnz8tLK69rm+vrG59aWxvdNzWEFdkWmMnuVgkMlDXZJksKr3CLoVOFlOjmZ+Zc3aJ3MzE+a5jQMDZyJAWQl5LGazAjBXyGAmSc37M42FG5XmVlLHV/FaYcW/vxIdga14bOdTixBJjVXSaIatcA7+nkRL0mRLdJLGL3+pKDQaEgqc60dhToMSLEmhsKrHhcMcxATG2PfUgEY3KOcbV3zPK0M+yqw/hvhcfT1RgnZuqlOf1EDX7q03E/n9Qsa/RiU0uQFoRGLh0aF4pTxWX18KC0KUlNPQFjp/8rFNVgQ5Eu+xKityu/J72DVhS2ovDZvtsWca+8q+sX0WsSPWZqesw7pMsDv2m/1hj8F98BA8Bc+LaC1YzuyfxC8/AW2YKqW</latexit>vB = s 2 ✓1 2v2 + γ γ − 1 P ρ ◆
<latexit sha1_base64="9GUtWvAn4SP3fbzgRWlpb8Bm37M=">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</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="9GUtWvAn4SP3fbzgRWlpb8Bm37M=">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</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="9GUtWvAn4SP3fbzgRWlpb8Bm37M=">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</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="9GUtWvAn4SP3fbzgRWlpb8Bm37M=">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</latexit>Drummond Fielding 21 March 2019
conclusion
Spatio-temporal clustered SNe can breakout of galactic disk under a wide range of conditions
Create “chimney” and vent efficiently into the CGM. The energy, mass, and momentum flux is a significant fraction of amount injected by SNe
ηE ∼ 0.1 − 0.8 ηM ∼ 0.1 − 1 ηP ∼ 1
<latexit sha1_base64="jinoUTMPXT6LNCH0puT351s80M=">ACMnicjZBNS8MwGMdTX+d8q3r0EhyCBx2tCO4EPwhT3AmspaZuYUlaklQYZ/Ji59E8KAHRbz6IUy3CXMo+JCEP/f85DkHyaMKu04z9bc/MLi0nJhpbi6tr6xaW9tN1ScSkzqOGaxbIVIEUYFqWuqGWklkiAeMtIM+2c5b94RqWgsbvUgIT5HXUEjipE2VmBfekSj4Bx6inLolF14ZM4K9A6/V46vprE7A2tj6AZ2yS07o4J/ixKYVC2wH71OjFNOhMYMKdV2nUT7GZKaYkaGRS9VJEG4j7qkbaRAnCg/G315CPeN04FRLM0WGo7c6YkMcaUGPDSdHOmemW5+Rtrpzq+BkVSaqJwOLopRBHcM8P9ihkmDNBkYgLKl5K8Q9JBHWJuXi/0JoHJdE+b1Sal6M4mjAHbBHjgALjgFVXABaqAOMLgHT+AVvFkP1ov1bn2MW+esycwO+FHW5xeWa6Mo</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="jinoUTMPXT6LNCH0puT351s80M=">ACMnicjZBNS8MwGMdTX+d8q3r0EhyCBx2tCO4EPwhT3AmspaZuYUlaklQYZ/Ji59E8KAHRbz6IUy3CXMo+JCEP/f85DkHyaMKu04z9bc/MLi0nJhpbi6tr6xaW9tN1ScSkzqOGaxbIVIEUYFqWuqGWklkiAeMtIM+2c5b94RqWgsbvUgIT5HXUEjipE2VmBfekSj4Bx6inLolF14ZM4K9A6/V46vprE7A2tj6AZ2yS07o4J/ixKYVC2wH71OjFNOhMYMKdV2nUT7GZKaYkaGRS9VJEG4j7qkbaRAnCg/G315CPeN04FRLM0WGo7c6YkMcaUGPDSdHOmemW5+Rtrpzq+BkVSaqJwOLopRBHcM8P9ihkmDNBkYgLKl5K8Q9JBHWJuXi/0JoHJdE+b1Sal6M4mjAHbBHjgALjgFVXABaqAOMLgHT+AVvFkP1ov1bn2MW+esycwO+FHW5xeWa6Mo</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="jinoUTMPXT6LNCH0puT351s80M=">ACMnicjZBNS8MwGMdTX+d8q3r0EhyCBx2tCO4EPwhT3AmspaZuYUlaklQYZ/Ji59E8KAHRbz6IUy3CXMo+JCEP/f85DkHyaMKu04z9bc/MLi0nJhpbi6tr6xaW9tN1ScSkzqOGaxbIVIEUYFqWuqGWklkiAeMtIM+2c5b94RqWgsbvUgIT5HXUEjipE2VmBfekSj4Bx6inLolF14ZM4K9A6/V46vprE7A2tj6AZ2yS07o4J/ixKYVC2wH71OjFNOhMYMKdV2nUT7GZKaYkaGRS9VJEG4j7qkbaRAnCg/G315CPeN04FRLM0WGo7c6YkMcaUGPDSdHOmemW5+Rtrpzq+BkVSaqJwOLopRBHcM8P9ihkmDNBkYgLKl5K8Q9JBHWJuXi/0JoHJdE+b1Sal6M4mjAHbBHjgALjgFVXABaqAOMLgHT+AVvFkP1ov1bn2MW+esycwO+FHW5xeWa6Mo</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="jinoUTMPXT6LNCH0puT351s80M=">ACMnicjZBNS8MwGMdTX+d8q3r0EhyCBx2tCO4EPwhT3AmspaZuYUlaklQYZ/Ji59E8KAHRbz6IUy3CXMo+JCEP/f85DkHyaMKu04z9bc/MLi0nJhpbi6tr6xaW9tN1ScSkzqOGaxbIVIEUYFqWuqGWklkiAeMtIM+2c5b94RqWgsbvUgIT5HXUEjipE2VmBfekSj4Bx6inLolF14ZM4K9A6/V46vprE7A2tj6AZ2yS07o4J/ixKYVC2wH71OjFNOhMYMKdV2nUT7GZKaYkaGRS9VJEG4j7qkbaRAnCg/G315CPeN04FRLM0WGo7c6YkMcaUGPDSdHOmemW5+Rtrpzq+BkVSaqJwOLopRBHcM8P9ihkmDNBkYgLKl5K8Q9JBHWJuXi/0JoHJdE+b1Sal6M4mjAHbBHjgALjgFVXABaqAOMLgHT+AVvFkP1ov1bn2MW+esycwO+FHW5xeWa6Mo</latexit>Drummond Fielding 21 March 2019
stratified simulations — phase structure
close to disk top of box
energy mass
– B-fields & cosmic rays – higher resolution – time to cool/condense
Drummond Fielding 21 March 2019
critical surface density
A simple model for star formation and galactic wind driving
Mcl = ✏?⇡h2Σgas
<latexit sha1_base64="aO0XU+bvTeMUvM+oVsRb21H2vcs=">ACI3icjVDLSgMxFM3UV62vUZdugkVwVWaKoAhCwY0bpaJ9QGcsd9K0DU1mhiQjlGH+xY2/4saFUty48F9Mp12oKHg5HDOudzkBDFnSjvOu1VYWFxaXimultbWNza37O2dpoSWiDRDyS7QAU5SykDc0p+1YUhABp61gdD71W/dUKhaFt3ocU1/AIGR9RkAbqWufp4U+DLr5jfhGT7DHo0V48b1lAaJvZjh4V0VezdsIGAWHIDKunbZrTg58N+kjOaod+2J14tImioCQelOq4Taz8FqRnhNCt5iaIxkBEMaMfQEARVfpr/McMHRunhfiTNCTXO1a8TKQilxiIwSQF6qH56U/E3r5Po/omfsjBONA3JbFE/4VhHeFoY7jFJieZjQ4BIZt6KyRAkEG1qLf2vhGa14joV9/qoXLua1FEe2gfHSIXHaMaukB1EAEPaAn9IJerUfr2ZpYb7NowZrP7KJvsD4+AXJjpC4=</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="aO0XU+bvTeMUvM+oVsRb21H2vcs=">ACI3icjVDLSgMxFM3UV62vUZdugkVwVWaKoAhCwY0bpaJ9QGcsd9K0DU1mhiQjlGH+xY2/4saFUty48F9Mp12oKHg5HDOudzkBDFnSjvOu1VYWFxaXimultbWNza37O2dpoSWiDRDyS7QAU5SykDc0p+1YUhABp61gdD71W/dUKhaFt3ocU1/AIGR9RkAbqWufp4U+DLr5jfhGT7DHo0V48b1lAaJvZjh4V0VezdsIGAWHIDKunbZrTg58N+kjOaod+2J14tImioCQelOq4Taz8FqRnhNCt5iaIxkBEMaMfQEARVfpr/McMHRunhfiTNCTXO1a8TKQilxiIwSQF6qH56U/E3r5Po/omfsjBONA3JbFE/4VhHeFoY7jFJieZjQ4BIZt6KyRAkEG1qLf2vhGa14joV9/qoXLua1FEe2gfHSIXHaMaukB1EAEPaAn9IJerUfr2ZpYb7NowZrP7KJvsD4+AXJjpC4=</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="aO0XU+bvTeMUvM+oVsRb21H2vcs=">ACI3icjVDLSgMxFM3UV62vUZdugkVwVWaKoAhCwY0bpaJ9QGcsd9K0DU1mhiQjlGH+xY2/4saFUty48F9Mp12oKHg5HDOudzkBDFnSjvOu1VYWFxaXimultbWNza37O2dpoSWiDRDyS7QAU5SykDc0p+1YUhABp61gdD71W/dUKhaFt3ocU1/AIGR9RkAbqWufp4U+DLr5jfhGT7DHo0V48b1lAaJvZjh4V0VezdsIGAWHIDKunbZrTg58N+kjOaod+2J14tImioCQelOq4Taz8FqRnhNCt5iaIxkBEMaMfQEARVfpr/McMHRunhfiTNCTXO1a8TKQilxiIwSQF6qH56U/E3r5Po/omfsjBONA3JbFE/4VhHeFoY7jFJieZjQ4BIZt6KyRAkEG1qLf2vhGa14joV9/qoXLua1FEe2gfHSIXHaMaukB1EAEPaAn9IJerUfr2ZpYb7NowZrP7KJvsD4+AXJjpC4=</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="aO0XU+bvTeMUvM+oVsRb21H2vcs=">ACI3icjVDLSgMxFM3UV62vUZdugkVwVWaKoAhCwY0bpaJ9QGcsd9K0DU1mhiQjlGH+xY2/4saFUty48F9Mp12oKHg5HDOudzkBDFnSjvOu1VYWFxaXimultbWNza37O2dpoSWiDRDyS7QAU5SykDc0p+1YUhABp61gdD71W/dUKhaFt3ocU1/AIGR9RkAbqWufp4U+DLr5jfhGT7DHo0V48b1lAaJvZjh4V0VezdsIGAWHIDKunbZrTg58N+kjOaod+2J14tImioCQelOq4Taz8FqRnhNCt5iaIxkBEMaMfQEARVfpr/McMHRunhfiTNCTXO1a8TKQilxiIwSQF6qH56U/E3r5Po/omfsjBONA3JbFE/4VhHeFoY7jFJieZjQ4BIZt6KyRAkEG1qLf2vhGa14joV9/qoXLua1FEe2gfHSIXHaMaukB1EAEPaAn9IJerUfr2ZpYb7NowZrP7KJvsD4+AXJjpC4=</latexit>✏? = ✏Σgas/Σmax
<latexit sha1_base64="MHvyw7RPeg4UeikwpJV2uK3yk=">ACLXicjZBLSwMxFIUzPmt9jbp0EyCqzojgm6Egi5cSUX7gE4pd9JMG5pkhiQjlqF/yI1/RQXFXHr3zB9gFYUPBA4fOdekpw4Uwbzxs6c/MLi0vLuZX86tr6xqa7tV3VcaoIrZCYx6oegqacSVoxzHBaTxQFEXJaC3vno7x2R5Vmsbw1/YQ2BXQkixgBY1HLvQhohm3NtAGFD7DX4AwRXBwzoCWlmgBO6AHuDGSTgfoBbsEvemPhv0BTVuc9BOyapoNIQDlo3fC8xzQyUYTQT5INU2A9KBDG9ZKEFQ3s/FvB3jfkjaOYmWPNHhMv29kILTui9BOCjBd/TMbwd+yRmqi02bGZJIaKsnkoijl2MR4VB1uM0WJ4X1rgChm34pJFxQYwvO/6+E6lHR94r+9XGhdDWtI4d20R46QD46QSV0icqogh6QE9oiF6dR+fFeXPeJ6NznRnB83I+fgE7Yyoig=</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="MHvyw7RPeg4UeikwpJV2uK3yk=">ACLXicjZBLSwMxFIUzPmt9jbp0EyCqzojgm6Egi5cSUX7gE4pd9JMG5pkhiQjlqF/yI1/RQXFXHr3zB9gFYUPBA4fOdekpw4Uwbzxs6c/MLi0vLuZX86tr6xqa7tV3VcaoIrZCYx6oegqacSVoxzHBaTxQFEXJaC3vno7x2R5Vmsbw1/YQ2BXQkixgBY1HLvQhohm3NtAGFD7DX4AwRXBwzoCWlmgBO6AHuDGSTgfoBbsEvemPhv0BTVuc9BOyapoNIQDlo3fC8xzQyUYTQT5INU2A9KBDG9ZKEFQ3s/FvB3jfkjaOYmWPNHhMv29kILTui9BOCjBd/TMbwd+yRmqi02bGZJIaKsnkoijl2MR4VB1uM0WJ4X1rgChm34pJFxQYwvO/6+E6lHR94r+9XGhdDWtI4d20R46QD46QSV0icqogh6QE9oiF6dR+fFeXPeJ6NznRnB83I+fgE7Yyoig=</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="MHvyw7RPeg4UeikwpJV2uK3yk=">ACLXicjZBLSwMxFIUzPmt9jbp0EyCqzojgm6Egi5cSUX7gE4pd9JMG5pkhiQjlqF/yI1/RQXFXHr3zB9gFYUPBA4fOdekpw4Uwbzxs6c/MLi0vLuZX86tr6xqa7tV3VcaoIrZCYx6oegqacSVoxzHBaTxQFEXJaC3vno7x2R5Vmsbw1/YQ2BXQkixgBY1HLvQhohm3NtAGFD7DX4AwRXBwzoCWlmgBO6AHuDGSTgfoBbsEvemPhv0BTVuc9BOyapoNIQDlo3fC8xzQyUYTQT5INU2A9KBDG9ZKEFQ3s/FvB3jfkjaOYmWPNHhMv29kILTui9BOCjBd/TMbwd+yRmqi02bGZJIaKsnkoijl2MR4VB1uM0WJ4X1rgChm34pJFxQYwvO/6+E6lHR94r+9XGhdDWtI4d20R46QD46QSV0icqogh6QE9oiF6dR+fFeXPeJ6NznRnB83I+fgE7Yyoig=</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="MHvyw7RPeg4UeikwpJV2uK3yk=">ACLXicjZBLSwMxFIUzPmt9jbp0EyCqzojgm6Egi5cSUX7gE4pd9JMG5pkhiQjlqF/yI1/RQXFXHr3zB9gFYUPBA4fOdekpw4Uwbzxs6c/MLi0vLuZX86tr6xqa7tV3VcaoIrZCYx6oegqacSVoxzHBaTxQFEXJaC3vno7x2R5Vmsbw1/YQ2BXQkixgBY1HLvQhohm3NtAGFD7DX4AwRXBwzoCWlmgBO6AHuDGSTgfoBbsEvemPhv0BTVuc9BOyapoNIQDlo3fC8xzQyUYTQT5INU2A9KBDG9ZKEFQ3s/FvB3jfkjaOYmWPNHhMv29kILTui9BOCjBd/TMbwd+yRmqi02bGZJIaKsnkoijl2MR4VB1uM0WJ4X1rgChm34pJFxQYwvO/6+E6lHR94r+9XGhdDWtI4d20R46QD46QSV0icqogh6QE9oiF6dR+fFeXPeJ6NznRnB83I+fgE7Yyoig=</latexit>vbubble(h) ≥ δv
<latexit sha1_base64="H9VQWI6JovwWb5hZJlQAorAymM=">ACXicjVDLSgMxFL1TX7W+Rl26CRahbsqMCLosuHElFewDOqVkMpk2NMmMSaZQhm7d+CtuXCji1j9w59+YPhYqCh4IHM65h3tzwpQzbTzvwyksLa+srhXSxubW9s7u5eUyeZIrRBEp6odog15UzShmG03aqKBYhp61weDH1WyOqNEvkjRmntCtwX7KYEWys1HPRqJcHSqAwC21kgiqDYxT06S0KIsoNtrZb9qveDOhvUoYF6j3PYgSkgkqDeFY647vpabY2UYsRtKQaZpiskQ92nHUokF1d189pMJOrJKhOJE2ScNmqlfEzkWo9FaCcFNgP905uKv3mdzMTn3ZzJNDNUkvmiOPIJGhaC4qYosTwsSWYKGZvRWSAFSbGlf6XwnNk6rvVf3r03LtalFHEQ7gECrgwxnU4BLq0ACd/AT/Ds3DuPzovzOh8tOIvMPnyD8/YJ8jSZPA=</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="H9VQWI6JovwWb5hZJlQAorAymM=">ACXicjVDLSgMxFL1TX7W+Rl26CRahbsqMCLosuHElFewDOqVkMpk2NMmMSaZQhm7d+CtuXCji1j9w59+YPhYqCh4IHM65h3tzwpQzbTzvwyksLa+srhXSxubW9s7u5eUyeZIrRBEp6odog15UzShmG03aqKBYhp61weDH1WyOqNEvkjRmntCtwX7KYEWys1HPRqJcHSqAwC21kgiqDYxT06S0KIsoNtrZb9qveDOhvUoYF6j3PYgSkgkqDeFY647vpabY2UYsRtKQaZpiskQ92nHUokF1d189pMJOrJKhOJE2ScNmqlfEzkWo9FaCcFNgP905uKv3mdzMTn3ZzJNDNUkvmiOPIJGhaC4qYosTwsSWYKGZvRWSAFSbGlf6XwnNk6rvVf3r03LtalFHEQ7gECrgwxnU4BLq0ACd/AT/Ds3DuPzovzOh8tOIvMPnyD8/YJ8jSZPA=</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="H9VQWI6JovwWb5hZJlQAorAymM=">ACXicjVDLSgMxFL1TX7W+Rl26CRahbsqMCLosuHElFewDOqVkMpk2NMmMSaZQhm7d+CtuXCji1j9w59+YPhYqCh4IHM65h3tzwpQzbTzvwyksLa+srhXSxubW9s7u5eUyeZIrRBEp6odog15UzShmG03aqKBYhp61weDH1WyOqNEvkjRmntCtwX7KYEWys1HPRqJcHSqAwC21kgiqDYxT06S0KIsoNtrZb9qveDOhvUoYF6j3PYgSkgkqDeFY647vpabY2UYsRtKQaZpiskQ92nHUokF1d189pMJOrJKhOJE2ScNmqlfEzkWo9FaCcFNgP905uKv3mdzMTn3ZzJNDNUkvmiOPIJGhaC4qYosTwsSWYKGZvRWSAFSbGlf6XwnNk6rvVf3r03LtalFHEQ7gECrgwxnU4BLq0ACd/AT/Ds3DuPzovzOh8tOIvMPnyD8/YJ8jSZPA=</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="H9VQWI6JovwWb5hZJlQAorAymM=">ACXicjVDLSgMxFL1TX7W+Rl26CRahbsqMCLosuHElFewDOqVkMpk2NMmMSaZQhm7d+CtuXCji1j9w59+YPhYqCh4IHM65h3tzwpQzbTzvwyksLa+srhXSxubW9s7u5eUyeZIrRBEp6odog15UzShmG03aqKBYhp61weDH1WyOqNEvkjRmntCtwX7KYEWys1HPRqJcHSqAwC21kgiqDYxT06S0KIsoNtrZb9qveDOhvUoYF6j3PYgSkgkqDeFY647vpabY2UYsRtKQaZpiskQ92nHUokF1d189pMJOrJKhOJE2ScNmqlfEzkWo9FaCcFNgP905uKv3mdzMTn3ZzJNDNUkvmiOPIJGhaC4qYosTwsSWYKGZvRWSAFSbGlf6XwnNk6rvVf3r03LtalFHEQ7gECrgwxnU4BLq0ACd/AT/Ds3DuPzovzOh8tOIvMPnyD8/YJ8jSZPA=</latexit>For bubble to breakout: Critical Gas Surface density:
Σgas Σcrit ⇡ 30 M/pc2 ) ˙ Σ? 0.03M/kpc2/yr
<latexit sha1_base64="7H5G2b6b4Fh4yev8YzN3keIzpE=">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</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="7H5G2b6b4Fh4yev8YzN3keIzpE=">AClHicjVFNa9tAEF2paZO6H3Fa6CWXpabQ3GlJAenAJgVwS8lEnAcsVo/VaXryrXZHbY3QL+q/yS3/JivLh6Sk0GEXZt57MwNvMiOFwyi6DcIna0+frW87x4+er1ZnfrzaXTpWV8yLTU9joDx6Uo+BAFSn5tLAeVSX6VzQ8a/uont07o4jsuDB8ryAsxFQzQ2n3T3IhcgVplVhFc3A1TfKc3geZFehRMbq3Q3osknuiSO6zTRE430c1sbVv/Y8aznk3ORzxCs1b8aefO8sGrH1n6u82S7KupHu4/Pm7cDV9XC1m3F/ejZdB/Jz2yitO0e+PXslLxApkE50ZxZHBcgUXBJK87Sem4ATaHnI98WoDiblwtTa3pB49M6FRb/wukS/R+RwXKuYXKvFIBztzfXAM+xo1KnH4ZV6IwJfKCtYumpaSoaXMhOhGWM5QLn0BjvmCUzcACQ3/Hzv+ZcLnTj6N+fLbXG5ys7Ng2+Q9+Uhisk8G5IickiFhwVawHwyCb+G78Gt4EB620jBY9bwlDyI8uQP21MWQ</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="7H5G2b6b4Fh4yev8YzN3keIzpE=">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</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="7H5G2b6b4Fh4yev8YzN3keIzpE=">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</latexit>Drummond Fielding 21 March 2019
critical surface density
Critical Gas Surface density for galactic wind launching:
Similar to the observed threshold e.g. Heckman (2002) Σgas Σcrit ⇡ 30 M/pc2 ˙ Σ? 0.03 M/kpc2/yr
<latexit sha1_base64="C29NXSUSsAbhV61qs7Hi1I5e+E=">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</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="C29NXSUSsAbhV61qs7Hi1I5e+E=">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</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="C29NXSUSsAbhV61qs7Hi1I5e+E=">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</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="C29NXSUSsAbhV61qs7Hi1I5e+E=">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</latexit>∼ 0.1 M/kpc2/yr
<latexit sha1_base64="3GJYzmfuj961GWOD1e2Un+Hvf8U=">ACG3icjVDLSsQwFE3H1zi+qi7dBAfBhYztIOhywI0uhBGcB0xrSdN0JkzSlCQVhtL/cOvuHGhiCvBhX9j5iGoKHjgwrn3EtyT5gyqrTjvFulufmFxaXycmVldW19w97caiuRSUxaWDAhuyFShNGEtDTVjHRTSRAPGemEw9Ox37khUlGRXOlRSnyO+gmNKUbaSIFd9xTl0Km50DuAuSc5vCgCT0RCw8NpP0xcV3/7EayCOyqW3MmgH+TKpihGdivXiRwxkmiMUNK9Vwn1X6OpKaYkaLiZYqkCA9Rn/QMTRAnys8ntxVwzygRjIU0lWg4Ub9u5IgrNeKhmeRID9RPbyz+5vUyHZ/4OU3STJMETx+KMwa1gOgYEQlwZqNDEFYUvNXiAdIqxNnJX/hdCu1yT7eVRtXE+i6MdsAu2AcuOAYNcAaoAUwuAX34BE8WXfWg/VsvUxHS9ZsZxt8g/X2ATGXnxM=</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="3GJYzmfuj961GWOD1e2Un+Hvf8U=">ACG3icjVDLSsQwFE3H1zi+qi7dBAfBhYztIOhywI0uhBGcB0xrSdN0JkzSlCQVhtL/cOvuHGhiCvBhX9j5iGoKHjgwrn3EtyT5gyqrTjvFulufmFxaXycmVldW19w97caiuRSUxaWDAhuyFShNGEtDTVjHRTSRAPGemEw9Ox37khUlGRXOlRSnyO+gmNKUbaSIFd9xTl0Km50DuAuSc5vCgCT0RCw8NpP0xcV3/7EayCOyqW3MmgH+TKpihGdivXiRwxkmiMUNK9Vwn1X6OpKaYkaLiZYqkCA9Rn/QMTRAnys8ntxVwzygRjIU0lWg4Ub9u5IgrNeKhmeRID9RPbyz+5vUyHZ/4OU3STJMETx+KMwa1gOgYEQlwZqNDEFYUvNXiAdIqxNnJX/hdCu1yT7eVRtXE+i6MdsAu2AcuOAYNcAaoAUwuAX34BE8WXfWg/VsvUxHS9ZsZxt8g/X2ATGXnxM=</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="3GJYzmfuj961GWOD1e2Un+Hvf8U=">ACG3icjVDLSsQwFE3H1zi+qi7dBAfBhYztIOhywI0uhBGcB0xrSdN0JkzSlCQVhtL/cOvuHGhiCvBhX9j5iGoKHjgwrn3EtyT5gyqrTjvFulufmFxaXycmVldW19w97caiuRSUxaWDAhuyFShNGEtDTVjHRTSRAPGemEw9Ox37khUlGRXOlRSnyO+gmNKUbaSIFd9xTl0Km50DuAuSc5vCgCT0RCw8NpP0xcV3/7EayCOyqW3MmgH+TKpihGdivXiRwxkmiMUNK9Vwn1X6OpKaYkaLiZYqkCA9Rn/QMTRAnys8ntxVwzygRjIU0lWg4Ub9u5IgrNeKhmeRID9RPbyz+5vUyHZ/4OU3STJMETx+KMwa1gOgYEQlwZqNDEFYUvNXiAdIqxNnJX/hdCu1yT7eVRtXE+i6MdsAu2AcuOAYNcAaoAUwuAX34BE8WXfWg/VsvUxHS9ZsZxt8g/X2ATGXnxM=</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="3GJYzmfuj961GWOD1e2Un+Hvf8U=">ACG3icjVDLSsQwFE3H1zi+qi7dBAfBhYztIOhywI0uhBGcB0xrSdN0JkzSlCQVhtL/cOvuHGhiCvBhX9j5iGoKHjgwrn3EtyT5gyqrTjvFulufmFxaXycmVldW19w97caiuRSUxaWDAhuyFShNGEtDTVjHRTSRAPGemEw9Ox37khUlGRXOlRSnyO+gmNKUbaSIFd9xTl0Km50DuAuSc5vCgCT0RCw8NpP0xcV3/7EayCOyqW3MmgH+TKpihGdivXiRwxkmiMUNK9Vwn1X6OpKaYkaLiZYqkCA9Rn/QMTRAnys8ntxVwzygRjIU0lWg4Ub9u5IgrNeKhmeRID9RPbyz+5vUyHZ/4OU3STJMETx+KMwa1gOgYEQlwZqNDEFYUvNXiAdIqxNnJX/hdCu1yT7eVRtXE+i6MdsAu2AcuOAYNcAaoAUwuAX34BE8WXfWg/VsvUxHS9ZsZxt8g/X2ATGXnxM=</latexit>Heckman+15
no wind wind
Drummond Fielding 21 March 2019
stratified simulations
Drummond Fielding 21 March 2019
stratified simulations
Drummond Fielding 21 March 2019
stratified simulations